本文關(guān)鍵詞： 上海自貿(mào)區(qū) 服務(wù)貿(mào)易總協(xié)定 負(fù)面清單 法律制度研究　出處：《湖南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：2013年8月國(guó)務(wù)院正式批準(zhǔn)設(shè)立中國(guó)上海自由貿(mào)易區(qū)(Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone)。這片自由貿(mào)易試驗(yàn)區(qū)為實(shí)現(xiàn)政府職能的轉(zhuǎn)變、貿(mào)易服務(wù)、金融制度、外商投資等方面的改革,起到推動(dòng)整個(gè)上海發(fā)展的重要作用。此次設(shè)立上海自由貿(mào)易區(qū)的主要亮點(diǎn)在于服務(wù)貿(mào)易。而從法律框架上來(lái)看,以GATS框架的視角分析現(xiàn)行上海自貿(mào)區(qū)服務(wù)貿(mào)易法律制度,上海自由貿(mào)易區(qū)自設(shè)立以來(lái)法律體系雜亂,從中央到地方的立法現(xiàn)狀都不盡人意。目前《服務(wù)貿(mào)易總協(xié)定》(簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)GATS)是世界范圍內(nèi)關(guān)于服務(wù)貿(mào)易的最具權(quán)威的協(xié)定,它為服務(wù)貿(mào)易領(lǐng)域的國(guó)內(nèi)外立法提供了借鑒基礎(chǔ),國(guó)際上的服務(wù)貿(mào)易協(xié)定大多以此為模板。而上海自由貿(mào)易區(qū)的相關(guān)法律法規(guī)在制定時(shí),卻沒(méi)有確立國(guó)際的《服務(wù)貿(mào)易總協(xié)定》中的原則,且法律框架待梳理,中央立法地位不明,相關(guān)概念解釋模糊,地方立法急需出臺(tái)詳細(xì)的部門(mén)細(xì)則。上海自由貿(mào)易區(qū)的最重要的文件《負(fù)面清單》,在服務(wù)貿(mào)易這塊有諸多不能和國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)接軌之處。2014年版《負(fù)面清單》與2013年版《負(fù)面清單》相比,通過(guò)取消、修改與放寬條款限制等措施,使得服務(wù)業(yè)開(kāi)放度得以提升,一些限制或者禁止措施的表述更加清晰,透明度進(jìn)一步提高,但是不足之處仍然明顯。在對(duì)比GATS的法律框架和上海自由貿(mào)易區(qū)服務(wù)貿(mào)易的法律框架后,可以總結(jié)出上海自由貿(mào)易區(qū)在其法律制度上的不足之處。針對(duì)上述存在的上海自貿(mào)區(qū)法律法規(guī)缺乏指導(dǎo)性原則、法律體系不夠亟待梳理、負(fù)面清單自由化不夠、透明化不足、負(fù)面清單產(chǎn)業(yè)分類(lèi)不嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)膯?wèn)題,通過(guò)借鑒歐盟、北美自貿(mào)區(qū)有關(guān)服務(wù)貿(mào)易的法律制度,確立上海自由貿(mào)易區(qū)立法的基本原則、完善上海自貿(mào)區(qū)法律體系、要求地方立法積極完善配套制度、改進(jìn)負(fù)面清單銜接國(guó)際服務(wù)貿(mào)易規(guī)則,最終完善上海自貿(mào)區(qū)服務(wù)貿(mào)易法律體系。
[Abstract]:In August 2013, the State Council formally approved the establishment of the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade zone. This free trade experimental area is intended to realize the transformation of government functions, trade services, financial system, foreign investment, etc. It plays an important role in promoting the development of Shanghai as a whole. The main highlight of the establishment of the Shanghai Free Trade area this time is trade in services. In terms of the legal framework, the current legal system of service trade in the Shanghai Free Trade Zone is analyzed from the perspective of the GATS framework. Since the establishment of the Shanghai Free Trade area, the legal system has been chaotic, and the legislative situation from the central to the local level is unsatisfactory. At present, the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) is the most authoritative agreement on trade in services in the world. It provides a reference basis for domestic and foreign legislation in the field of trade in services, and most of the international agreements on trade in services use it as a model. When the relevant laws and regulations of the Shanghai Free Trade area are formulated, However, the principles of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) have not been established, the legal framework is to be combed, the central legislative status is not clear, and the relevant concepts are interpreted vaguely. The most important document of the Shanghai Free Trade area, "negative list", is that there are many areas that cannot meet international standards in the area of trade in services. The 2014 edition of "negative list" is in line with the 2013 edition. Compared to the negative list, Through measures such as cancellation, modification and relaxation of terms and restrictions, the openness of the service sector has been enhanced, some restrictions or prohibitions have been expressed more clearly, and transparency has been further enhanced. But the shortcomings are still obvious. After comparing the legal framework of GATS with the legal framework of service trade in Shanghai Free Trade area, We can sum up the deficiencies of the Shanghai Free Trade area in its legal system. In view of the above existing laws and regulations of the Shanghai Free Trade area lack of guiding principles, the legal system is not urgent to comb, the negative list of liberalization is not enough, lack of transparency, Negative list industry classification is not strict, by using the European Union, North America free trade area related services trade legal system, establish the basic principles of Shanghai Free Trade area legislation, improve the Shanghai Free Trade area legal system, The local legislation is required to improve the supporting system, improve the negative list to link up the rules of international service trade, and finally perfect the legal system of service trade in Shanghai Free Trade Zone.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D922.295

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