本文關鍵詞： 進城務工農(nóng)民 就業(yè) 權益保障　出處：《首都經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學》2006年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：近年來,越來越多的農(nóng)民進京務工,他們?yōu)楸本┑慕?jīng)濟建設做出了巨大的貢獻。但是由于城鄉(xiāng)分割“二元社會”的制度、文化以及農(nóng)民自身方面等的原因,他們地位比較低,不能與市民一樣平等就業(yè),子女也很難在城市接收正規(guī)的教育,不能完全享受城市的現(xiàn)代文明,難以完全融入城市。雖然他們對北京的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展做出了巨大的貢獻,但相比之下他們的社會地位顯得極不相稱。雖然北京市陸續(xù)出臺了一系列保護外來務工農(nóng)民的政策,但是現(xiàn)實狀況仍然令人擔憂。這嚴重影響了社會的穩(wěn)定和公平,破壞了社會的和諧與可持續(xù)發(fā)展。 本文采用規(guī)范分析和實證分析相結合的研究方法,通過詳實的調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù)和官方數(shù)據(jù)說明在京務工的外地農(nóng)民在就業(yè)方面存在的問題,然后通過規(guī)范分析,指出這些問題存在的原因,并提出嘗試性的政策建議。本論文的結論歸納起來包括如下幾點: 第一,通過對北京務工農(nóng)民就業(yè)現(xiàn)狀的數(shù)據(jù)描述,表明這個群體的總體規(guī)模仍然呈增長態(tài)勢,但增長速度逐漸放緩;在京務工農(nóng)民就業(yè)結構存在一定問題,比如性別失調(diào)、教育水平普遍較低、就業(yè)行業(yè)局限;在京務工農(nóng)民工資收入水平較低,拖欠問題依然存在;在京務工農(nóng)民社會保障正在完善,但目前保障能力還很低等等。 第二,這些問題如果得不到很好的解決,將會導致進城農(nóng)民社會地位低下:加大他們進城就業(yè)的難度,從而引發(fā)城市相關行業(yè)的勞動力供給不足:使得外來務工農(nóng)民逆反心理和對立情緒加劇,引發(fā)城鄉(xiāng)矛盾;阻礙農(nóng)村剩余勞動力的轉移,延緩城市化進程,影響社會的穩(wěn)定和和諧北京的建設。 第三,造成這些問題的原因是多方面的,比如社會文化層次原因、管理方法及體制方面的原因、務工農(nóng)民的自身原因分析等。雖然北京已經(jīng)陸續(xù)出臺保護進城農(nóng)民務工的一系列政策,但是制度因素對農(nóng)民進城就業(yè)的障礙性作用依然顯著。 第四,通過分析,筆者認為不僅要從政策、法律法規(guī)上保障農(nóng)民進城務工的權益,還要注重各項規(guī)定的執(zhí)行監(jiān)督。要從政府、企業(yè)、社會團體、市民、進城務工農(nóng)民等多方面改善在京務工農(nóng)民的境遇。
[Abstract]:In recent years, more and more farmers have come to work in Beijing. They have made great contributions to the economic construction of Beijing. However, due to the system of urban-rural division of "dual society", culture and farmers themselves, their status is relatively low. Without equal employment with the citizens, it is very difficult for children to receive formal education in the city, to fully enjoy the modern civilization of the city and to fully integrate into the city. Although they have made great contributions to the economic development of Beijing, But their social status is far from commensurate. Although Beijing has introduced a series of policies to protect migrant workers and farmers, the reality is still worrying. This has seriously affected social stability and fairness. It destroys social harmony and sustainable development. This article adopts the research method of combining normative analysis and empirical analysis, through detailed investigation data and official data to explain the problems existing in the employment of migrant workers in Beijing, and then through normative analysis. The reasons for these problems are pointed out, and some tentative policy suggestions are put forward. The conclusions of this paper can be summarized as follows:. First, by describing the current employment situation of migrant workers in Beijing, it is shown that the overall scale of this group is still increasing, but the growth rate is gradually slowing down; there are certain problems in the employment structure of migrant workers in Beijing, such as gender imbalance. The education level is generally low, the employment industry is limited; the wage income level of the workers in Beijing is low, the problem of arrears still exists; the social security system of the workers in Beijing is improving, but the ability to guarantee is still very low. Second, if these problems are not well addressed, they will lead to the low social status of peasants in cities: making it more difficult for them to enter the city for employment. This leads to the shortage of labor supply in urban related industries: it makes migrant workers and peasants turn against psychology and antagonism, cause urban and rural contradictions, hinder the transfer of rural surplus labor force, delay the process of urbanization, Affect social stability and harmonious Beijing's construction. Third, the causes of these problems are various, such as the social and cultural levels, the management methods and the institutional aspects. Although Beijing has introduced a series of policies to protect migrant workers in succession, institutional factors still play a significant role in preventing peasants from entering the city for employment. 4th, through analysis, the author believes that not only should we protect the rights and interests of peasants entering the city in terms of policies, laws and regulations, but also pay attention to the enforcement and supervision of various regulations. From the government, enterprises, social organizations, citizens, Migrant workers and other aspects of farmers in Beijing to improve the situation of farmers.
【學位授予單位】：首都經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2006
【分類號】：F249.2

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本文編號：1498559