【摘要】：我國社會經(jīng)濟已步入工業(yè)反哺農(nóng)業(yè)、城市支持農(nóng)村的全新發(fā)展階段。2015年中央1號文件將推動農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新作為發(fā)展現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)的重要支撐,1農(nóng)業(yè)科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化是農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新的必然要求,是增強農(nóng)產(chǎn)品競爭力、促進現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)和農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的有效保障。然而,當前我國該項轉(zhuǎn)化率并不高,制約其最主要的因素就是資金短缺。因此,以法學為主,輔以經(jīng)濟學、管理學等多學科知識研究農(nóng)業(yè)科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化融資問題具有重要意義。為有效解決農(nóng)業(yè)科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化融資難問題,本研究首先對相關(guān)基礎(chǔ)理論進行梳理。法學方面運用了農(nóng)民權(quán)益保護理論、利益與利益機制理論;經(jīng)濟學方面運用了信息不對稱理論、金融成長周期理論�；诙鄬W科視角,深入剖析農(nóng)業(yè)科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化范疇與特征、農(nóng)業(yè)科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化融資內(nèi)涵等,為我國農(nóng)業(yè)科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化融資法律問題的解決提供理論支撐。其次,通過對農(nóng)業(yè)科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化基本情況及融資現(xiàn)狀的考察,揭示農(nóng)業(yè)科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化融資難問題的根源,主要有農(nóng)業(yè)科研資源分配不合理,知識產(chǎn)權(quán)質(zhì)押融資制度不健全,財稅政策落實不到位,信用擔保與評價制度缺失等,為解決農(nóng)業(yè)科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化融資難問題指明方向。再次,考察美國、日本和韓國農(nóng)業(yè)科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化融資政策與實踐,深入分析各國融資政策選擇影響因素及運行績效,吸納適合我國國情的經(jīng)驗與教訓,包括融資制度與政策的選擇需適應國情,增加政府財政資金投入,發(fā)揮政策性輔助功能,構(gòu)建企業(yè)信用擔保制度,發(fā)展多層次資本市場等。最后,提出農(nóng)業(yè)科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化融資法律問題解決對策,一是要健全農(nóng)業(yè)科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化融資法律制度,需改善融資主體制度,調(diào)整財稅支持制度,完善知識產(chǎn)權(quán)質(zhì)押融資制度等;二是要完善融資支持政策與保障措施,包括提升企業(yè)融資能力,強化政府扶持力度,改善轉(zhuǎn)化資金績效管理,引入風險投資等。本文期許能夠為相關(guān)立法及政策制定提供有益參考,保障農(nóng)業(yè)科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化獲得充足資金。
[Abstract]:China's social economy has stepped into industrial feeding agriculture, The first document of the Central Committee in 2015 will promote agricultural scientific and technological innovation as an important support for the development of modern agriculture. The transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements is the inevitable requirement of agricultural scientific and technological innovation and the enhancement of the competitiveness of agricultural products. Promote modern agriculture and the effective guarantee of rural economic development. However, the current conversion rate is not high in China, the most important factor restricting it is the shortage of funds. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the transformation and financing of agricultural scientific and technological achievements with multi-disciplinary knowledge such as law, economics and management. In order to effectively solve the problem of financing the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, this study first combed the relevant basic theory. In law, the theory of protection of farmers' rights and interests and the theory of interest mechanism are applied, and the theory of information asymmetry and the theory of financial growth cycle are used in economics. Based on the multi-disciplinary perspective, this paper deeply analyzes the category and characteristics of the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, and the connotation of financing for the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, which provides theoretical support for the solution of the legal problems of the transformation and financing of agricultural scientific and technological achievements in China. Secondly, through the investigation of the basic situation of the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements and the present situation of financing, it reveals the root causes of the difficulty of financing the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements. The main reasons are unreasonable allocation of agricultural scientific research resources and imperfect system of intellectual property rights pledge financing. The implementation of fiscal and taxation policies and the lack of credit guarantee and evaluation system have pointed out the way to solve the problem of financing the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements. Thirdly, it examines the financing policies and practices of agricultural science and technology achievements transformation in the United States, Japan and South Korea, analyzes deeply the influencing factors and operational performance of financing policy selection in various countries, and absorbs the experiences and lessons suitable for the national conditions of our country. The selection of financing system and policy should adapt to the national conditions, increase the government's financial investment, give play to the policy auxiliary function, construct the enterprise credit guarantee system, and develop the multi-level capital market, etc. Finally, the author puts forward the countermeasures to solve the legal problems in the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements. Firstly, it is necessary to improve the legal system of financing for the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, to improve the system of financing subject, to adjust the financial and tax support system, and to perfect the financing system of intellectual property rights pledge. The second is to improve the financing support policy and safeguard measures, including enhancing the financing capacity of enterprises, strengthening government support, improving the management of the performance of transformed funds, introducing venture capital, and so on. This paper hopes to provide a useful reference for the relevant legislation and policy formulation, to ensure the transformation of agricultural science and technology to obtain sufficient funds.
【學位授予單位】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D922.28

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