本文關(guān)鍵詞： 準(zhǔn)入前國(guó)民待遇 國(guó)際投資協(xié)定 《中華人民共和國(guó)外國(guó)投資法(草案征求意見稿)》　出處：《西北政法大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：準(zhǔn)入前國(guó)民待遇已經(jīng)成為國(guó)際投資規(guī)則發(fā)展的新潮流,截止2014年7月,全球至少有77個(gè)國(guó)家采用了準(zhǔn)入前國(guó)民待遇制度。目前,中國(guó)既是資本輸入大國(guó),又是資本輸出大國(guó),而且已經(jīng)成為凈資本輸出國(guó)。但是中國(guó)的相關(guān)法制卻未能及時(shí)進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的調(diào)整,難以適應(yīng)國(guó)際投資領(lǐng)域發(fā)展的新變化。已經(jīng)具有凈資本輸出國(guó)身份的中國(guó),不能再一味地強(qiáng)調(diào)東道國(guó)利益的保護(hù),而排斥準(zhǔn)入前國(guó)民待遇。中國(guó)應(yīng)該正視世界投資自由化的潮流,并且逐漸接受準(zhǔn)入前國(guó)民待遇制度,這對(duì)于促進(jìn)中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展具有重要意義。2015年1月19日商務(wù)部正式公布了《中華人民共和國(guó)外國(guó)投資法(草案征求意見稿)》(以下簡(jiǎn)稱征求意見稿),《征求意見稿》的相關(guān)規(guī)定表明中國(guó)已開始著手實(shí)施準(zhǔn)入前國(guó)民待遇制度,這對(duì)于我國(guó)的外資準(zhǔn)入甚至整個(gè)外資法制體系來說都是一個(gè)重大突破。本文主要通過對(duì)國(guó)外準(zhǔn)入前國(guó)民待遇制度實(shí)踐的對(duì)比研究,探索準(zhǔn)入前國(guó)民待遇制度的最新發(fā)展趨勢(shì),結(jié)合準(zhǔn)入前國(guó)民待遇在中國(guó)的理論與實(shí)踐,對(duì)《征求意見稿》的做出評(píng)析,并且進(jìn)一步提出完善建議。本文主要分為四個(gè)部分。第一部分對(duì)準(zhǔn)入前國(guó)民待遇制度基本理論進(jìn)行研究,揭示準(zhǔn)入前國(guó)民待遇制度的內(nèi)涵和發(fā)展變化；第二部分分析了準(zhǔn)入前國(guó)民待遇制度的國(guó)際實(shí)踐,通過闡述美國(guó)和印度在推行準(zhǔn)入前國(guó)民待遇制度方面的國(guó)內(nèi)立法及美式雙邊投資條約、北美自由貿(mào)易區(qū)協(xié)定、MAI等雙邊、區(qū)域及全球性立法的實(shí)踐,著重分析了準(zhǔn)入前國(guó)民待遇在不同場(chǎng)合的具體做法,以期我國(guó)外資立法可以予以借鑒；第三部分主要介紹準(zhǔn)入前國(guó)民待遇制度在中國(guó)的理論與實(shí)踐,分析了實(shí)施準(zhǔn)入前國(guó)民待遇對(duì)中國(guó)的利弊、中國(guó)的法制狀況、態(tài)度和立場(chǎng)以及上海自貿(mào)區(qū)的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)；第四部分是對(duì)我國(guó)的《征求意見稿》進(jìn)行介紹評(píng)析,論述這部征求意見稿對(duì)中國(guó)實(shí)施準(zhǔn)入前國(guó)民待遇的影響與意義,并且走出自己對(duì)這部征求意見稿的一些建議,以期征求意見稿得以完善,同時(shí)對(duì)中國(guó)實(shí)施準(zhǔn)入前國(guó)民待遇的國(guó)際法制完善提出了建議。本文的研究方法主要有歷史分析法、比較研究法和實(shí)證分析法。
[Abstract]:Pre-entry national treatment has become a new trend in the development of international investment rules. As of July 2014, at least 77 countries in the world have adopted the pre-admission national treatment system. China is not only a capital importing country, but also a capital exporting country, and it has become a net capital exporting country. However, the relevant legal system of China has not been adjusted in time. It is difficult to adapt to the new changes in the field of international investment. China, which already has the status of net capital exporter, can no longer blindly emphasize the protection of the interests of the host country. China should face the trend of world investment liberalization and gradually accept the system of national treatment before admission. On January 19th 2015, the Ministry of Commerce officially promulgated the draft Law on Foreign Investment of the people's Republic of China (draft for comments). The following is referred to as the draft for comment). The relevant provisions of the "draft for comments" indicate that China has begun to implement the pre-admission national treatment system. This is a major breakthrough for China's foreign investment access and even the entire legal system of foreign investment. This paper mainly through the comparative study of the practice of national treatment system before the entry of foreign countries. This paper explores the latest development trend of the system of national treatment before admission, and makes an assessment of the draft of soliciting opinions in combination with the theory and practice of national treatment before admission in China. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part focuses on the basic theory of the pre-entry national treatment system to reveal the connotation and development of the pre-admission national treatment system; The second part analyzes the international practice of pre-admission national treatment system, through the introduction of the pre-admission national treatment system of the United States and India in the implementation of the national treatment system domestic legislation and American-style bilateral investment treaties, the North American Free Trade area Agreement. MAI and other bilateral, regional and global legislation practice, focusing on the analysis of the national treatment before admission in different situations, with a view to foreign investment legislation can be used for reference; The third part mainly introduces the theory and practice of national treatment system before admission in China, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of national treatment before admission to China, and the legal situation of China. Attitude and position as well as practical experience of Shanghai Free Trade Zone; Part 4th is an introduction and analysis of China's draft of solicitation of opinions, which discusses the impact and significance of this draft on the national treatment before China's entry into the market. And out of their own proposals for this draft, with a view to soliciting comments to improve the draft. At the same time, the author puts forward some suggestions on how to perfect the international legal system of national treatment before admission in China. The main research methods of this paper are historical analysis, comparative research and empirical analysis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D922.295

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