發(fā)布時間：2018-05-17 17:16

  本文選題：物之瑕疵擔(dān)保責(zé)任 + 違約責(zé)任�。� 參考：《揚州大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：買賣是最頻繁的市場現(xiàn)象,它主要是通過買賣合同實現(xiàn)的。買賣合同在社會經(jīng)濟(jì)生活中是最常見、最基本、最典型的商品交換的形式和法律關(guān)系。其中,物之瑕疵、權(quán)利瑕疵與危險轉(zhuǎn)移三者構(gòu)成買賣合同規(guī)定的三個重點。①瑕疵擔(dān)保責(zé)任起源于羅馬法,該制度自產(chǎn)生之日起即在穩(wěn)定交易關(guān)系、維護(hù)交易公正方面發(fā)揮著重要的作用。但是隨著社會進(jìn)步、技術(shù)發(fā)展和商品流轉(zhuǎn)加快,商品交易日趨多元化與復(fù)雜化,操作較為繁瑣的物之瑕疵擔(dān)保責(zé)任制度在保證交易安全便捷方面開始有些力不從心。特別是2002年《德國債法現(xiàn)代化法》的頒布,德國法上的物之瑕疵擔(dān)保責(zé)任被整合到一般給付保障法之中,②物之瑕疵擔(dān)保責(zé)任整合于一般違約責(zé)任之中。此時,物之瑕疵擔(dān)保責(zé)任的獨立性遭到了空前嚴(yán)重的質(zhì)疑,引發(fā)了是否有必要堅持下去的思考。本文結(jié)合國內(nèi)外的立法現(xiàn)狀和經(jīng)驗以及我國理論、立法與司法實踐,分析和闡述我國物之瑕疵擔(dān)保責(zé)任的最終歸屬即物之瑕疵擔(dān)保責(zé)任定位。就其與違約責(zé)任的關(guān)系,我國則采取整合模式,即將物之瑕疵擔(dān)保責(zé)任統(tǒng)合與違約責(zé)任之中,但仍然保持其一定的特殊性在解決其定位定性的問題基礎(chǔ)上,則著重分析和提出修繕物之瑕疵擔(dān)保責(zé)任的路徑方案,主要確定了瑕疵認(rèn)定方式的合理化、物之瑕疵范圍的擴(kuò)大化、買受人檢驗通知義務(wù)的縮減化、買受人“明知失權(quán)”原則的限制化以及救濟(jì)方式的法定化和層次化這五種解決路徑。本文分別詳細(xì)闡釋和論證了這五種方法的必要性和可行性,希望從客觀實際的角度,來完善我國違約責(zé)任體系下物之瑕疵擔(dān)保責(zé)任的相關(guān)立法。從而促使生產(chǎn)企業(yè)履行其保證與提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的社會職責(zé),進(jìn)而從根本上使得消費者的權(quán)益得到應(yīng)有的保障,推動消費生產(chǎn)關(guān)系的和諧、穩(wěn)定。保證消費者與生產(chǎn)、銷售者處于相對平等的法律狀態(tài),同時也兼顧買賣合同的公平公正。最終促使我國市場交易體制的自我完善與發(fā)展,讓誠實信用真真實實地貫徹到商品買賣交易中,從而穩(wěn)定和發(fā)展具有中國特色的社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制,鞏固和繁榮我國的經(jīng)濟(jì)。
[Abstract]:Buying and selling is the most frequent market phenomenon, it is mainly realized through the contract of sale. Sale and purchase contract is the most common, basic and typical form and legal relationship of commodity exchange in social and economic life. Among them, the defects of things, the defects of rights and the transfer of risks constitute the three key points of the contract of sale and purchase. 1. The liability for guarantee of defects originates from the Roman law, and the system has been in the stable transaction relationship since the date of its emergence. It plays an important role in safeguarding the fairness of the transaction. However, with the progress of society, the development of technology and the acceleration of commodity circulation, commodity trading is becoming more and more diversified and complicated. In particular, with the promulgation of the German Law on the Modernization of the German debt Law in 2002, the liability for defective warranty in German law was integrated into the general law of payment protection and the liability for defective security of things was integrated into the general liability for breach of contract. At this time, the independence of warranty liability for defects has been seriously questioned, causing whether it is necessary to persist. Based on the domestic and foreign legislative situation and experience as well as our country's theory, legislation and judicial practice, this paper analyzes and expounds the ultimate attribution of the imperfection guarantee liability in our country, that is, the localization of the imperfection guarantee liability. With regard to the relationship between the liability for breach of contract and the liability for breach of contract, our country adopts the mode of integration, that is, the liability for imperfection guarantee and the liability for breach of contract, but still maintains its particularity on the basis of solving the problem of positioning and characterization. Then the paper analyzes and puts forward the path scheme of warranty liability for defects of the repair, mainly determines the rationalization of the way of defect identification, the expansion of the scope of defects of the property, and the reduction of the obligation of the buyer to inspect the notice. The limitation of the principle of "knowing loss of right" and the legalization and stratification of relief are the five ways to solve the problem. This paper explains and proves the necessity and feasibility of these five methods in detail, hoping to perfect the relevant legislation of the imperfection guarantee liability under the liability system of breach of contract in our country from the angle of objective reality. In order to promote the production enterprises to fulfill their social responsibility to ensure and improve the quality of products, thus fundamentally make the rights and interests of consumers to be guaranteed, promote the harmony and stability of consumer relations of production. To ensure that consumers and producers and sellers are in a relatively equal legal state, and at the same time give consideration to the fairness and fairness of the contract of sale and purchase. In the end, it will promote the self-improvement and development of the market trading system in our country, so that honesty and credit can be truly implemented in commodity trading transactions, thereby stabilizing and developing the socialist market economy system with Chinese characteristics. Consolidate and prosper our economy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：D923.6

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本文編號：1902198