【摘要】：2001年“南京愛(ài)立信事件”標(biāo)志著無(wú)追索權(quán)保理業(yè)務(wù)正式進(jìn)入我國(guó),2012年,我國(guó)的保理業(yè)務(wù)量達(dá)到2.83萬(wàn)億人民幣,但是有追索權(quán)保理業(yè)務(wù)量占到了保理業(yè)務(wù)量的70%以上,這不符合保理業(yè)務(wù)自身發(fā)展的軌跡,也背離了保理業(yè)務(wù)在世界范圍內(nèi)發(fā)展的趨勢(shì)。無(wú)追索權(quán)保理業(yè)務(wù)之所以在我國(guó)發(fā)展如此緩慢,其中一個(gè)重要原因就是當(dāng)前無(wú)法對(duì)無(wú)追索權(quán)保理業(yè)務(wù)實(shí)際操作中的法律問(wèn)題進(jìn)行有效規(guī)范。鑒于此,本文立足于我國(guó)無(wú)追索權(quán)保理業(yè)務(wù)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,通過(guò)對(duì)無(wú)追索權(quán)保理業(yè)務(wù)的理論分析,確定其法律性質(zhì),總結(jié)出我國(guó)商業(yè)銀行開(kāi)展無(wú)追索權(quán)保理業(yè)務(wù)時(shí)存在的法律問(wèn)題和法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn),結(jié)合域外發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn),提出相應(yīng)的應(yīng)對(duì)和防范措施,并從法律法規(guī)上予以完善,以促進(jìn)我國(guó)無(wú)追索權(quán)保理業(yè)務(wù)的健康持續(xù)快速發(fā)展。除引言外,本文共分為五個(gè)部分:第一部分是問(wèn)題的提出。通過(guò)兩個(gè)真實(shí)事件的引導(dǎo),指出我國(guó)商業(yè)銀行在開(kāi)展無(wú)追索權(quán)保理業(yè)務(wù)時(shí)操作程序的混亂,繼而引出本文的研究主題“如何從法律角度指導(dǎo)、規(guī)范無(wú)追索權(quán)保理業(yè)務(wù)的實(shí)踐操作”。第二部分介紹了無(wú)追索權(quán)保理業(yè)務(wù)的基本運(yùn)行模式,確定了其法律性質(zhì)和各當(dāng)事人之間的法律關(guān)系。通過(guò)對(duì)現(xiàn)有觀點(diǎn)的評(píng)述,論證了無(wú)追索權(quán)保理業(yè)務(wù)是以債權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓為中心的一項(xiàng)綜合性金融服務(wù)。第三部分概括介紹了我國(guó)無(wú)追索權(quán)保理業(yè)務(wù)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和存在的法律問(wèn)題。歸納了我國(guó)法律關(guān)于應(yīng)收賬款轉(zhuǎn)讓規(guī)定的法律空白,分析了在應(yīng)收賬款債權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓過(guò)程中可能出現(xiàn)的法律問(wèn)題,以及在實(shí)務(wù)操作中可能出現(xiàn)的法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn),包括應(yīng)收賬款轉(zhuǎn)讓的合法性、有效性與多重轉(zhuǎn)讓等的法律問(wèn)題和基礎(chǔ)合同履行瑕疵的法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn)以及信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。第四部分介紹了域外其他國(guó)家的相關(guān)立法狀況,以無(wú)追索權(quán)保理業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)達(dá)的美國(guó)和日本為代表。結(jié)合我國(guó)無(wú)追索權(quán)保理業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀,與之對(duì)比分析,旨在完善我國(guó)相關(guān)立法時(shí)予以借鑒,包括美國(guó)《統(tǒng)一商法典》中規(guī)定的債權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓登記制度和日本法中的債權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓通知優(yōu)先原則。最后一部分是本文的落腳點(diǎn),提出了完善我國(guó)無(wú)追索權(quán)保理業(yè)務(wù)制度的設(shè)想。商業(yè)銀行自身通過(guò)強(qiáng)化資信審查與通知確認(rèn)、建立對(duì)賣方保證的追索機(jī)制、選擇合適的保理商進(jìn)行合作以及選擇與保險(xiǎn)公司進(jìn)行合作來(lái)完善法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制體系;通過(guò)借鑒域外其他保理業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的相關(guān)立法,完善我國(guó)相關(guān)的無(wú)追索權(quán)保理法律法規(guī),包括確立未來(lái)債權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓的有效性、確立禁止轉(zhuǎn)讓條款的效力、確立債權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓通知的形式以及確立債權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓登記制度來(lái)減少法律糾紛;通過(guò)健全商業(yè)銀行保理業(yè)務(wù)監(jiān)管體制以及完善我國(guó)企業(yè)信用管理體系來(lái)促進(jìn)我國(guó)無(wú)追索權(quán)保理業(yè)務(wù)的健康發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The "Nanjing Ericsson incident" in 2001 marked the formal entry of factoring without recourse into China. In 2012, the factoring business in our country reached 2.83 trillion RMB, but the factoring business with recourse accounted for more than 70% of the factoring business. This does not accord with the development of factoring business itself and deviates from the trend of factoring business development in the world. One of the important reasons for the slow development of non-recourse factoring business in China is that it is unable to regulate the legal problems in the practical operation of non-recourse factoring business. In view of this, this paper based on the development of non-recourse factoring business in China, through the theoretical analysis of non-recourse