本文選題：讓與擔(dān)保 + 所有權(quán)移轉(zhuǎn)　； 參考：《安徽大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：讓與擔(dān)保制度因其獨(dú)特的擔(dān)保方式和擔(dān)保功能在我國(guó)引起頗多爭(zhēng)議。問(wèn)題主要存在兩個(gè)方面：一是讓與擔(dān)保制度有沒(méi)有存在的價(jià)值；二是如果存在價(jià)值,如何對(duì)其進(jìn)行規(guī)制。具體而言,讓與擔(dān)保制度是指?jìng)鶆?wù)人為擔(dān)保其對(duì)個(gè)人所負(fù)債務(wù)而將應(yīng)屬于其個(gè)人的財(cái)產(chǎn)移轉(zhuǎn)至債權(quán)人名下,但通常占有狀態(tài)不改變的一種制度。讓與擔(dān)保的標(biāo)的物包括動(dòng)產(chǎn)和質(zhì)權(quán)。讓與擔(dān)保制度是一種克服了傳統(tǒng)擔(dān)保制度標(biāo)的為物的使用權(quán)的缺陷而興起的一種新型的擔(dān)保方式。一方面,他有效的實(shí)現(xiàn)了財(cái)產(chǎn)所有權(quán)與財(cái)產(chǎn)使用權(quán)的結(jié)合,更有利于社會(huì)資源的優(yōu)化配置,為債權(quán)人的債權(quán)提供了有力保障。另一方面,讓與擔(dān)保制度滿足了市場(chǎng)的要求,起到了促進(jìn)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的作用。雖然我國(guó)立法沒(méi)有明確規(guī)定讓與擔(dān)保制度,但在我國(guó)民商事活動(dòng)中卻屢見(jiàn)其蹤影,其也與期待權(quán)理論有很大的契合之處。很多以讓與擔(dān)保法理為基礎(chǔ)的民事行為出現(xiàn)現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中,涉及讓與擔(dān)保制度的司法判例近年來(lái)隨著市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展更是比比皆是。有鑒于此,筆者認(rèn)為,應(yīng)在法律和實(shí)踐中認(rèn)可讓與擔(dān)保制度。本文對(duì)于構(gòu)建我國(guó)讓與擔(dān)保制度的妥當(dāng)性、必要性、可行性主要是從理論和實(shí)務(wù)兩個(gè)層面進(jìn)行分析的；指出我國(guó)可將讓與擔(dān)保制度放置于整個(gè)民商法體系及相關(guān)部門法中,進(jìn)行體系性規(guī)定,而不對(duì)其進(jìn)行專門統(tǒng)一立法,并草擬了相關(guān)法條,對(duì)我國(guó)構(gòu)建讓與擔(dān)保制度提供了良好的建議。本文主要從三個(gè)方面對(duì)讓與擔(dān)保制度進(jìn)行闡述。第一個(gè)方面闡述了讓與擔(dān)保的概念及我國(guó)構(gòu)建讓與擔(dān)保的必要性和可行性。本部分通過(guò)大陸學(xué)界對(duì)讓與擔(dān)保的理解,指出讓與擔(dān)保是以信用為基礎(chǔ)的標(biāo)的權(quán)利的整體移轉(zhuǎn)特點(diǎn)。讓與擔(dān)保雖在我國(guó)沒(méi)有被明確立法,但在我國(guó)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)中早已存在以讓與擔(dān)保法理為基礎(chǔ)的實(shí)踐活動(dòng),如果法律不作規(guī)定,將造成法律與實(shí)踐脫節(jié),于維護(hù)經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序和法律秩序不利,因此,有必要對(duì)我國(guó)讓與擔(dān)保進(jìn)行明確立法；從對(duì)讓與擔(dān)保制度與“流質(zhì)契約”、“物權(quán)法定原則”進(jìn)行的比較,得出讓與擔(dān)保制度并不違反我國(guó)民事基本法律理論,并根據(jù)國(guó)外讓與擔(dān)保制度的成功經(jīng)驗(yàn),論證我國(guó)構(gòu)建讓與擔(dān)保制度的可行性。第二個(gè)方面為從比較法的角度對(duì)讓與擔(dān)保的進(jìn)行分析及其對(duì)構(gòu)建我國(guó)讓與擔(dān)保制度的借鑒,主要從讓與擔(dān)保的設(shè)定和效力、公示、法律構(gòu)成、規(guī)制模式等制度進(jìn)行分析,提出我國(guó)構(gòu)建讓與擔(dān)�？梢圆扇◇w系性的規(guī)制模式,將讓與擔(dān)保置于整個(gè)民商法體系內(nèi)進(jìn)行規(guī)制,以充分發(fā)揮讓與擔(dān)保制度的社會(huì)效用；第三個(gè)方面是主要論述在立法中如何構(gòu)建我國(guó)的讓與擔(dān)保度。本部分通過(guò)對(duì)德日等國(guó)家和地區(qū)讓與擔(dān)保的規(guī)制情況進(jìn)行比較、分析,通過(guò)對(duì)這些國(guó)家法律對(duì)讓與擔(dān)保的制度的具體規(guī)定及相關(guān)說(shuō)明進(jìn)行列舉,指出我國(guó)可在民法總則以及民法典物權(quán)編和債權(quán)編中對(duì)讓與擔(dān)保進(jìn)行明確規(guī)定,并草擬了相關(guān)法條,具有良好的啟發(fā)性。
[Abstract]:The system of transfer guarantee has caused considerable controversy in our country because of its unique guarantee mode and guarantee function. There are two main problems: one is the value of the transfer guarantee system, and the two is how to regulate it if it has value. In particular, the obligor means that the debtor is guaranteed to be in debt to the individual. To transfer their personal property to the name of the creditor, but usually occupies a system that does not change. The subject matter of transfer and guarantee includes chattel and pledge. The system of assignment guarantee is a new type of guarantee which has been developed to overcome the defects of the use right of the traditional guarantee system. On the one hand, he is effective. It realizes the combination of property ownership and the right to use property, is more conducive to the optimal allocation of social resources, and provides a strong guarantee for the creditor's rights. On the other hand, the transfer guarantee system meets the requirements of the market and plays a role