【摘要】：船舶代理人的業(yè)務(wù)內(nèi)容較為龐雜,他的業(yè)務(wù)執(zhí)行會(huì)直接影響到承運(yùn)人海上貨物運(yùn)輸合同義務(wù)的履行。承運(yùn)人卸貨港船舶代理人的重要業(yè)務(wù)之一就是交付貨物。由于受承運(yùn)人指示或應(yīng)提貨請(qǐng)求人請(qǐng)求無(wú)單放貨,卸貨港船舶代理人常因此被正本提單持有人起訴。2009年《最高人民法院關(guān)于審理無(wú)正本提單交付貨物案件適用法律若干問(wèn)題的規(guī)定》(下文簡(jiǎn)稱為《無(wú)單放貨規(guī)定》)對(duì)承運(yùn)人無(wú)單放貨的若干問(wèn)題做出了明確規(guī)定。但是,對(duì)于卸貨港船舶代理人無(wú)單放貨的責(zé)任問(wèn)題,目前尚無(wú)法律或者司法解釋對(duì)之做出明確規(guī)定。結(jié)合民法以及海上貨物運(yùn)輸法理論,本文試圖對(duì)船舶代理人無(wú)單放貨責(zé)任的性質(zhì)、責(zé)任承擔(dān)、單位責(zé)任限制和免責(zé)事項(xiàng)的享有與否等問(wèn)題進(jìn)行探討。除引言和結(jié)論外,本文共包括四章：第一章首先對(duì)船舶代理人的概念、業(yè)務(wù)范圍進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)要介紹,分析了船舶代理人與承運(yùn)人的法律關(guān)系；然后引入本文主題,界定無(wú)單放貨船舶代理人的范圍并分析了船舶代理人簽發(fā)提貨單對(duì)無(wú)單放貨的影響及船舶代理人無(wú)單放貨的特點(diǎn)。第二章對(duì)船舶代理人無(wú)單放貨的責(zé)任性質(zhì)和歸責(zé)原則進(jìn)行了分析,然后著重分析船舶代理人無(wú)單放貨的過(guò)錯(cuò)歸責(zé)原則、過(guò)錯(cuò)的認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及責(zé)任構(gòu)成。第三章以我國(guó)船舶代理人無(wú)單放貨案件判決為切入點(diǎn),分析、歸納了我國(guó)目前船舶代理人無(wú)單放貨案件的判決模式和存在的問(wèn)題。在此基礎(chǔ)之上,對(duì)船舶代理人與承運(yùn)人、無(wú)單提貨人無(wú)單放貨責(zé)任的承擔(dān)進(jìn)行了討論。第四章分析船舶代理人無(wú)單放貨時(shí)是否有權(quán)享有單位責(zé)任限制以及免責(zé)。該章首先從《無(wú)單放貨規(guī)定》的相關(guān)規(guī)定入手,分析承運(yùn)人無(wú)單放貨喪失單位責(zé)任限制的原因,以從立法和理論兩方面為分析船舶代理人無(wú)單放貨是否享有單位責(zé)任限制尋找依據(jù)。其次,以《第二次全國(guó)涉外商事海事審判工作會(huì)議紀(jì)要》(下文簡(jiǎn)稱為《紀(jì)要》)和《無(wú)單放貨規(guī)定》為參照,分析船舶代理人無(wú)單放貨時(shí)所能享有免責(zé)事項(xiàng)。
[Abstract]:The business content of the ship agent is rather complicated, and his business execution will directly affect the carrier's performance of the contract of carriage of goods by sea. One of the important business of the carrier's ship agent at the port of discharge is the delivery of the goods. As a result of receiving instructions from the carrier or at the request of the person requesting the delivery of the goods, the goods are released without documentary evidence, The agent of a ship at the port of discharge is often sued by the holder of the original bill of lading. 2009 "provisions of the Supreme people's Court on certain legal issues applicable to handling cases of delivery of goods without original Bill of Lading" (hereinafter referred to as the "regulations on the release of goods without documentary evidence") ) some issues concerning the delivery of goods by the carrier without a bill of lading are clearly defined. However, there is no clear legal or judicial explanation on the liability of the agent of the port of discharge. Combined with the theory of civil law and maritime freight law, this paper attempts to discuss the nature, liability, limitation of unit liability and the enjoyment of exemption of liability of ship agent without bill of lading. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper includes four chapters: the first chapter gives a brief introduction to the concept and scope of business of the ship agent, and analyzes the legal relationship between the ship agent and the carrier; Then this paper introduces the subject of this paper, defines the scope of the ship agent without bill of lading, and analyzes the influence of shipping agent issuing bill of lading on the delivery of goods without bill of lading and the characteristics of shipping agent releasing goods without bill of lading. The second chapter analyzes the nature of liability and the principle of imputation of shipping agent's delivery of goods without bill, and then analyzes the principle of fault imputation of shipping agent's delivery without bill of lading, the identification standard of fault and the constitution of liability. The third chapter takes the judgment of shipping agent's delivery of goods without bill as the starting point, analyzes and sums up the judgment mode and existing problems of the case of ship agent's delivery without bill of lading in our country at present. On the basis of this, the liability of ship agent, carrier and pick-up without bill of lading is discussed. The fourth chapter analyzes whether the shipping agent is entitled to the unit liability limit and exemption. This chapter begins with the relevant provisions of the "provisions on the delivery of goods without documentary evidence", and analyzes the reasons for the loss of the unit liability limit of the carrier's delivery of goods without bill of lading. Based on legislation and theory, this paper analyzes whether the shipping agent is entitled to the limitation of unit liability. Secondly, taking the minutes of the second National Foreign Commercial and Maritime trial Conference (hereinafter referred to as "the minutes") and the "provisions for the delivery of goods without documentary evidence" as the reference, the article analyzes the exemption of the shipping agent when the goods are released without the bill of lading.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D922.294

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