本文選題：冷靜期制度 + 制度缺陷�。� 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：2014年3月15日我國(guó)新《消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)法》正式實(shí)施，其第二十五條成為這次修改最大的亮點(diǎn)，規(guī)定：“經(jīng)營(yíng)者采用網(wǎng)絡(luò)、電視、電話、郵購(gòu)等方式銷售商品，消費(fèi)者有權(quán)自收到商品之日起七日內(nèi)退貨，，且無(wú)需說(shuō)明理由，但下列商品除外：（一）消費(fèi)者定作的；（二）鮮活易腐的；（三）在線下載或者消費(fèi)者拆封的音像制品、計(jì)算機(jī)軟件等數(shù)字化商品；（四）交付的報(bào)紙、期刊。除前款所列商品外，其他根據(jù)商品性質(zhì)并經(jīng)消費(fèi)者在購(gòu)買時(shí)確認(rèn)不宜退貨的商品，不適用無(wú)理由退貨。消費(fèi)者退貨的商品應(yīng)當(dāng)完好。經(jīng)營(yíng)者應(yīng)自收到退回商品之日起七日內(nèi)返還消費(fèi)者支付的商品價(jià)款。退回商品的運(yùn)費(fèi)由消費(fèi)者承擔(dān)；經(jīng)營(yíng)者和消費(fèi)者另有約定的除外�！边@一條款的增加使得爭(zhēng)議已久的“無(wú)理由退貨”成為現(xiàn)實(shí)，消費(fèi)者冷靜期制度在我國(guó)立法中正式確定。 消費(fèi)者冷靜期制度是指在買賣雙方簽訂合同后的一定時(shí)間內(nèi)，消費(fèi)者可以無(wú)須經(jīng)營(yíng)者同意而解除合同，不必承擔(dān)任何違約責(zé)任。它具有法定性、無(wú)因性、主體的單一性、適用范圍的特定性、行使后果的免責(zé)性及行使的自力性等特征。建立在“有限理性”、“實(shí)質(zhì)平等”、“契約自由”等理論基礎(chǔ)上的消費(fèi)者冷靜期制度旨在給予消費(fèi)者一定程度的傾斜保護(hù)，在消費(fèi)者權(quán)益和經(jīng)營(yíng)者的利益之間尋求平衡。 新《消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)法》第二十五條所規(guī)定的消費(fèi)者冷靜期制度是我國(guó)立法在消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)道路上的一大進(jìn)步，彌補(bǔ)了遠(yuǎn)程交易中消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)的不足。遺憾的是，這項(xiàng)制度的立法規(guī)定還比較粗糙，如“商品完好”、“不宜退貨”釋義不明、界定不清，給消費(fèi)者和經(jīng)營(yíng)者留下爭(zhēng)議的空間；同時(shí)也存在相關(guān)適用細(xì)則缺失的問(wèn)題如“如何界定七日的起算時(shí)間”、“通知經(jīng)營(yíng)者退貨的方式”等易于導(dǎo)致消費(fèi)者在行使權(quán)利時(shí)缺少足夠的法律支撐。在此條款中，將消費(fèi)者可以“無(wú)理由退貨”的適用范圍限定在了網(wǎng)絡(luò)、電視、電話、郵購(gòu)等交易領(lǐng)域，涵蓋領(lǐng)域相對(duì)較窄，與國(guó)外相關(guān)制度的先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)相比仍有一定差距。 消費(fèi)者冷靜期制度在我國(guó)剛剛確立，存在一定的缺陷是無(wú)法避免的，需要一個(gè)逐步與網(wǎng)絡(luò)交易現(xiàn)實(shí)相適應(yīng)的過(guò)程。鑒于上述存在的問(wèn)題，筆者認(rèn)為可以通過(guò)下列措施來(lái)彌補(bǔ)：引入誠(chéng)實(shí)信用原則，引導(dǎo)買賣雙方誠(chéng)實(shí)守信，經(jīng)營(yíng)者誠(chéng)信經(jīng)營(yíng)，消費(fèi)者不濫用權(quán)利；細(xì)化適用規(guī)則，將買賣雙方可能產(chǎn)生爭(zhēng)議的規(guī)則進(jìn)行明確規(guī)定，減少雙方糾紛；構(gòu)建輔助性制度，給予消費(fèi)者冷靜期制度其他層面的保障。
[Abstract]:On March 15, 2014, the new Consumer Rights and interests Protection Law was formally implemented in China, and Article 25 of the Law became the biggest highlight of the amendment, which stipulates: "Business operators sell commodities by means of network, television, telephone, mail order, etc. The consumer shall have the right to return the goods within seven days from the date of receipt of the goods, except for the following commodities, other than those ordered by the consumer: (1) fresh and perishable products, (3) audio-visual products downloaded online or unsealed by consumers, Computer software and other digital commodities (4) delivery of newspapers, periodicals. In addition to the commodities listed in the preceding paragraph, other commodities which are not suitable for return according to the nature of the goods and have been confirmed by the consumer at the time of purchase shall not be applicable to the goods returned without any reason. The goods returned by consumers should be in good condition. The operator shall return the commodity price paid by the consumer within seven days from the date of receipt of the returned goods. The freight for the returned goods shall be borne by the consumer, unless otherwise agreed upon by the operator and the consumer. " The increase of this clause makes the controversial "unjustified return" a reality, and the system of consumer cooling-off period is formally established in our country's legislation. The consumer cooling-off period system means that the consumer can terminate the contract without the consent of the operator within a certain time after the buyer and seller sign the contract, and they do not have to bear any liability for breach of contract. It has the characteristics of legality, uncausality, the singularity of the subject, the specificity of the scope of application, the exemption from the consequences of exercise and the independence of the exercise. Based on the theories of "limited rationality", "substantial equality" and "freedom of contract", the system of consumer cooling-off period aims at giving consumers a certain degree of protection and seeking a balance between the interests of consumers and the interests of operators. The system of consumer cooling-off period stipulated in Article 25 of the new Consumer Rights and interests Protection Law is a great progress of our country's legislation on the road of consumer rights and interests protection and makes up for the deficiency of consumer rights and interests protection in remote trading. Unfortunately, the legislative provisions of this system are still relatively rough, such as "good commodity", "unfavorable return" interpretation is unclear, the definition is not clear, leaving the consumer and business operators controversial space; At the same time, there are some problems such as "how to define the starting time of seven days" and "how to notify the operator to return the goods", which can lead to the lack of sufficient legal support when consumers exercise their rights. In this article, the application scope of consumers can return goods without reason is limited to the network, television, telephone, mail order and other transaction fields, covering a relatively narrow field, compared with the advanced experience of foreign related systems, there is still a certain gap. The system of consumer cooling-off period has just been established in our country, there are certain defects that can not be avoided, it needs a process that adapts to the reality of network transaction step by step. In view of the above existing problems, the author thinks that the following measures can be adopted: introducing the principle of good faith, guiding the buyer and seller to be honest and trustworthy, managing in good faith, and consumers not abusing their rights; refining the applicable rules. The rules that the buyer and the seller may have disputes are clearly stipulated to reduce the disputes between the two parties and to construct the auxiliary system to give consumers the protection of other aspects of the cooling-off period system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D923.8