in promoting social and economic development. Although China's legislation does not specify the system of transfer guarantee, but In our national commercial activities, it has been seen repeatedly, and it also has a great agreement with the theory of expectation right. Many civil actions based on the law of alienation and guarantee appear in the real life, and the judicial precedents involving the system of transfer guarantee are more than all in recent years with the development of the market economy. In this paper, the appropriateness, necessity and feasibility of building our country assignment guarantee system are mainly analyzed from two aspects of theory and practice. It is pointed out that our country can put the transfer guarantee system in the whole civil and commercial law system and the relevant department law to carry out systematic regulation, but not to do it. The door unified legislation, and drafted the relevant law, and provided good suggestions for the construction of the system of transfer guarantee in China. This article mainly expounds the system of transfer guarantee from three aspects. The first aspect expounds the concept of transfer guarantee and the necessity and feasibility of constructing the transfer guarantee in our country. It is pointed out that the transfer guarantee is the whole transfer characteristic of the right of the standard based on the credit. Although the transfer guarantee has not been explicitly legislates in our country, it has already existed in the social and economic activities of our country, which is based on the law of guarantee. If the law does not stipulate, it will cause the disconnection between the law and practice, and maintain the economic rank. The order and the legal order are unfavourable, therefore, it is necessary to make clear legislation on our country's transfer guarantee. From the comparison of the transfer guarantee system and the "flow quality contract" and the "legal principle of real right", it is concluded that the system of transfer guarantee does not violate the basic civil law theory of our country, and demonstrates our country according to the successful experience of the foreign transfer guarantee system. The second aspects are the analysis of the transfer guarantee from the perspective of comparative law and the reference to the construction of our country's guarantee system. It is mainly from the setting and effectiveness of the transfer guarantee, the publicity, the legal constitution, the regulation mode and so on. It is suggested that the construction of the guarantee for the construction of our country can be taken to adopt the system. The regulation mode of sexual regulation puts the transfer guarantee into the whole civil and commercial law system to make full use of the social utility of the transfer guarantee system; the third part is the main discussion on how to construct our country's degree of guarantee in the legislation. This part compares, analyzes and analyzes the regulations on the transfer of security in Germany, Japan and other countries and regions. After enumerating the specific provisions and relevant instructions of these state laws on the system of transfer and guarantee, it is pointed out that our country can clearly stipulate in the general provisions of the civil law, the real right of the civil code and the compiling of the creditor's rights, and draw up the relevant law, which is of good enlightenment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D923

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