【摘要】：由于夫妻之間特有的人身關(guān)系,夫妻間互相贈(zèng)與財(cái)產(chǎn)的情況時(shí)有發(fā)生。隨著人們物質(zhì)生活的日益豐富,夫妻間贈(zèng)與的情形越來(lái)越復(fù)雜,圍繞著它的糾紛也漸漸增多。然而由于目前我國(guó)對(duì)夫妻間贈(zèng)與并沒(méi)有一個(gè)明確的定性,導(dǎo)致實(shí)踐中法律適用十分的混亂。并且由于法律賦予了夫妻間贈(zèng)與人一方在贈(zèng)與物所有權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)移之前任意撤銷的權(quán)利,這更是引起了人們的激烈討論。所以本文希望通過(guò)對(duì)我國(guó)夫妻間贈(zèng)與相關(guān)法律問(wèn)題的研究,可以對(duì)解決司法實(shí)踐中夫妻間贈(zèng)與的相關(guān)爭(zhēng)議產(chǎn)生一定的作用。夫妻間的贈(zèng)與是指夫妻關(guān)系成立之后或即將成立時(shí),一方無(wú)償讓渡其個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)的全部或部分所有權(quán),使其為另一方所有或雙方共有的財(cái)產(chǎn)的法律行為。夫妻間贈(zèng)與不同于一般贈(zèng)與也區(qū)別于夫妻財(cái)產(chǎn)制約定,應(yīng)被定性于區(qū)別于一般贈(zèng)與的特殊贈(zèng)與。目前我國(guó)關(guān)于夫妻間贈(zèng)與的相關(guān)法律規(guī)定主要體現(xiàn)在《最高人民法院關(guān)于中華人民共和國(guó)婚姻法若干問(wèn)題的解釋(三)》(以下簡(jiǎn)稱《婚姻法司法解釋(三)》)第六條,該條賦予夫妻間贈(zèng)與贈(zèng)與人任意撤銷權(quán)是為了解決實(shí)踐中夫妻間贈(zèng)與房產(chǎn)歸屬的問(wèn)題。然而目前我國(guó)司法實(shí)踐中有將該條規(guī)定的適用范圍擴(kuò)大到夫妻間其它物品的贈(zèng)與的趨勢(shì),爭(zhēng)議的標(biāo)的一般為像汽車這種價(jià)值較大的財(cái)產(chǎn)。并且該條規(guī)定也不符合婚姻法的立法精神,會(huì)損害受贈(zèng)方的權(quán)利。因此,任意撤銷權(quán)制度并不能根本解決夫妻間贈(zèng)與的問(wèn)題,應(yīng)尋求其它更加合理的制度。近年來(lái)我國(guó)有將德國(guó)的法律行為基礎(chǔ)障礙制度應(yīng)用于我國(guó)夫妻間贈(zèng)與的聲音,筆者認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)可供我國(guó)借鑒的方法。德國(guó)將法律行為基礎(chǔ)障礙制度適用于解決夫妻間的贈(zèng)與問(wèn)題,它規(guī)定了當(dāng)夫妻贈(zèng)與的基礎(chǔ)不在存在時(shí),即夫妻間未締結(jié)婚姻或離婚時(shí),若不能合理期待贈(zèng)與人繼續(xù)履行贈(zèng)與合同的義務(wù),夫妻間贈(zèng)與人一方可以依據(jù)德國(guó)民法典第313條第一款對(duì)贈(zèng)與合同內(nèi)容進(jìn)行調(diào)整,而在不能苛求當(dāng)事人調(diào)整合同時(shí),允許贈(zèng)與人依據(jù)第三款解除贈(zèng)與合同。法律行為基礎(chǔ)障礙制度相較于任意撤銷權(quán)制度在解決夫妻間贈(zèng)與問(wèn)題上更加靈活,能夠真正平衡夫妻間的權(quán)益。
[Abstract]:As a result of the special personal relationship between husband and wife, the couple gives property to each other from time to time. With the increasing enrichment of material life, the situation of gift between husband and wife is becoming more and more complicated, and the disputes around it are also increasing. However, there is no clear definition of the gift between husband and wife in our country, which leads to the confusion of the application of the law in practice. And because the law gives the spouse the right to revoke the right before the transfer of the title of the gift, this has aroused heated discussion. Therefore, this paper hopes that through the study of the legal issues between husband and wife gift in China, it can play a certain role in resolving the disputes between husband and wife gift in judicial practice. The gift between husband and wife refers to the legal act of transferring all or part of their personal property without compensation after the establishment of the relationship between husband and wife or when it is about to be established so that it is the property owned by the other party or shared by both parties. The gift between husband and wife is different from the general gift and also different from the agreement of the husband and wife property system, and should be characterized by the special gift which is different from the general gift. At present, the relevant legal provisions on the gift between husband and wife in China are mainly embodied in Article 6 of the interpretation of certain issues concerning Marriage Law of the people's Republic of China by the Supreme people's Court (hereinafter referred to as the Judicial interpretation of the Marriage Law (3). The purpose of this article is to solve the problem of property ownership between husband and wife. However, there is a tendency to extend the scope of application of this provision to the gift of other items between husband and wife in the judicial practice of our country at present. The object of dispute is generally the property of great value such as automobile. It also does not conform to the legislative spirit of the Marriage Law and damages the rights of the grantee. Therefore, the system of arbitrary rescission can not fundamentally solve the problem of gift between husband and wife, and should seek other more reasonable system. In recent years, our country has applied the German legal behavior foundation barrier system to our country husband and wife gift voice, the author thinks this is a method which can be used for reference in our country. Germany applies the system of basic obstacles to legal conduct to solve the problem of gifts between couples, which provides that when the basis of the gift does not exist, that is, when the husband and wife are not married or divorced, If the donor cannot reasonably be expected to continue to perform the obligation of the donation contract, the donator may adjust the contents of the donation contract in accordance with the first paragraph of Article 313 of the German Civil Code, and if the parties cannot be required to adjust the contract, The donator is allowed to terminate the donation contract in accordance with paragraph 3. The basic obstacle system of legal behavior is more flexible than the system of arbitrary rescission right in solving the problem of gift between husband and wife, and it can truly balance the rights and interests between husband and wife.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：D923.9

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