本文選題：商標　切入點：商標合理使用　出處：《中國政法大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：本文從商標合理使用的基本理論問題著手,探討商標合理使用的概念、本質(zhì)和法律地位,論述商標合理使用的理論基礎,闡述不同合理使用類型的起源、概念和特征。在正確理解合理使用的基礎上,本文嘗試重新界定合理使用的判斷要素,厘清合理使用與混淆可能性和商標淡化的關系,以明確合理使用的判斷標準。通過梳理我國的立法情況和影響較大的相關案例,探討我國商標合理使用制度的現(xiàn)狀,在分析美國和歐盟等國家和地區(qū)的立法實踐和典型案例、借鑒其先進經(jīng)驗的基礎上,提出完善我國商標合理使用制度的建議,以期為我國商標法律制度的完善提供參考。文章共分為四個部分:第一部分是商標合理使用的基礎理論問題概述,包括合理使用的概念、本質(zhì)、法律地位和理論基礎。本文通過梳理不同國家和地區(qū)的相關法律規(guī)定,借鑒我國學者的不同觀點,重新總結了商標合理使用的定義。商標合理使用的本質(zhì)是非商標性使用,是對商標使用這一概念的強調(diào)。作為一種積極抗辯,合理使用對正確判定侵權、提高商標侵權案件的訴訟效率具有重要意義。本文從限制商標權、維護消費者利益、促進市場競爭的角度論述了合理使用的正當性,指出合理使用在維持利益平衡、維護正常的市場秩序中的重要作用。第二部分是商標合理使用的類型。按照不同的標準,可以將合理使用劃分為不同的類型。本文以合理使用的形式為依據(jù),將合理使用分為敘述性合理使用、指示性合理使用、滑稽模仿、新聞報道和評論、字典收錄五類,分別介紹了這幾種合理使用的起源、概念、特征等。第三部分是商標合理使用的判斷標準。本文認為,商標合理使用的判斷標準不是一成不變的,需要根據(jù)個案靈活運用,故提出從使用意圖、使用方式、使用對象等具體要素著手,綜合判斷合理使用是否成立。隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展,網(wǎng)絡環(huán)境中涉及合理使用的商標案件也不斷增加。網(wǎng)絡環(huán)境下的合理使用與傳統(tǒng)商業(yè)環(huán)境下的合理使用既有本質(zhì)上的相同之處,又在使用方式上有其自身特點,需要加以明確。第四部分是我國商標合理使用制度的現(xiàn)狀與完善。本文梳理了我國在商標合理使用方面的法律規(guī)定,并對最高人民法院公報案例中關于合理使用的案件進行了整理和分析,總結我國合理使用的立法和司法現(xiàn)狀。針對我國存在的現(xiàn)實問題,本文從立法方面、司法方面和理論研究方面分別提出建議,希望商標合理使用制度能夠更好的在我國商標法律實踐中發(fā)揮作用。
[Abstract]:This paper discusses the concept, essence and legal status of the rational use of trademarks, discusses the theoretical basis of the rational use of trademarks, and expounds the origin of different types of rational use of trademarks. On the basis of a correct understanding of rational use, this paper attempts to redefine the judgment elements of rational use and clarify the relationship between rational use, confusion possibility and trademark dilution. Through combing the legislative situation of our country and related cases with great influence, this paper discusses the current situation of the fair use of trademark in our country, and analyzes the legislative practice and typical cases of countries and regions such as the United States and the European Union. On the basis of its advanced experience, some suggestions are put forward to improve the system of rational use of trademarks in China. The article is divided into four parts: the first part is an overview of the basic theoretical issues of the rational use of trademarks, including the concept of rational use, essence, Legal status and theoretical basis. By combing the relevant laws and regulations of different countries and regions and drawing on the different viewpoints of Chinese scholars, this paper resums up the definition of fair use of trademark. The essence of rational use of trademark is non-trademark use. As an active defense, reasonable use is of great significance to the correct judgment of infringement and the improvement of the efficiency of litigation in trademark infringement cases. From the angle of promoting market competition, this paper discusses the legitimacy of rational use, and points out that reasonable use plays an important role in maintaining the balance of interests and maintaining normal market order. The second part is the types of rational use of trademarks. Reasonable use can be divided into different types. Based on the form of rational use, this paper divides rational use into five categories: narrative rational use, indicative rational use, funny imitation, news report and commentary, and dictionary collection. This paper introduces the origin, concept, characteristics and so on of these reasonable use. The third part is the judgment standard of the rational use of trademark. This paper holds that the judgment standard of the rational use of trademark is not fixed, and needs to be used flexibly according to individual cases. Therefore, it is proposed to comprehensively judge whether reasonable use is valid or not, starting from the specific elements such as intention, mode and object of use. With the development of the Internet, The number of trademark cases involving rational use in the network environment is also increasing. The rational use in the network environment is similar in nature to the rational use in the traditional commercial environment, and it has its own characteristics in the way of use. The 4th part is the current situation and perfection of the fair use system of trademark in China. In addition, the author collates and analyzes the cases of rational use in the case of the Supreme people's Court Bulletin, summarizes the legislative and judicial status quo of the rational use in China. In view of the practical problems existing in our country, this paper deals with the legislative aspects of the case. In the aspect of judicial and theoretical research, it is hoped that the system of fair use of trademark will play a better role in the practice of trademark law in our country.
【學位授予單位】：中國政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D923.43

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