本文選題：一房多賣　切入點：合同效力　出處：《黑龍江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：“一物數(shù)賣,自古有之”,隨著我國市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的飛速發(fā)展,與日俱增的大量私有房產(chǎn)的交易同樣帶來了大量的經(jīng)濟(jì)糾紛,一些人盲目追求利益最大化,“罔顧信用,圖謀私利”,導(dǎo)致一房多賣的情況屢禁不止。出現(xiàn)這種結(jié)果,根本原因莫過于在交易中如何區(qū)分不動產(chǎn)物權(quán)和債權(quán)、如何認(rèn)定由同一不動產(chǎn)產(chǎn)生的數(shù)個買賣合同效力以及如何確定不動產(chǎn)物權(quán)的歸屬。在同一個買賣合同中,因物權(quán)與債權(quán)不同的區(qū)分方式,導(dǎo)致多個買賣合同的效力不盡相同。因物權(quán)變動模式不同,又導(dǎo)致最終的房屋物權(quán)歸屬不同。也正因為在一房多賣案件中,涉及多種法律關(guān)系、多個交易主體和多種利益需求,才更要求司法實務(wù)界及理論界在物權(quán)變動問題和債權(quán)效力問題中進(jìn)行利益權(quán)衡和取舍,以此解決交易中所發(fā)生的各種利益矛盾。為此,本文以案例分析的形式展開討論,借助于因付某一房多賣行為而引發(fā)的何某訴劉某侵權(quán)糾紛案的兩審判決結(jié)果,具體分析了一房多賣中的兩大突出法律問題——后形成的買賣合同的效力和物權(quán)變動規(guī)則。本文共五部分,結(jié)構(gòu)如下：引言部分簡要說明了本文寫作的起因、目的以及我國立法對此問題的研究現(xiàn)狀和本文論述的現(xiàn)實意義。正文第一部分簡要介紹了本文據(jù)以研究的案例及兩審法院作出的不同判決結(jié)果,并由此總結(jié)出本文重點論述的兩點爭議焦點,最后淺析了一房多賣的產(chǎn)生原因。正文第二、三部分就前文歸納的兩點爭議焦點展開了詳細(xì)的論述。其中,第二部分論述了后形成買賣合同的效力問題,通過分別闡述無效說和效力待定說的觀點和不足,進(jìn)而集中論述了有效說的理論依據(jù)。第三部分通過簡介大陸法系物權(quán)變動模式引出我國采取的物權(quán)變動模式和選擇該模式的原因,最后根據(jù)我國的物權(quán)變動模式歸納出七種情況下一房多賣房屋所有權(quán)歸屬。兩部分的最后都結(jié)合案例進(jìn)行了評析了兩審法官的選擇。結(jié)論部分在對全文進(jìn)行小結(jié)的同時,提出了對立法和司法實踐中的若干意見,以期待本文能為解決一房多賣問題有所裨益。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's market economy, the increasing number of private property transactions have also brought a large number of economic disputes.To seek personal gain ", resulting in a more than the sale of housing situation repeatedly prohibited.The basic reason is how to distinguish between real property and creditor's right, how to determine the validity of several sales contracts produced by the same real estate and how to determine the ownership of real estate.In the same contract of sale, because of the difference between real right and creditor's right, the effectiveness of multiple contracts is different.Because the real right change mode is different, also causes the final house property right to belong to different.It is also because of the multiple legal relations, multiple transaction subjects and various interest needs in the case of multi-sale of one house that the judicial practice and the theoretical circle are required to weigh and choose the interests between the real right change and the validity of the creditor's rights.In order to resolve the transaction occurred in various conflicts of interest.Therefore, in the form of a case study, this paper discusses the outcome of the second instance judgment in the case of he Mou v. Liu Mou's tort dispute caused by the overselling of a house.This paper analyzes the two outstanding legal problems in the overselling of one house-the validity of the contract of sale and the rules of the change of real right.There are five parts in this paper. The structure is as follows: the introduction briefly explains the origin, the purpose of this article, the present situation of our country's legislation on this issue and the practical significance of this paper.The first part of the text briefly introduces the case on which this article is based and the different judgments made by the court of second instance, and sums up the two focal points of dispute discussed in this paper. Finally, the author analyzes the reasons for more sale of one house.The second and third parts of the text discuss the two controversial points summarized above in detail.Among them, the second part discusses the effect of the formation of the contract of sale and purchase, and then focuses on the theoretical basis of the effective theory by expounding the views and deficiencies of the theory of invalidity and the theory of validity to be determined.The third part induces the mode of real right change and the reason of choosing this mode by introducing the mode of real right change in civil law system. Finally, according to the mode of real right change in our country, we conclude the ownership of one house selling more houses under seven kinds of circumstances.At the end of the two parts, the author evaluates the choice of the two-instance judge in combination with the case.The conclusion part summarizes the whole paper and puts forward some suggestions on legislation and judicial practice in order to hope that this paper can be helpful to solve the problem of one house selling more.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：黑龍江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D923.6

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