本文選題：精神損害賠償 + 人格權(quán)��； 參考：《南昌大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：精神損害賠償制度是民事侵權(quán)賠償制度中最重要的部分之一,但是我國立法還沒有認(rèn)可在刑事案件中適用該制度。精神損害賠償制度是指自然人因不法侵害而遭受精神痛苦后要求侵害人通過金錢賠償?shù)姆绞竭M(jìn)行補償和救濟的民事法律制度。該制度以補償為主要功能、以金錢賠償為手段、重視法官自由裁量。目前許多國家都主張該制度可以適用于刑事犯罪造成被害人精神損害的情形。但我國在刑事立法上對此并不贊同,立法者想要以刑罰代替賠償,強調(diào)社會利益而剝奪個體利益。這種觀點很難立足,刑罰和賠償是兩種性質(zhì)不同的責(zé)任方式,不能互相替代,刑事法律無權(quán)剝奪被害人的民事權(quán)利。在刑事領(lǐng)域適用精神損害賠償制度不僅有利于協(xié)調(diào)法律內(nèi)部矛盾,完善損害賠償制度,防止同案不同判的現(xiàn)象,也是保障人權(quán)、打擊犯罪的有效手段,符合私法自治和公平正義原則的要求。在刑事領(lǐng)域適用該制度必須堅持以下原則:充分保護被害人合法權(quán)益、公平、補償為主撫慰為輔。在原則指導(dǎo)下明確適用范圍、責(zé)任構(gòu)成要件、權(quán)利主體、賠償義務(wù)人及救濟程序等,對于確定賠償金額可以采用新的人工智能的計算方式,被害人積極履行賠償義務(wù)時可以在量刑方面考慮從輕處罰。
[Abstract]:The system of compensation for mental damage is one of the most important parts in the civil tort compensation system, but the legislation of our country has not yet approved the application of the system in criminal cases. The system of compensation for moral damage refers to the civil legal system in which natural persons are required to compensate and remedy by means of pecuniary compensation after suffering mental suffering due to unlawful infringement. The system regards compensation as its main function and monetary compensation as its means. At present, many countries advocate that the system can be applied to the situation of mental injury caused by criminal offence. However, our criminal legislation does not agree with this, legislators want to replace compensation with punishment, emphasizing social interests and depriving individual interests. It is difficult to base on this view. Penalty and compensation are two different kinds of responsibility, which can not be replaced by each other. The criminal law has no right to deprive the victim of civil rights. The application of the system of compensation for mental damage in the criminal field is not only conducive to coordinating the internal contradictions of the law, perfecting the system of compensation for damages, and preventing the phenomenon of different judgments in the same case, but also an effective means of protecting human rights and cracking down on crime. It conforms to the requirements of the principle of autonomy of private law and the principle of fairness and justice. To apply the system in the criminal field, we must adhere to the following principles: fully protect the legitimate rights and interests of the victims, be fair, and give priority to compensation and comfort. Under the guidance of the principle, the scope of application, the constitutive requirements of liability, the subject of rights, the obligor of compensation and the procedure of relief, etc., can be calculated by new artificial intelligence to determine the amount of compensation. When the victim actively performs the obligation of compensation, he may consider the lighter punishment in the aspect of sentencing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D923
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本文編號：1995542