本文選題：精神損害賠償 + 違約責(zé)任��； 參考：《山西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：飛速發(fā)展的經(jīng)濟(jì)、不斷提高的生活水平，以及逐步發(fā)展的現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)，使得人們已不只滿足于物質(zhì)生活的豐富多彩，而開始重視精神生活的歡愉，甚至有些時(shí)候?qū)窭娴淖非筮h(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過對(duì)物質(zhì)利益的享受。因此，為了適應(yīng)這種趨勢(shì)，合同的類型也開始變的越來越多，并且出現(xiàn)了許多以追求精神利益為目的的合同，例如旅游合同、婚慶合同等等。在這些合同中，作為服務(wù)的提供者違約會(huì)給對(duì)方當(dāng)事人造成極大的傷害，而這種傷害已經(jīng)不僅僅局限于物質(zhì)利益的喪失，更嚴(yán)重的是損害了當(dāng)事人的精神利益。但是，我國(guó)長(zhǎng)期以來堅(jiān)持的是，只有侵權(quán)才可以要求精神損害賠償，因此在諸如以上的合同中，當(dāng)事人因?qū)Ψ竭`約導(dǎo)致的精神損害，是無法要求對(duì)方賠償?shù)�，是無法得到救濟(jì)的。如此看來，守約方的利益將無法得以保護(hù)。不符合民法要求的公平原則，也不符合我國(guó)保護(hù)人權(quán)的原則。因此，我們非常有必要對(duì)違約能否要求精神損害賠償這一問題進(jìn)行研究，它既可以進(jìn)一步完善我國(guó)的合同法律制度，又可以指導(dǎo)司法實(shí)踐。 文章分為六個(gè)部分來對(duì)此問題加以研究。 第一部分簡(jiǎn)單的介紹了研究此問題的背景與意義，并介紹了目前我國(guó)對(duì)此問題的研究現(xiàn)狀等等。 第二部分在介紹了精神損害的概念之后，緊接著論述了精神損害賠償?shù)母拍钜约肮δ�，最后進(jìn)一步闡述了違約精神損害賠償?shù)母拍罴捌渌哂械奶卣�，可知違約精神損害賠償不僅具有一般精神損害賠償所具有的特征比如無形性以及主觀性等等，還具有自身獨(dú)有的特征如必須以合法有效的合同存在為前提，可以由當(dāng)事人約定等等，為下文詳細(xì)論述違約精神損害賠償?shù)暮侠硇缘於死碚摶A(chǔ)。 第三部分運(yùn)用比較研究方法介紹了大陸法系國(guó)家與英美法系國(guó)家對(duì)于違約能否要求精神損害賠償這一問題的態(tài)度，可以得知，不論是英美法系國(guó)家還是大陸法系國(guó)家，在此問題上都經(jīng)歷了由不承認(rèn)到承認(rèn)的過程。此外，不僅是各個(gè)國(guó)家開始承認(rèn)違約可以要求精神損害賠償，國(guó)際性立法也在此問題上采取了肯定的態(tài)度。因此，違約可以要求精神損害賠償已成為國(guó)際的立法趨勢(shì)。 第四部分運(yùn)用歷史研究方法，介紹了我國(guó)精神損害賠償制度的發(fā)展，從而獲悉違約精神損害賠償制度在我國(guó)尚缺乏具體的法律規(guī)定；之后又通過實(shí)證研究方法引入兩個(gè)判決截然相反的案例，反映出我國(guó)法院在面對(duì)此問題時(shí)所出現(xiàn)的混亂，最后介紹了我國(guó)學(xué)者在面對(duì)此問題時(shí)，大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為認(rèn)為違約不可以要求精神損害賠償，也有少部分學(xué)者采取支持態(tài)度，并且介紹了他們各自的理由。 第五部分通過反駁否定說學(xué)者的理由，得出我國(guó)有必要建立違約精神損害賠償這一制度，，之后又進(jìn)一步闡述了該制度在我國(guó)構(gòu)建的可行性。此處是本文的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)之一。 第六部分也就是文章正文的最后一部分，是對(duì)我國(guó)構(gòu)建該制度的一些可行性的建議，即違約要想提出精神損害賠償?shù)囊�，必須具備�?yán)格的構(gòu)成要件，而且對(duì)可以要求精神損害賠償?shù)暮贤M(jìn)行了類型化分析等等，這是本文的又一創(chuàng)新之處。 本文從精神損害賠償制度入手，重點(diǎn)論述了我國(guó)構(gòu)建違約精神損害賠償制度的必要性以及可行性，并針對(duì)我國(guó)如何構(gòu)建這一制度提出了具體的建議。期望可以促進(jìn)違約精神損害賠償這一制度在我國(guó)的構(gòu)建，進(jìn)而完善我國(guó)合同法律制度，促進(jìn)我國(guó)社會(huì)主義法治國(guó)家的建設(shè)。
[Abstract]:Therefore , in order to adapt to this trend , the contract types also begin to change more and more , and many contracts , such as travel contracts , wedding contracts and so on , which are aimed at the interests of the other party are not satisfied . Therefore , in order to adapt to this trend , the interests of the defaulting party can not be protected . Therefore , in order to adapt to this trend , the interests of the defaulting party can not be protected . Therefore , it is very necessary to study whether the breach can require spiritual damages . Therefore , it is necessary to further improve the contract legal system of our country and guide the judicial practice .

