本文關鍵詞：論生前預囑及其在我國的立法建議　出處：《重慶大學》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 生前預囑 尊嚴死 知情同意權 立法建議

【摘要】：生前預囑是指人們在事先,也就是意識清楚時簽署的,在不可治愈的傷病末期或者臨終時是否采用生命支持手段的一種預先醫(yī)療指示文書,其來源于社會對于尊嚴死的探討。生前預囑作為一種合理的醫(yī)療意愿表達方式,其與預先醫(yī)療指令,指令性預先醫(yī)療指令存在著差別和聯(lián)系。生前預囑保護了在面臨死亡但無表意能力的患者的知情同意權,是對患者的人道主義,也能夠促進醫(yī)療資源的合理分配,更符合現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學倫理,從20世紀70年代開始,從美洲的美國到歐洲的德國、奧地利、英國,再到亞洲的新加坡、中國香港和臺灣,在相關的法律文件中都賦予了生前預囑法律效力�，F(xiàn)階段生前預囑在我國還是一個比較新的概念,在立法上也是處于空白狀態(tài),還不具備法律效力,目前“生前預囑推廣協(xié)會”致力于我國的生前預囑推廣工作,已經(jīng)收到醫(yī)療界和法律界人士的認可,也有人大代表和政協(xié)委員努力將生前預囑推向國家立法層面,在民間的一些醫(yī)院,也開始了生前預囑的探索與實踐,但由于我國固有的生死觀以及親情孝道觀的桎梏,醫(yī)療水平發(fā)展的不平衡,以及理論研究的滯后,使得生前預囑在我國的推廣存在困難。因此在我國加強死亡教育改變?nèi)藗兊纳烙^,普及舒緩醫(yī)療為生前預囑的簽署著提供一個新的醫(yī)療選擇顯得十分必要,并且醫(yī)療現(xiàn)狀決定了于我國的生前預囑立法則不能操之過急,需要循序漸進。對于生前預囑的立法,是本文主要探討的,本文從生前預囑的做成、生效、保存、撤銷以及侵權責任這5個方面對我國的生前預囑提出立法建議。
[Abstract]:Living wills are an instrument of advance medical instructions that people sign in advance, that is, when they are conscious, whether life support is used at the end of an incurable injury or at the end of death. Living wills as a reasonable expression of medical will, and pre-medical instructions. Living wills protect the informed consent of patients who are facing death but have no capacity to express, and it is humanitarianism for patients. It can also promote the rational distribution of medical resources, more in line with modern medical ethics, from 1970s, from the United States of America to Europe, Germany, Austria, the United Kingdom, and then to Singapore in Asia. Hong Kong and Taiwan, China, in the relevant legal documents have given legal effect of living wills. At this stage, living wills in China is a relatively new concept, in the legislation is also in a blank state. At present, the living wills Promotion Association is committed to the work of living wills promotion in our country, and has been recognized by medical and legal professionals. There are also people's Congress deputies and CPPCC members to promote living wills to the national legislative level, in some private hospitals, also began the exploration and practice of living wills. However, because of the inherent life and death view and the shackles of filial piety, the imbalance of medical level development, and the lagging of theoretical research. It is difficult to popularize living wills in our country. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen death education in our country to change people's outlook on life and death, and to popularize soothing medical treatment to provide a new medical choice for the signing of living wills. And the current medical situation determines that the legislation of living wills in our country can not be done too hastily, need to be gradual. For the legislation of living wills, is mainly discussed in this paper, from the living wills made, effective, preserved. Revocation and tort liability of the five aspects of our living wills to put forward legislative recommendations.
【學位授予單位】：重慶大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：D923.5

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本文編號：1406388