本文選題：快遞服務(wù)　切入點：消費者權(quán)益　出處：《西南大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著社會與科技的不斷發(fā)展,人們的消費方式越來越多樣化。網(wǎng)絡(luò)購物儼然發(fā)展為人們生活中不可或缺的一部分,網(wǎng)絡(luò)購物的高效性與便捷性極大地簡化了消費者的交易行為。但與傳統(tǒng)消費不同,網(wǎng)絡(luò)消費中的商品大部分并不能直接交付給消費者,需要快遞企業(yè)來承擔這個“橋梁”工作完成后期的交付,于是伴隨網(wǎng)購交易量的迅速增長,快遞企業(yè)也呈現(xiàn)異軍突起之勢。然而在快遞服務(wù)交易量不斷攀升的同時,快遞企業(yè)侵害消費者權(quán)益的現(xiàn)象也在頻頻發(fā)生。目前,快遞服務(wù)中消費者權(quán)益受到侵害的主要表現(xiàn):快遞服務(wù)中消費者的人身權(quán)安全和財產(chǎn)安全、公平交易權(quán)、求償權(quán)得不到保障,以及消費者個人信息安全得不到保護等等。面對遞服務(wù)業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,為加強對快遞行業(yè)的規(guī)范和引導(dǎo),我國在2009年修改了《中華人民共和國郵政法》(以下簡稱《郵政法》),后續(xù)也出臺了《快遞服務(wù)》系列國家標準以及《快遞市場管理辦法》等法律法規(guī)。雖然在一定程度上對快遞行業(yè)的行為起到了規(guī)制作用,但是法律法規(guī)分布過于分散缺乏系統(tǒng)性、立法層級較低、效力不強,在保護快遞服務(wù)中消費者的權(quán)益方面仍然是存在諸多不足。加之快遞服務(wù)中消費者法律地位的不明確、快遞服務(wù)合同中不公平格式條款的存在、舉證困難難等原因使得消費者的維權(quán)之路困難重重。因此,為了維護快遞服務(wù)中消費者的合法權(quán)益,我們首先需要研究和出臺一部專門性、系統(tǒng)性和立法層次高的規(guī)范性文件,為快遞服務(wù)中消費者的維權(quán)提供法律依據(jù):其次要明確快遞服務(wù)中消費者的地位、規(guī)范快遞服務(wù)合同中的格式條款和合理分配舉證責任,以便于暢通消費者的維權(quán)途徑;最后還應(yīng)采取其他措施加強對快遞行業(yè)監(jiān)管,提高快遞服務(wù)的服務(wù)質(zhì)量,更好的保障快遞服務(wù)中消費者的合法權(quán)益。本文分為四個部分進行論述,包括以下內(nèi)容:第一部分,對快遞服務(wù)中消費者權(quán)益保護的基本理論進行的梳理。首先對快遞服務(wù)的內(nèi)涵進行界定,然后分析快遞服務(wù)合同的性質(zhì)及法律關(guān)系的內(nèi)容,探析快遞服務(wù)中消費者的身份及其權(quán)益的特殊性,并對快遞服務(wù)中消費者權(quán)益受到損害的表現(xiàn)進行分析。第二部分,主要分析我國快遞服務(wù)行業(yè)立法現(xiàn)狀及實踐方面存在的問題。通過對我國快遞服務(wù)中消費者權(quán)益保護的立法進行梳理和總結(jié),掌握現(xiàn)階段我國立法狀況,分析我國相關(guān)立法以及實踐中存在的主要問題。第三部分,介紹域外典型國家關(guān)于快遞服務(wù)中消費者權(quán)益保護的立法實踐以及對我國的啟示。對美國、德國、日本等典型的國家關(guān)于快遞服務(wù)中消費者權(quán)益保護的立法及實踐進行介紹,進而分析它們在制定專項性法律和獨立的監(jiān)管機構(gòu)等方面對我國的借鑒意義。第四部分,根據(jù)我國的立法和實踐現(xiàn)狀,提出完善我國快遞服務(wù)中消費者權(quán)益法律保護的對策建議。相應(yīng)的完善建議和對策包括:加快出臺《快遞條例》,為行業(yè)規(guī)制提供法律依據(jù);提高快遞服務(wù)質(zhì)量,保障消費者的安全權(quán);規(guī)范快遞服務(wù)合同,維護消費者的公平交易權(quán);合理分配舉證責任,保障消費者的求償權(quán);保護快遞服務(wù)中消費者權(quán)益的其他建議。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of society and technology, people's consumption patterns become more and more diversified. The network shopping has development as an essential part of people's life, high efficiency and convenience of online shopping greatly simplifies the transaction behavior of consumers. But unlike traditional consumption, network consumption in most commodities can not be directly delivered to the consumer that need to express enterprises to bear the "bridge" work completed late delivery, and with the rapid growth of online shopping transactions, courier companies also showed a trend. However A new force suddenly rises. courier services in the trading volume continues to rise at the same time, courier companies against the interests of consumers in the phenomenon also occurred frequently. At present, mainly express the interests of consumers the service is infringed: consumers express service in personal rights and property safety, even bargain right, right of claim is not guaranteed, Consumer and personal information security can not be protected and so on. With the rapid development of delivery service industry, in order to strengthen the regulation and guidance of the express industry, our country revised Postal Law > < People's Republic of China in 2009 (hereinafter referred to as the "postal law"), the follow-up also introduced the express service national standard < > and < series of measures express market management "and other laws and regulations. Although to a certain extent to the express industry behavior plays a regulatory role, but laws and regulations are too scattered and lack of systematic distribution, the legislative level is low and the effect is not strong, the interests of consumers in the protection of the express service is still a lot of shortcomings. And the legal status of consumers express service in the not clear, unfair terms of format contract delivery service in the presence of the burden of proof is difficult to reason the road makes consumer rights difficult. Therefore, in order to maintain the courier service In the legitimate rights and interests of consumers, we need to study and introduce a special first, normative documents system and legislative level, to provide a legal basis for consumer rights: courier service in the second to clear the status of consumer courier services, courier service contract terms of format specification and reasonable allocation of the burden of proof in to facilitate the flow of consumers rights way; finally it should take other measures to strengthen the supervision of the courier industry, improve the service quality of express service, consumers better safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the express service. This paper is divided into four parts, including the following: the first part, the basic theory of consumer rights protection in the courier service combing. Defines firstly the courier service, and then analyzes the nature and legal relationship of express service contract content, a discussion on the courier service The special identity and the rights and interests of consumers in the analysis, and the damage to the consumer rights and interests in the express service performance. The second part mainly analyzes the legislative status and practice of the courier service industry in China. Through the review and summary of China's express service consumer rights protection legislation in our country, master the legislative present situation, analyses the main problems exist in our legislation and practice. The third part introduces the legislative practice on consumer rights protection in the express service of foreign typical countries and Its Enlightenment to China. The United States, Germany, Japan and other countries in the legislation and practice of the typical on consumer rights and interests protection in the courier service in the introduction, then analyze their regulatory agencies to formulate special laws and independent aspects of the significance to our country. The fourth part, according to China's legislation Current law and practice, put forward some suggestions to improve the legal protection of consumer rights in China's express delivery service. Including the corresponding suggestions and Countermeasures: accelerate the introduction of "express Ordinance, to provide a legal basis for industry regulation; improve the quality of service delivery, consumer protection and security; standardize the courier service contract, maintaining the right of consumers even bargain; the reasonable allocation of the burden of proof, guarantee the right of consumers; other suggestions for protecting consumers rights and interests in the courier service.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D923.8

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