本文選題：違約可得利益 + 可預(yù)見(jiàn)性規(guī)則�。� 參考：《鄭州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：現(xiàn)在我國(guó)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)高速發(fā)展,每個(gè)人都積極地參與到經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)之中,合同成為人們參與市場(chǎng)經(jīng)營(yíng)和交易的主要方式。在爭(zhēng)取經(jīng)濟(jì)利益的過(guò)程中,合同發(fā)揮著舉足輕重的作用。合同訂立之后,合同的雙方當(dāng)事人要嚴(yán)格依照合同的約定適當(dāng)?shù)芈男凶约旱牧x務(wù),這樣合同的目的才能實(shí)現(xiàn),最終合同當(dāng)事人才能獲得各自的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益。合同的適當(dāng)履行也是社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)健康發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵所在,能鼓勵(lì)更多的人們?nèi)ミM(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)交易,從而為社會(huì)增加給多的物質(zhì)財(cái)富,大幅度提高人們的生活水平。然而由于各種因素的影響,違約情形常常會(huì)發(fā)生,從而損害了合同當(dāng)事人的利益以及社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的健康發(fā)展。違約情形出現(xiàn)后,合同非違約一方的會(huì)追求最大限度的利益保護(hù),要求違約方賠償自己的可得利益的損失。對(duì)于違約可得利益損失的賠償,我國(guó)法律作出了相關(guān)規(guī)定,并相繼出臺(tái)了審理民商事合同糾紛的《指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)》,對(duì)司法實(shí)踐中出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題提供解決的依據(jù)。但法律的滯后性與概括性決定了當(dāng)前法律規(guī)定的不夠完善。因此,本文在比較分析國(guó)內(nèi)外立法和司法實(shí)踐的基礎(chǔ)上,詳細(xì)論述了相關(guān)的法學(xué)理論,從而對(duì)我國(guó)違約可得利益損失賠償制度提供有益的借鑒。全文除引言和結(jié)語(yǔ)外,共分為四個(gè)部分,具體而言,包括以下內(nèi)容:第一部分:我國(guó)違約可得利益損害賠償?shù)牧⒎八痉ìF(xiàn)狀。首先闡述了違約可得利益的立法沿革,相關(guān)立法從無(wú)到有,從抽象到相對(duì)具體,但是法律規(guī)定還是不夠詳盡。其次對(duì)我國(guó)的現(xiàn)實(shí)司法實(shí)踐狀況做出了說(shuō)明,指出了現(xiàn)實(shí)中存在的困境。現(xiàn)實(shí)中對(duì)可得利益損失的賠償訴訟請(qǐng)求,法院大多數(shù)情形下是不支持的。第二部分:國(guó)外關(guān)于可得利益損害賠償?shù)牧⒎敖梃b。分別對(duì)德國(guó)、法國(guó)、美國(guó)和英國(guó)的立法做出詳細(xì)的論述,指出了各個(gè)國(guó)家不同的不同做法。最后,說(shuō)明了國(guó)外關(guān)于可得利益損害賠償?shù)牧⒎▽?duì)我國(guó)立法的借鑒意義。第三部分:違約可得利益損失的法理分析。首先詳細(xì)論述了可得利益的含義和特點(diǎn),從而對(duì)可得利益的內(nèi)涵和外延做出清晰的界定。其次對(duì)違約可得利益損失的構(gòu)成要件和證明標(biāo)準(zhǔn)做出了說(shuō)明,為司法實(shí)踐中認(rèn)定可得利益損失提供了明確的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。第四部分:論述了違約可得利益損失賠償?shù)南薅ㄒ?guī)則、計(jì)算方法和影響因素。限定規(guī)則包括可預(yù)見(jiàn)性規(guī)則、減輕損失規(guī)則、過(guò)失相抵規(guī)則和損益相抵規(guī)則。計(jì)算方法包括約定計(jì)算方法、法定計(jì)算方法和酌定計(jì)算方法。影響因素包括主體因素、地點(diǎn)因素和時(shí)間因素。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, with the rapid development of social economy in our country, everyone is actively participating in economic activities, and contract has become the main way for people to participate in market operation and transaction. In the process of striving for economic benefits, the contract plays a pivotal role. After the conclusion of the contract, the parties to the contract should fulfill their obligations strictly in accordance with the agreement of the contract, so that the purpose of the contract can be realized and the parties to the contract can obtain their respective economic benefits. The proper performance of contracts is also the key to the healthy development of social economy, which can encourage more people to carry out economic transactions, thus increasing the material wealth for the society and greatly improving people's living standards. However, due to the influence of various factors, breach of contract often occurs, which damages the interests of the parties to the contract and the healthy development of social economy. After breach of contract, the non-defaulting party of the contract will pursue the maximum protection of interests and ask the defaulting party to compensate for the loss of his own available benefits. With regard to the compensation for the loss of interest due to breach of contract, the relevant provisions have been made in our law, and the guiding opinions on the trial of civil and commercial contract disputes have been issued one after another, providing the basis for solving the problems arising in the judicial practice. But the lag and generality of the law decide that the current law is not perfect. Therefore, on the basis of comparative analysis of domestic and foreign legislation and judicial practice, this paper discusses the relevant legal theories in detail, thus providing a useful reference for the system of compensation for the loss of interest obtained by breach of contract in our country. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the full text is divided into four parts, specifically, including the following contents: the first part: the legislative and judicial status quo of compensation for damages due to breach of contract in China. First, the legislative evolution of the benefits of breach of contract is expounded. The relevant legislation begins from nothing, from abstract to relatively specific, but the legal provisions are not detailed enough. Secondly, it explains the actual judicial practice in our country and points out the dilemma in reality. In reality, the court does not support claims for loss of interest. The second part: the foreign legislation on the compensation of available interests and reference. The legislation of Germany, France, the United States and the United Kingdom is discussed in detail, pointing out different practices in different countries. At last, it explains the reference meaning of the foreign legislation on the compensation for the interests of our country. The third part: the legal theory analysis of the loss of the benefits of breach of contract. Firstly, the meaning and characteristics of available interest are discussed in detail, so that the connotation and extension of available interest are clearly defined. Secondly, it explains the constitutive elements and the standard of proof of the loss of interest that can be obtained in breach of contract, which provides a clear standard for the determination of loss of available interest in judicial practice. The fourth part discusses the limited rules, calculation methods and influencing factors of the compensation for loss of interest due to breach of contract. The rules include predictability rule, loss mitigation rule, fault offset rule and profit and loss offset rule. The calculation methods include the conventional calculation method, the statutory calculation method and the discretionary calculation method. The influencing factors include subject factor, location factor and time factor.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D923.6

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條

1 焦冶;略論違約損害賠償?shù)姆秶鶾J];當(dāng)代法學(xué);2002年06期

2 劉承韙;;違約可得利益損失的確定規(guī)則[J];法學(xué)研究;2013年02期

3 閆仁河;;違約可得利益賠償?shù)淖C明標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之完善——兼論可得利益認(rèn)定的自由心證制度[J];學(xué)術(shù)交流;2009年04期

，

本文編號(hào)：1972106