【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和人們生活水平的提高,我國機(jī)動(dòng)車的保有量增長迅速,機(jī)動(dòng)車商業(yè)保險(xiǎn)的投保數(shù)量也逐年遞增,并占據(jù)財(cái)產(chǎn)保險(xiǎn)四分之三的市場份額。而車輛損失險(xiǎn)作為一個(gè)重要險(xiǎn)種,其“無責(zé)免賠”條款,無論在理論上還是司法實(shí)踐上均引發(fā)了諸多爭議。保險(xiǎn)公司往往以車輛駕駛?cè)嗽诮煌ㄊ鹿手袥]有責(zé)任來拒絕賠償其車輛的損失,造成不少被保險(xiǎn)人投保了車損險(xiǎn)卻無法獲得賠償?shù)那闆r。被保險(xiǎn)人索償無門,只得訴至法院,要求保險(xiǎn)公司賠償,由此導(dǎo)致了該類案件在司法實(shí)踐中大量存在。由于我國法律對(duì)車損險(xiǎn)“無責(zé)免賠”條款缺乏明確的規(guī)定,司法上缺乏對(duì)車損險(xiǎn)的歸責(zé)原則的明確解釋,導(dǎo)致同類案件中,不同的法院的判決理由各不相同,同案不同判現(xiàn)象大量存在。本文試圖從車損險(xiǎn)的定性及其歸責(zé)原則出發(fā),結(jié)合“無責(zé)免賠”條款存在的理論依據(jù),闡述“無責(zé)免賠”條款是否適宜規(guī)定在車輛損失保險(xiǎn)合同當(dāng)中,從而對(duì)該類問題的有效解決提供一定的幫助。本文首先從一個(gè)車輛損失險(xiǎn)“無責(zé)免賠”條款引發(fā)的爭議案例出發(fā),引出該條款存在的爭議焦點(diǎn)。其次,對(duì)車輛損失險(xiǎn)的歸責(zé)原則進(jìn)行研究,通過對(duì)該保險(xiǎn)設(shè)立目的的分析以及該險(xiǎn)種與交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)、商業(yè)三責(zé)險(xiǎn)的比較,闡明該險(xiǎn)種應(yīng)適用無過錯(cuò)責(zé)任的歸責(zé)原則,并對(duì)“無責(zé)免賠”條款進(jìn)行理論上的分析。再次,對(duì)該條款在法律上的適用現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析,找出法律適用中存在的問題,并指明問題的根源。
[Abstract]:With the development of China's economy and the improvement of people's living standards, the number of motor vehicles in our country is increasing rapidly, and the number of commercial motor vehicle insurance is increasing year by year, which occupies 3/4 of the market share of property insurance. As an important kind of insurance, the clause of "no liability and compensation" has caused many controversies in theory and judicial practice. Insurance companies often refuse to compensate for the loss of their vehicles because the vehicle drivers do not have the responsibility in traffic accidents, resulting in many insured car damage insurance but can not get compensation. The insured has no claim and has to go to court to demand compensation from the insurance company, which leads to a large number of such cases in judicial practice. Due to the lack of clear stipulation on the clause of "no liability and no compensation" in the law of our country, and the lack of a clear explanation of the principle of imputation to the insurance of car damage in the judiciary, different courts have different reasons for adjudication in the same kind of cases. The phenomenon of different judgments in the same case exists in large numbers. Based on the qualitative analysis and liability principle of vehicle damage insurance and the theoretical basis of the "no-liability exemption" clause, this paper attempts to expound whether it is appropriate for the "non-liability exemption" clause to be stipulated in the vehicle loss insurance contract. Thus, it can provide some help for the effective solution of this kind of problem. This article starts from a dispute case caused by the clause of "No liability and compensation" in the vehicle loss insurance, and leads to the dispute focus of the clause. Secondly, the liability principle of vehicle loss insurance is studied. By analyzing the purpose of the insurance and comparing it with traffic insurance and commercial triple liability insurance, it is clarified that the liability principle of no-fault liability should be applied to this kind of insurance. And the article of "no liability and indemnity" carries on the theoretical analysis. Thirdly, the article analyzes the current situation of the application of the law, finds out the problems existing in the application of the law, and points out the root of the problem.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D922.284

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