factoring business, determine its legal nature. This paper summarizes the legal problems and legal risks existing in the development of non-recourse factoring business by commercial banks in our country, combining with the advanced experience of foreign developed countries, puts forward corresponding countermeasures and preventive measures, and perfects them in terms of laws and regulations. In order to promote the non-recourse factoring business healthy and rapid development. In addition to the introduction, this paper is divided into five parts: the first part is the question. Through the guidance of two real events, this paper points out the confusion of the operation procedure of commercial banks in carrying out the non-recourse factoring business, and then leads to the research theme of this paper, "how to guide from the angle of law," Standardize the practice of non-recourse factoring business. " The second part introduces the basic operation mode of the non-recourse factoring business and determines its legal nature and the legal relationship between the parties. By reviewing the existing viewpoints, it is proved that non-recourse factoring is a comprehensive financial service centered on the transfer of creditor's rights. The third part introduces the current situation and legal problems of non-recourse factoring business in China. This paper sums up the legal gaps in the provisions on the transfer of accounts receivable in Chinese law, analyzes the legal problems that may arise in the course of the transfer of accounts receivable claims, and the legal risks that may arise in the practical operation. It includes the legality of the transfer of accounts receivable, the legal problems of validity and multiple transfers, the legal risk of defects in the performance of the basic contract and the risk of credit. The fourth part introduces the relevant legislation of other countries, represented by the United States and Japan, where the non-recourse factoring business is developed. Combined with the current situation of the development of non-recourse factoring business in our country, and the comparative analysis, the purpose is to perfect the relevant legislation of our country to use for reference. It includes the registration system of assignment of creditor's rights as stipulated in the uniform Commercial Code of the United States and the principle of priority of notice of assignment of creditor's rights in Japanese law. The last part is the foothold of this paper, and puts forward the idea of perfecting our country's non-recourse factoring business system. The commercial banks themselves improve the legal risk control system by strengthening the credit review and notification confirmation, establishing the recourse mechanism of the seller's guarantee, choosing the appropriate factors to cooperate and choosing the cooperation with the insurance company. By learning from the relevant legislation of other developed countries in foreign factoring business, we can perfect the relevant laws and regulations of factoring without recourse in our country, including establishing the validity of the transfer of future creditor's rights, and establishing the effect of the clause of prohibition of assignment. To reduce legal disputes by establishing the form of notice of assignment of creditor's rights and the registration system of transfer of creditor's rights; By perfecting the regulatory system of factoring business of commercial banks and perfecting the credit management system of Chinese enterprises, we can promote the healthy development of factoring business without recourse in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D922.281

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