本文選題：職工參與 + 公司治理　； 參考：《中國政法大學(xué)》2005年碩士論文

【摘要】：研究背景:20世紀(jì)70年代末期以來,企業(yè)改革一直是我國經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革的中心環(huán)節(jié),國家為此采取了一系列重大政策措施。從企業(yè)放權(quán)讓利,經(jīng)過利改稅、經(jīng)營承包制,到股份制改造等,十五大又提出了按照“產(chǎn)權(quán)清晰、責(zé)權(quán)明確、政企分開、管理科學(xué)”的要求,建立現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度。但長期以來,我國企業(yè)改革理論研究和實(shí)踐一直圍繞企業(yè)產(chǎn)權(quán)問題展開,強(qiáng)化物質(zhì)資本所有者思路,始終是我國企業(yè)改革和法律制度建設(shè)的主線。勞動作為最基本的生產(chǎn)要素和重要的社會資源,作為構(gòu)成企業(yè)的一個基本的構(gòu)成要素,這個問題卻被忽略了。雖然我國法律、法規(guī)明確規(guī)定,國家保障職工的主人翁地位,公司職工依照國家的法律、法規(guī)和《公司章程》行使民主管理企業(yè)的權(quán)利受到法律保護(hù)。但在企業(yè)改制的過程中,職工的“主人翁”觀念逐漸被淡化,被雇傭心理卻不斷增強(qiáng)。 與此同時(shí),在西方發(fā)達(dá)國家,“資本基本主義”經(jīng)濟(jì)增長模式日益受到理論和實(shí)踐的挑戰(zhàn)。在新經(jīng)濟(jì)條件下,.知識、技術(shù)、創(chuàng)新能力、管理能力等在公司經(jīng)營中的的作用空前提高,而知識的發(fā)展、技術(shù)和管理的創(chuàng)新都離不開“人”這個要素。20世紀(jì)60年代,美國學(xué)者舒爾茨提出了人力資本理論。從20世紀(jì)80年代開始,國際大企業(yè)都在進(jìn)行組織結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的同時(shí),通過對公司治理結(jié)構(gòu)的改造,突出人力資本的作用,構(gòu)造出有利于人力資本發(fā)揮作用的、激勵創(chuàng)新的制度安排。人力資本擁有者成為了公司治理的積極參與者,公司的職工由生產(chǎn)過程中的被動客體,成為公司治理參與主體,在經(jīng)營活動中發(fā)揮著重要作用。 研究目的: 隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化浪潮和我國加入WTO,面對我國企業(yè)所有制結(jié)構(gòu)的變化,特別是外資的大量涌入,我國職工參與公司治理在制度上的缺陷日益突出。如,無論是職代會制度還是職工董事、職工監(jiān)事制度,在這些有關(guān)實(shí)現(xiàn)職工參與公司治理的制度設(shè)計(jì)上,按現(xiàn)行公司法規(guī)定,其或者是適用范圍僅限于國有獨(dú)資或國有控股公司,或是在職權(quán)、比例上欠明確,而隨著國有和國有控股公司在公司制企業(yè)總量中所占的比例大大縮小,以及股東主權(quán)治理模式日益顯現(xiàn)出專制性弊病,這樣的制度設(shè)計(jì)已經(jīng)充分暴露了局限性。 研究意義和方法:公司法規(guī)定的是職工在公司治理中的作用,勞動法規(guī)定的是職工的自身權(quán)益,兩者不能混淆,但也不是孤立的。把職工的作用納入《公司法》中這不僅僅是道德問題,而是生產(chǎn)的客觀需要,也是企業(yè)發(fā)展的客觀需要。人力資本作用的增大,職工所提供的知識、勞動技能資本與股東提供的物質(zhì)資本是同等重要的,職工有動力也有能力成為公司治理的重要參與者。 在中國,所有制發(fā)生變化,只是改變了勞動者當(dāng)家作主的表現(xiàn)形式,但絕對改
[Abstract]:Background: since the late 1970s, enterprise reform has been the central link of China's economic system reform, and the state has adopted a series of important policy measures for this purpose. The 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the establishment of a modern enterprise system in accordance with the requirements of "clear property right, clear responsibility, separation of government and enterprises, and scientific management." However, for a long time, the theoretical research and practice of enterprise reform in our country have been carried out around the problem of enterprise property right, and strengthening the idea of material capital owner has always been the main line of enterprise reform and legal system construction in our country. Labor as the most basic factor of production and important social resources, as a basic component of the enterprise, this problem has been ignored. Although the laws and regulations of our country clearly stipulate that the state guarantees the master status of the workers, the employees of the company shall be protected by law in exercising the right of democratic management of the enterprise in accordance with the laws, regulations and articles of association of the state. However, in the process of enterprise restructuring, the concept of "master" of the staff and workers has gradually been diluted, but the psychology of being employed has been constantly strengthened. At the same time, in the western developed countries, Capital-based economic growth model is increasingly challenged by theory and practice. Under the new economic conditions. The function of knowledge, technology, innovation ability and management ability in the management of the company has never been improved. However, the development of knowledge, the innovation of technology and management cannot be separated from the element of "human" in the 1960s. Schultz, an American scholar, put forward the theory of human capital. Since the 1980s, while the international large enterprises are carrying on the organization structure adjustment, through the transformation of the corporate governance structure, the function of the human capital has been highlighted, and the favorable human capital has been constructed. Institutional arrangements to encourage innovation. The owner of human capital becomes an active participant in corporate governance, and the employees of the company become the main body of corporate governance by the passive object in the process of production. Objective: with the tide of economic globalization and China's accession to the WTO, facing the changes in the ownership structure of enterprises in China, especially the influx of foreign capital, The defect that our country worker participates in company management is more and more outstanding on system. For example, in the design of these systems concerning the participation of workers and staff in corporate governance, both the staff and workers' conference system, the staff and workers' directors, and the staff and workers' supervisors are designed in accordance with the provisions of the current Company Law. Its scope of application is either limited to wholly state-owned or state-owned holding companies, or its functions and powers are not clear. However, as the proportion of state-owned and state-owned holding companies in the total number of corporate enterprises shrinks greatly, And the governance model of shareholders' sovereignty is increasingly showing autocratic maladies, such institutional design has fully exposed the limitations. Research significance and methods: the company law stipulates the role of employees in corporate governance, What the labor law prescribes is the worker's own rights and interests, the two cannot confuse, but also is not isolated. It is not only a moral issue, but also an objective need of production and enterprise development to bring the function of workers and staff into the Company Law. With the increase in the role of human capital, the knowledge provided by workers and staff, the capital provided by labor skills and the material capital provided by shareholders are equally important. Workers and staff have the motivation and the ability to become important participants in corporate governance. In China, ownership has changed. It only changes the expression of the labor as the master of the country, but it is absolutely changed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2005
【分類號】：D922.291.91

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