The article is divided into six parts to study the problem .

The first part briefly introduces the background and significance of studying the problem , and introduces the current situation and so on .

In the second part , after the introduction of the concept of mental damage , the concept and function of the moral damages are discussed . Finally , the concept of compensation for breach of contract and its characteristics are discussed . It can be concluded that the compensation for breach of contract not only has the characteristics such as intangible property , subjectivity and so on , but also has its own unique characteristics , such as the necessity of legal and effective contract existence , can be agreed by the parties , and so on , and lays a theoretical foundation for the detailed discussion of the rationality of the compensation for breach of contract .

The third part uses the comparative research method to introduce the attitude of the civil law system countries and the Anglo - American law system countries to the question whether the default can ask for spiritual damages . It can be known that whether the Anglo - American law system countries or the continental law countries have experienced the process of not recognizing to the recognition . In addition , the international legislation has taken a positive attitude on the issue , not only in the beginning of the recognition of the breach by the individual countries , but also in the international legislation . Therefore , the breach can demand that moral damages have become the international legislative trend .

The fourth part uses the historical research method to introduce the development of the system of moral damage compensation in our country , so as to learn that the system of compensation for compensation for breach of contract lacks specific legal provisions in our country ;
After that , we introduce the case of the opposite of the two decisions by the empirical research method , which reflects the confusion of our court in the face of the problem , and finally introduces the scholars of our country in the face of this problem , most people think that the breach of contract can not require spiritual damages , but also some scholars adopt support attitude , and introduce their respective reasons .

The fifth part , by refuting the author ' s reasons , concludes that it is necessary to establish the system of compensation for compensation for breach of contract , then further expounds the feasibility of the system in our country . This is one of the innovation points in this paper .

The sixth part is the last part of the text of the article , which is the suggestion of the feasibility of constructing the system in our country , that is , it is necessary to put forward the requirement of moral damage compensation , and must have strict constitutive requirements , and carry out typed analysis on the contract which can request moral damages and so on , which is another innovation of this article .

This paper discusses the necessity and feasibility of constructing the system of compensation for breach of contract in our country from the system of moral damage compensation , and puts forward some concrete suggestions on how to construct this system in our country . It is expected that the system should be constructed in our country to promote the construction of the system of contract law in our country and promote the construction of our country ' s socialist country of law .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D923.6

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本文編號(hào)：1944420