【摘要】：登記審查是整個(gè)不動產(chǎn)登記制度的核心內(nèi)容之一,但就不動產(chǎn)登記的審查標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或方式而言,現(xiàn)行的《中華人民共和國物權(quán)法》以及2015年3月1日剛施行的《不動產(chǎn)登記暫行條例》等法律法規(guī)對其均無作出明確、詳盡的界定,因此,關(guān)于不動產(chǎn)登記審查標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的問題在理論上、立法上和實(shí)踐中目前尚無統(tǒng)一的認(rèn)識,存在著實(shí)質(zhì)審查與形式審查之爭。由于對審查標(biāo)準(zhǔn)認(rèn)識不一致,各地區(qū)登記機(jī)構(gòu)在辦理不動產(chǎn)登記過程中,難免會發(fā)生相同業(yè)務(wù)卻出現(xiàn)完全相反的辦理結(jié)果,導(dǎo)致登記機(jī)構(gòu)與民事主體之間就能否辦理登記產(chǎn)生劇烈矛盾；而司法機(jī)關(guān)與登記機(jī)構(gòu)對登記標(biāo)準(zhǔn)認(rèn)識的不一致,更是使登記機(jī)構(gòu)工作人員面臨因?qū)彶椴坏轿欢蛔坟?zé)和被要求賠償?shù)姆娠L(fēng)險(xiǎn),登記機(jī)構(gòu)工作人員因此過度審查的現(xiàn)象也屢有發(fā)生,基于此,我們有必要對我國不動產(chǎn)登記的審查標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行明確和完善。本文分為七章：第一章導(dǎo)論,主要是提出問題、說明研究方法和思路,重點(diǎn)論述研究本選題的意義。第二章,對不動產(chǎn)登記制度進(jìn)行概述。第三章,主要是對不動產(chǎn)登記審查標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的兩種理論模式進(jìn)行梳理。第二和第三章內(nèi)容為理論知識介紹,是下文的理論基礎(chǔ)。第四章,為本文的重點(diǎn)章節(jié)之一,筆者針對我國不動產(chǎn)登記審查標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的立法現(xiàn)狀詳細(xì)分析了我國不動產(chǎn)登記的立法現(xiàn)狀、立法問題以及各界人士對我國不動產(chǎn)登記審查標(biāo)準(zhǔn)所持的觀點(diǎn)和依據(jù)。第五章,為本文的重中之重,該部分以深圳等城市的具體做法和實(shí)際案例作為素材,詳細(xì)論證了我國不動產(chǎn)登記審查標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不明確所引發(fā)的區(qū)域矛盾和部門矛盾,進(jìn)而探討在具體實(shí)務(wù)操作中,如何從登記的申請主體、客體及其內(nèi)容等方面來完善我國不動產(chǎn)登記的審查標(biāo)準(zhǔn),以及如何判定不動產(chǎn)登記機(jī)構(gòu)是否已盡合理審慎職責(zé)。第六章也是重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容,點(diǎn)出我國不動產(chǎn)登記審查標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)施中應(yīng)注意的問題,相關(guān)問題的解決對完善后的不動產(chǎn)登記審查標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的順利落實(shí)影響重大。第七章為結(jié)論。縱觀全文,筆者始終注重法律的實(shí)效性,因此,筆者并不局限從物權(quán)保護(hù)的角度進(jìn)行論述。而是,從目的論的角度出發(fā),通過分析得出我國的不動產(chǎn)登記審查標(biāo)準(zhǔn)應(yīng)該根據(jù)物權(quán)法律關(guān)系的要素(登記主體、登記客體、登記內(nèi)容)分項(xiàng)審查,在形式審查的過程中應(yīng)嚴(yán)格完成審查的各項(xiàng)程序和充分利用現(xiàn)有技術(shù)手段；而在實(shí)質(zhì)審查過程中則應(yīng)窮盡手段以排除合理懷疑,確保登記的正確性。
[Abstract]:Registration and examination is one of the core contents of the whole real estate registration system. However, as far as the examination standards or methods of real estate registration are concerned, the current Real Right Law of the People's Republic of China and the Provisional Regulations on Real Estate Registration, which just came into effect on March 1, 2015, do not have a clear and detailed definition. Therefore, there is no clear and detailed definition about real estate registration. In theory, there is no uniform understanding of the criteria for examination of registration in legislation and practice, and there is a dispute between substantive examination and formal examination. There is a sharp contradiction between the registry and the civil subject, and the inconsistency between the judicial organ and the registry in understanding the registration standards makes the registry staff face the legal risk of being prosecuted and compensated for the lack of examination. The phenomenon of over-examination by the registry staff is also common. This article is divided into seven chapters: Chapter one is the introduction, which mainly puts forward the problems, explains the research methods and ideas, and focuses on the significance of this topic. Chapter two, the real estate registration system is summarized. Chapter three, mainly on the real estate registration. The second and third chapters are the introduction of theoretical knowledge, which is the theoretical basis of the following. Chapter four is one of the key chapters of this paper. The author analyzes the current legislative situation, legislative problems and various circles of real estate registration in China in detail. Chapter five is the most important part of this paper. This part takes the concrete practices and actual cases of Shenzhen and other cities as the material, demonstrates in detail the regional contradictions and departmental contradictions caused by the unclear examination standards of real estate registration in China, and then discusses the specific practice. How to perfect the examination standard of real estate registration in China from the aspects of application subject, object and content, and how to judge whether the real estate registration institution has done its reasonable and prudent duty. Chapter 7 is the conclusion. Throughout the full text, the author always pays attention to the effectiveness of the law. Therefore, the author does not confine himself to the protection of property rights. Instead, from the perspective of teleology, the author draws the conclusion that the real estate registration examination standards should be rooted in China. According to the elements of the legal relationship of real right (registration subject, registration object, registration content), the procedure of examination should be strictly completed and the existing technical means should be fully utilized in the process of formal examination, while in the process of substantive examination, the means should be exhausted to eliminate reasonable doubt and ensure the correctness of registration.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D923.2

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