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 金勵(lì);;消費(fèi)者商品交易反悔權(quán)之研究[J];重慶交通大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2007年01期

2 張靖;;英國(guó)冷卻期制度的立法探究及啟示[J];長(zhǎng)沙理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2011年03期

3 孫良國(guó);;消費(fèi)者何以有撤回權(quán)[J];當(dāng)代法學(xué);2011年06期

4 汪傳才;;分時(shí)度假的消費(fèi)者保護(hù)初探[J];法律科學(xué).西北政法學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2006年04期

5 王洪亮;;消費(fèi)者撤回權(quán)的正當(dāng)性基礎(chǔ)[J];法學(xué);2010年12期

6 李原;;建立冷靜期制度完善我國(guó)消費(fèi)者保護(hù)法律體系[J];法制與社會(huì);2011年09期

7 彭梓鈴;;建立消費(fèi)者后悔權(quán)制度的理論分析[J];中國(guó)工商管理研究;2013年06期

8 楊立新;;非傳統(tǒng)銷售方式購(gòu)買商品的消費(fèi)者反悔權(quán)及其適用[J];法學(xué);2014年02期

9 劉俊海;徐海燕;;論消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)理念的升華與制度創(chuàng)新——以我國(guó)《消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)法》修改為中心[J];法學(xué)雜志;2013年05期

10 馮玉軍;林海;;我國(guó)消費(fèi)者權(quán)利保護(hù)體系完善研究——基于消協(xié)組織投訴受理情況與典型案例的實(shí)證分析[J];法學(xué)雜志;2014年01期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 盧春榮;消費(fèi)者撤回權(quán)制度比較研究[D];復(fù)旦大學(xué);2012年

2 張靖;我國(guó)消費(fèi)者保護(hù)中的冷卻期制度研究[D];湖南大學(xué);2011年

本文編號(hào)：1894764