【摘要】：海上定值保險(xiǎn)歷史悠久,定值保險(xiǎn)最先在海上保險(xiǎn)領(lǐng)域產(chǎn)生,隨后擴(kuò)展到陸上財(cái)產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域,至今絕大多數(shù)船舶、貨物運(yùn)輸保單均為定值。由于適用領(lǐng)域的特殊性,海上定值保險(xiǎn)在很大程度上有別于陸上定值保險(xiǎn):二者的法律適用不盡相同,前者主要受《海商法》的調(diào)整,后者主要受《保險(xiǎn)法》的調(diào)整;海上保險(xiǎn)領(lǐng)域的一些制度與海上定值保險(xiǎn)息息相關(guān),如判定推定全損成立的價(jià)值比較基礎(chǔ)之一即為定值保險(xiǎn)中約定的保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值,在代位求償制度中,當(dāng)事人雙方約定的保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值能否成為被保險(xiǎn)人行使剩余損害賠償請(qǐng)求權(quán)的障礙不無疑問。目前,我國《海商法》對(duì)海上定值保險(xiǎn)的相關(guān)規(guī)定尚不完善,學(xué)術(shù)界對(duì)海上定值保險(xiǎn)的系統(tǒng)性的研究成果也并不多見,因此,對(duì)海上定值保險(xiǎn)的相關(guān)問題進(jìn)行梳理并做一全面研究,是極有必要的。本文第一章節(jié)是海上定值保險(xiǎn)制度概述。對(duì)海上定值保險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行了界定,分析了其與相關(guān)法律概念的關(guān)系,并闡述了定值保險(xiǎn)與海上保險(xiǎn)相關(guān)原則的關(guān)聯(lián)。本文第二章節(jié)是海上定值保險(xiǎn)下告知義務(wù)履行問題研究。本部分首先在研究告知義務(wù)一般履行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)我國法律的相關(guān)規(guī)定進(jìn)行了分析并提出了修改建議;其次分析梳理了英國長期以來的司法案例,重點(diǎn)對(duì)何種情況下構(gòu)成海上定值保險(xiǎn)下的"重要情況"作了探究;最后結(jié)合英國《1906年海上保險(xiǎn)法》和《2015年保險(xiǎn)法》的規(guī)定分析了違反該義務(wù)的法律后果。本文第三章節(jié)是海上定值保險(xiǎn)下保險(xiǎn)賠償問題研究。在全損賠償方面,主要探討約定的價(jià)值與全損賠償限額的關(guān)系;在部分損失賠償方面,主要探討船舶約定價(jià)值在損失賠償計(jì)算中的作用。本文第四章節(jié)是海上定值保險(xiǎn)對(duì)推定全損和代位求償制度的影響問題的探討。明晰了在判斷船舶和貨物推定全損中,約定的價(jià)值成為確定二者構(gòu)成推定全損的價(jià)值比較基礎(chǔ);同時(shí)也對(duì)實(shí)踐中長期以來認(rèn)為"約定價(jià)值成為被保險(xiǎn)人行使剩余損害賠償請(qǐng)求權(quán)的障礙"的觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了撥亂反正。
[Abstract]:Marine fixed value insurance has a long history. It was first produced in the field of marine insurance, and then expanded to land property field. Up to now, most ships and cargo transport policies are fixed value. Because of the particularity of the application field, the marine fixed value insurance is different from the land fixed value insurance to a great extent: the law of the two is not the same, the former is mainly regulated by the Maritime Law, and the latter is mainly adjusted by the Insurance Law; Some systems in the field of marine insurance are closely related to marine fixed value insurance. For example, one of the comparative bases for determining the value of the presumed total loss is the insurance value agreed in the fixed value insurance, and in the subrogation system, Whether the insurance value agreed by the parties can be an obstacle for the insured to exercise the right to claim residual damages is doubtful. At present, the relevant regulations of maritime fixed value insurance in Maritime Law of our country are not perfect, and the systematic research results of marine fixed value insurance in academic circles are rare, therefore, It is necessary to sort out and make a comprehensive study on the related problems of marine fixed value insurance. The first chapter of this paper is an overview of marine fixed value insurance system. This paper defines marine fixed value insurance, analyzes its relationship with relevant legal concepts, and expounds the relationship between fixed value insurance and relevant principles of marine insurance. The second chapter of this paper is a study on the performance of the obligation of notification under marine fixed value insurance. Firstly, based on the study of the general performance standard of the obligation of notification, this part analyzes the relevant provisions of Chinese law and puts forward some suggestions for amendment. Secondly, it analyzes and combs the judicial cases in Britain for a long time, focusing on the "important circumstances" under which the marine fixed value insurance is constituted. Finally, the legal consequences of breach of this obligation are analyzed in accordance with the provisions of the British Maritime Insurance Act of 1906 and the Insurance Act of 2015. The third chapter of this paper is the study of insurance compensation under marine fixed value insurance. In the aspect of total loss compensation, the relationship between the agreed value and the total loss compensation limit is mainly discussed, and in the partial loss compensation, the role of the agreed ship value in the calculation of the total loss compensation is mainly discussed. The fourth chapter discusses the influence of marine fixed value insurance on the presumption of total loss and subrogation system. It is clear that in judging the total loss of ship and cargo, the agreed value becomes the comparative basis of determining the value of the two components of the presumption of total loss; At the same time, the author also puts forward the view that "the agreed value becomes the obstacle for the insured to exercise the right of claim for residual damages" in practice for a long time.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D922.284

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