本文選題：成員權(quán) + 成員資格��； 參考：《遼寧大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國農(nóng)民集體成員權(quán)作為一種民法上特殊的身份權(quán),關(guān)系著農(nóng)民集體社會的生存保障問題,具有民法上私權(quán)利的屬性。作為一種私法上的權(quán)利,根據(jù)權(quán)利行使目的的不同,農(nóng)民集體成員權(quán)可分解為共益權(quán)和自益權(quán)兩個(gè)部分。對我國集體中的成員而言,農(nóng)民集體成員權(quán)無疑是一項(xiàng)不可或缺的權(quán)利,但目前我國仍缺乏該方面的明確立法規(guī)定,而僅僅在部分法律條文中可見其模糊身影,不能為明確保護(hù)農(nóng)民集體成員權(quán)提供充足的依據(jù),由此導(dǎo)致實(shí)踐中集體成員行使權(quán)利無完善法律依據(jù)可尋。實(shí)踐中,成員權(quán)的保障與農(nóng)民集體之間的關(guān)系紛繁復(fù)雜,其權(quán)利實(shí)現(xiàn)的途徑也并不通暢。同時(shí),立法規(guī)定的缺失,也致使農(nóng)民權(quán)益的維護(hù)與救濟(jì)之路困難重重。從實(shí)踐中看,由于現(xiàn)行立法關(guān)于成員權(quán)規(guī)定的不到位,致使成員權(quán)資格的確認(rèn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、認(rèn)定程序參差不齊,使得農(nóng)村土地承包權(quán)的行使、宅基地分配權(quán)的實(shí)現(xiàn)以及集體經(jīng)濟(jì)利益的獲得等產(chǎn)生了較多糾紛,從而阻礙了成員權(quán)的行使,使得集體組織的成員不得不面臨成員權(quán)行使不充分、成員權(quán)被侵害無法得到救濟(jì)等困境。因此,本文通過對我國立法關(guān)于集體成員權(quán)制度規(guī)定的討論,完善農(nóng)民集體成員權(quán)的救濟(jì)制度。本文認(rèn)為,理論與實(shí)踐中對于農(nóng)民集體成員資格的認(rèn)定戶籍標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、戶籍加年齡標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、事實(shí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)均不可取,應(yīng)采用折中主義標(biāo)準(zhǔn),即,在將戶籍作為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之一的同時(shí),還將成員在組織中實(shí)際承擔(dān)的責(zé)任也納入考慮的范圍內(nèi)。為防止成員權(quán)的濫用,立法應(yīng)當(dāng)限制農(nóng)民集體成員權(quán),即當(dāng)農(nóng)民集體因成員的行為而遭受重大損害時(shí),農(nóng)民集體應(yīng)有權(quán)懲罰該成員,借以限制成員的權(quán)利,防止其濫用權(quán)利,危及他們和集體;對于成員權(quán)的救濟(jì)程序,通過行政訴訟對農(nóng)村集體經(jīng)濟(jì)組織成員權(quán)糾紛進(jìn)行解決具有一定的局限性,相比之下,通過民事途徑解決更具優(yōu)勢。防止集體自治權(quán)濫用,應(yīng)構(gòu)建具體的村民自治決議撤銷之訴制度,即如果起訴僅是主張集體決議侵犯個(gè)人權(quán)益的,不應(yīng)限制起訴人數(shù)比例;如果是涉及集體整體利益的,應(yīng)當(dāng)至少要求半數(shù)以上成員起訴。
[Abstract]:As a kind of special status right in civil law, the collective membership right of peasants in our country is related to the survival guarantee of peasant collective society and has the attribute of private right in civil law. As a right in private law, the collective membership right of peasants can be divided into two parts: the co-beneficial right and the self-beneficial right according to the difference of the purpose of exercising the right. To the members of the collective of our country, the collective membership right of peasants is undoubtedly an indispensable right, but at present our country still lacks the clear legislation stipulation in this aspect, but only in some legal provisions it is vague. It can not provide sufficient basis for the clear protection of peasants' collective members' rights, which leads to the lack of perfect legal basis for collective members to exercise their rights in practice. In practice, the relationship between the protection of membership rights and peasant collectives is complicated, and the way to realize their rights is not smooth. At the same time, the lack of legislation also makes the protection and relief of farmers' rights and interests difficult. In practice, because the current legislation on the right of membership is not in place, resulting in the membership of the qualification criteria, the identification procedures are uneven, making the exercise of rural land contract right, The realization of the distribution right of the homestead and the acquisition of the collective economic benefits have produced more disputes, which have hindered the exercise of the membership right, and made the members of the collective organization have to face the insufficient exercise of the membership right. The member right is infringed cannot obtain the relief and so on difficult position. Therefore, this article consummates the relief system of peasants' collective membership right through the discussion of our country's legislation about collective membership right system. This paper holds that the criterion of household registration, the criterion of household registration plus age, and the standard of fact should be adopted in theory and practice, that is, the criterion of eclecticism should be adopted, that is, taking household registration as one of the criteria. The actual responsibilities of members in the organization are also taken into account. In order to prevent the abuse of the members' rights, the legislation should restrict the peasants' collective members' rights, that is, when the peasant collective suffers significant harm as a result of the member's behavior, the peasant collective should have the right to punish the member so as to limit the members' rights and prevent them from abusing their rights. Endangers them and the collective; to the member right relief procedure, through the administrative lawsuit to the rural collective economic organization member rights dispute has the certain limitation, by contrast, through the civil way solution has the superiority. In order to prevent the abuse of collective autonomy, a specific system of revocation of villagers' autonomy resolution should be established, that is, if the prosecution is only for the infringement of individual rights and interests by collective resolution, the proportion of persons prosecuted should not be restricted; if the collective interests are involved, At least half of the members shall be required to sue.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D923

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本文編號：1953907