本文關(guān)鍵詞：航空旅客運(yùn)輸?shù)木駬p害賠償制度研究　出處：《華東政法大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 航空旅客運(yùn)輸 人身?yè)p害 財(cái)產(chǎn)損害 純粹精神損害 精神損害賠償

【摘要】：韓亞航空墜毀,家屬悲痛萬(wàn)分;馬航客機(jī)失蹤,親友焦急等待;皮亞軍急于接肢,因拒載而永留遺憾;家人般的寵物托運(yùn)中被打殺,托運(yùn)旅客承受巨大痛苦……還有其他諸如飛機(jī)上被熱水燙傷、行李毀壞、航班延誤等或身體、或財(cái)產(chǎn)、或精神上的損傷,都可能導(dǎo)致恐慌、焦躁、悲傷、遺憾、羞恥等精神上的痛苦。這些精神上的損害能否得到賠償?欲得出上述問(wèn)題的答案,需要從分析精神損害賠償在航空旅客運(yùn)輸中的適用著手,然后分類討論伴有人身傷亡的精神損害、伴有財(cái)產(chǎn)損失的精神損害以及單獨(dú)的精神損害。通過(guò)運(yùn)用法解釋學(xué),分析現(xiàn)有的國(guó)際公約、我國(guó)航空法以及民法的有關(guān)內(nèi)容;比較和分析其他國(guó)家的有益立法;采用案例分析法,結(jié)合司法實(shí)踐;同時(shí)參考人權(quán)保護(hù)事業(yè)和消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)運(yùn)動(dòng)的發(fā)展,參考醫(yī)學(xué)診斷技術(shù)的進(jìn)步等諸多因素,可以得出如下結(jié)論:總體上看,精神損害賠償能夠適用航空旅客運(yùn)輸。伴有身體損害的精神損害,分情況區(qū)別對(duì)待,身體損害導(dǎo)致的精神損害能夠得到賠償,精神損害導(dǎo)致的身體損害以及與身體損害沒(méi)有因果關(guān)聯(lián)的精神損害不能得到賠償。伴有財(cái)產(chǎn)損失的精神損害,只有具有人格象征意義的特定物品的永久性滅失或毀損才能獲得精神損害賠償,其他財(cái)產(chǎn)損失的精神損害賠償于法無(wú)據(jù)。單獨(dú)的精神損害賠償,如純粹的精神損害、航班延誤的精神損害普遍不予認(rèn)可。但是,有部分法院承認(rèn)能夠被醫(yī)學(xué)證明的或者表現(xiàn)為身體損害的純粹精神損害。承運(yùn)人的不當(dāng)行為,如無(wú)正當(dāng)原因的拒載、對(duì)旅客的歧視性待遇等,一定條件下,能夠獲得精神損害賠償。當(dāng)下航空旅客運(yùn)輸中的精神損害賠償,還存在著一些問(wèn)題尚待解決。如空難死亡賠償金的內(nèi)容不定、行李損失的精神損害賠償司法實(shí)踐不一、托運(yùn)寵物死亡的精神損害難以救濟(jì)、精神損害賠償?shù)臉?biāo)準(zhǔn)不明。我國(guó)航空旅客運(yùn)輸?shù)木駬p害賠償制度還有很大的發(fā)展余地,還有很重的完善任務(wù)。查疑才能補(bǔ)缺,意識(shí)到我國(guó)立法與司法實(shí)踐的缺漏和矛盾,結(jié)合國(guó)際公約、國(guó)內(nèi)民法的一般性規(guī)定,借鑒國(guó)外的一些的思路和實(shí)踐,然后不斷完善、更新現(xiàn)有法律法規(guī)、國(guó)際公約,或是出臺(tái)新法、新公約,對(duì)相關(guān)問(wèn)題予以規(guī)制,并統(tǒng)一司法實(shí)踐。這是最好的時(shí)代,人權(quán)保護(hù)、消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)上升到了一個(gè)新的高度;這是最壞的時(shí)代,航空承運(yùn)人利用優(yōu)勢(shì)地位侵犯旅客正當(dāng)權(quán)益的事件時(shí)有發(fā)生;這是信仰的時(shí)代,人民內(nèi)心對(duì)法律的自覺(jué)擁護(hù)和真誠(chéng)信仰才能保證法律的權(quán)威;這是懷疑的時(shí)代,當(dāng)旅客的精神權(quán)益無(wú)從保障時(shí),我們不得不對(duì)法律的缺漏產(chǎn)生疑問(wèn);這是光明的時(shí)代,隨著精神損害賠償制度的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展,航空旅客權(quán)益將獲得更為完善的保護(hù);這是黑暗的時(shí)代,度過(guò)了2014這個(gè)世界航空史上最黑暗的一年,航空安全和旅客權(quán)益保護(hù)的“黑洞”都亟待填補(bǔ)。
[Abstract]:Asiana Airlines crash, family grief; Malaysia Airlines plane missing, relatives and friends anxiously waiting; The second Runner-up was eager to take the limb, and was always sorry for refusing to carry it. Family pets are killed in consignments and passengers suffer a lot. There are other things like hot water burns, baggage damage, flight delays, or physical, or property, or mental injuries. Can cause mental pain such as panic, anxiety, sadness, regret, shame, etc. Can any of these mental damages be compensated? In order to get the answer to the above question, we should analyze the application of mental damage compensation in air passenger transportation, and then discuss the mental damage with personal injury and death. Moral damage with property loss and individual mental damage. Through the application of legal hermeneutics, this paper analyzes the existing international conventions, China's aviation law and civil law. Comparison and analysis of useful legislation in other countries; Adopt the case analysis method, combine the judicial practice; At the same time, with reference to the development of human rights protection and consumer rights protection movement, and the progress of medical diagnostic