論新中國成立初期中國婦女地位的提高
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-26 08:56
【摘要】： 新中國的成立，揭開了中國婦女解放運(yùn)動(dòng)的新紀(jì)元。從1949年中華人民共和國成立到1956年社會(huì)主義改造基本完成的7年，中國婦女地位發(fā)生了前所未有的巨變，出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)歷史性的飛躍。對新中國初期中國婦女的解放運(yùn)動(dòng)進(jìn)行探討，對其社會(huì)地位的巨變和飛躍進(jìn)行分析，，從中吸取經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)，對今天的女性解放運(yùn)動(dòng)無疑具有十分深遠(yuǎn)的意義。本文擬分六個(gè)部分對這一問題進(jìn)行探討。 第一部分：《婚姻法》確立了廣大婦女在婚姻家庭中的平等地位。 這一部分以《婚姻法》的頒布為分界線，從兩個(gè)方面對中國婦女婚姻狀況進(jìn)行對比研究。第一，對舊中國婦女的婚姻狀況進(jìn)行概述。第二，論述新中國成立初期尤其是《婚姻法》頒布以后，廣大婦女在黨和政府的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，走上了爭取婚姻自由的道路，初步完成了在婚姻家庭中地位角色的轉(zhuǎn)化。 第二部分：參加生產(chǎn)勞動(dòng)使廣大婦女獲得了經(jīng)濟(jì)獨(dú)立權(quán)。 新中國成立初期，廣大城鄉(xiāng)婦女開始走出家庭，廣泛地參加社會(huì)活動(dòng)和生產(chǎn)勞動(dòng)。土地改革、農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)主義改造的興起不僅使廣大農(nóng)村婦女獲得了一定的生產(chǎn)資料，同時(shí)也賦予了她們與男子平等進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)勞動(dòng)的權(quán)利。城市女工則在各行各業(yè)發(fā)揮她們的聰明才智，在對社會(huì)做出貢獻(xiàn)的同時(shí)，獲得了經(jīng)濟(jì)權(quán)利。 第三部分：婦女參政成為新社會(huì)的主人。 《選舉法》使新中國婦女獲得了選舉權(quán)與被選舉權(quán)，她們不再被排斥在政治生活之外。通過1953年的普選，一些優(yōu)秀的婦女走上政壇，同男子同堂議政。此外，廣大婦女還參加了建國初期的抗美援朝、“三反”、“五反”等政治運(yùn)動(dòng)，并在這些運(yùn)動(dòng)中做出了貢獻(xiàn)，從而使政治地位得到了提高。 第四部分：社會(huì)教育與正規(guī)教育使婦女自身素質(zhì)不斷提高。 新中國成立初期，黨和政府實(shí)行社會(huì)教育與正規(guī)教育同時(shí)并舉的措施。社會(huì)教育使廣大婦女尤其是成年婦女?dāng)[脫了文盲狀態(tài)；正規(guī)教育則為女性 的全面發(fā)展提供了良好條件。這一切，促進(jìn)了婦女文化素養(yǎng)的全面提高。 第五部分:婦幼衛(wèi)生保健工作促進(jìn)了婦女的身心健康。 新法接生的開展，首先保障了婦女的生育安全。各種婦幼衛(wèi)生保健機(jī) 構(gòu)的建立，使婦女的身心健康得到了切實(shí)的保證n 第六部分:新中國成立初期中國婦女地位提高的原因、經(jīng)驗(yàn)及婦女解 放運(yùn)動(dòng)的特點(diