本文選題：消費者 + 后悔權��； 參考：《華中師范大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：生活在地球上的人群,盡管其出生、年齡、性別、民族、職業(yè)、宗教信仰、受教育程度、財產(chǎn)狀況等各不相同,但所有的人群在市場上則只有消費者和經(jīng)營者之區(qū)別。這兩種人群在權益上是根本對立的,即經(jīng)營者是以追求利益最大化為目的,往往會損害消費者的合法權益,而消費者則以購買價廉物美的商品和接受價廉優(yōu)質(zhì)的服務為目的,對經(jīng)營者提出各種要求。當二者之間的利益沖突無法調(diào)和時,則需要國家公權力介入其中進行協(xié)調(diào),消費者權益保護法則正是協(xié)調(diào)經(jīng)營者與消費者之間的利益沖突的產(chǎn)物。隨著以人為本的立法理念和保護弱者權益原則逐漸被各國立法與司法實踐不同程度地接受,各國消費者權益保護法的內(nèi)容也在悄然地發(fā)生變化：為了最大限度地保護消費者的合法權益,在賦予消費者諸多權益的同時,新近一些國家的消費者權益保護法紛紛規(guī)定消費者享有后悔權。我國立法機關認真審視了當代各國消費者權益保護法的這一變化,于2013年修改的《中華人民共和國消費者權益保護法》(以下簡稱《消法》)時也明確規(guī)定了消費者享有后悔權。然而,消費者的該項權利勢必與經(jīng)營者的經(jīng)營權之間發(fā)生激烈的沖突。如何協(xié)調(diào)上述兩種權利的沖突,客觀地擺到了法學理論工作者和司法實踐的面前。但由于新《消法》實施的時間甚短,迄今為止,學界對消費者后悔權與經(jīng)營者經(jīng)營權之沖突應當如何協(xié)調(diào)尚缺乏具體的研究�；诖�,本文以“論消費者的后悔權與經(jīng)營者經(jīng)營權之沖突與協(xié)調(diào)”作為選題,并立足于消費者后悔權的基本理論之闡釋,剖析消費者后悔權與經(jīng)營者經(jīng)營權之沖突的表現(xiàn)和原因,就如何進一步完善我國相關法律以妥善協(xié)調(diào)后悔權與經(jīng)營權之沖突進行探討。企盼能對我國《消費者權益保護法》的充分實施和妥善處理消費者與經(jīng)營者之間的權利義務關系以及促進我國社會主義市場經(jīng)濟的健康、穩(wěn)定、和諧發(fā)展有所裨益。全文除引言外,主要包括三個部分：第一部分,闡釋消費者后悔權的基本理論。首先,闡述消費者后悔權的含義和特征。所謂消費者的后悔權,是指消費者在商品交易合同履行完畢之后的一定期限內(nèi)享有的無條件解除合同即退貨的權利。消費者后悔權具有如下基本特征：它具有法定性；它具有無因性；它屬于形成權；它的行使具有免責性。其次,論述消費者后悔權的理論依據(jù)。之所以諸多國家的法律規(guī)定消費者享有后悔權,主要是基于如下理論依據(jù)：保護弱者合法權益原則；維護市場秩序原則；平等互利原則。第二部分,剖析消費者后悔權與經(jīng)營者經(jīng)營權之沖突的原因。消費者與經(jīng)營者作為對立關系的統(tǒng)一整體,決定了消費者后悔權與經(jīng)營者經(jīng)營權之間必然存在著矛盾和沖突,產(chǎn)生此種沖突的原因固然是多方面的,但最主要的原因應當是：市場經(jīng)濟不同主體的利益沖突之使然；消費者權益保護法的宗旨之使然；消費市場從賣方市場向買方市場轉(zhuǎn)變的結果。正是消費者及其權利與經(jīng)營者及其權利的沖突與博弈推動了市場經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和人類社會的文明與進步。第三部分,論述協(xié)調(diào)消費者后悔權與經(jīng)營者經(jīng)營權之沖突的意義及相關立法完善。協(xié)調(diào)消費者后悔權與經(jīng)營者經(jīng)營權之沖突的意義主要體現(xiàn)在：有利于節(jié)約資源；有利于維護良好的市場秩序；有利于促進社會的不斷進步；有利于順應國際形勢的發(fā)展趨勢。協(xié)調(diào)消費者后悔權與經(jīng)營者經(jīng)營權之沖突的立法完善應當從以下入手：明確規(guī)定消費者后悔權的行使范圍；規(guī)定消費者后悔權的行使期限；規(guī)定消費者后悔權的行使方式；規(guī)定消費者后悔權的除外；規(guī)定濫用消費者后悔權的法律責任。只有制定良好的協(xié)調(diào)消費者后悔權與經(jīng)營者經(jīng)營權之沖突的法律規(guī)則,才能在切實保護消費者合法權益的同時,維護經(jīng)營者正當?shù)臋嗬屠妗?br/>[Abstract]:In order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers , the consumer ' s rights and interests protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers .
It has no cause ;
It belongs to the right of formation ;
Secondly , it discusses the theory basis of consumer regret right . The law of many countries stipulates that consumers enjoy the right of regret , mainly based on the following theoretical basis : protecting the legal rights and interests of the weak ;
Maintain the principle of market order ;
The second part , analyzes the causes of the conflict between consumers ' regret right and the operator ' s right of business . As a whole , consumers and operators , as a whole , decide that there is inevitable contradiction and conflict between consumers ' regret right and the operator ' s right of business , and the causes of such conflicts are manifold , but the main reason should be : the conflict of interest of different subjects of market economy ;
The purpose of the Law on the Protection of Consumer Rights and Interests ;
The conflict and game between consumers and their rights and operators and their rights drive the development of market economy and the civilization and progress of human society .
It is conducive to the maintenance of good market order ;
is conducive to the continuous progress of society ;
It is conducive to the development trend of the international situation . The legislative perfection of coordinating the conflict between consumers ' regret right and the operator ' s right of operation should begin with the following : explicit stipulation of the scope of consumer regret right ;
stipulate the period of exercise of the right of consumer regret ;
The mode of exercise of the right to regret the consumer ' s regret ;
Except for the right of consumers to regret ;
In order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers , it is necessary to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the operators while protecting the legitimate rights and interests of consumers .
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D923.8
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本文編號：1930023