technology, we can draw the following conclusions: overall. Moral damage compensation can be applied to air passenger transport. Accompanied by physical damage of mental damage, according to the situation, the mental damage caused by physical damage can be compensated. The physical damage caused by the mental damage and the mental damage which is not causally related to the physical damage cannot be compensated... the mental damage accompanied by the loss of property. Only the permanent loss or damage of a specific object of symbolic significance of personality can obtain compensation for moral damage, and the compensation for mental damage caused by other property losses is without any legal basis... individual compensation for moral damage. In the case of pure moral damage, the moral damage caused by flight delays is generally not recognized. However, some courts recognize purely moral damage that can be medically certified or manifested as physical damage... the carrier's misconduct. If there is no legitimate reason for refusing to carry, the discriminatory treatment of passengers, and so on, under certain conditions, can obtain compensation for moral damage. At present, the compensation for mental damage in air passenger transportation. There are still some problems to be solved, for example, the contents of compensation for death of air accident are uncertain, the judicial practice of compensation for mental damage caused by baggage loss varies, and the mental damage caused by the death of consigned pets is difficult to remedy. The standard of compensation for mental damage is not clear. There is still great room for development of the system of compensation for mental damage of air passenger transportation in China, and there is also a heavy task of perfection. Aware of the gaps and contradictions between our legislation and judicial practice, combined with international conventions, the general provisions of domestic civil law, learn from some foreign ideas and practices, and then constantly improve and update existing laws and regulations. International conventions, or the introduction of new laws, new conventions, to regulate the relevant issues, and unify judicial practice. This is the best time, human rights protection, consumer rights protection has risen to a new height; This is the worst of times, air carriers take advantage of the advantage of infringing on the legitimate rights and interests of passengers from time to time; This is the age of faith, the people in the heart of the conscious support of the law and sincere faith in order to ensure the authority of the law; This is the age of doubt, when the spiritual rights and interests of tourists can not be protected, we have to question the lack of laws; This is a bright era, with the further development of the system of compensation for spiritual damage, the rights and interests of air passengers will be better protected; It was a dark time, the darkest year in the world's aviation history in 2014, and the black hole in aviation security and passenger protection needed to be filled.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D913

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

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本文編號(hào)：1438887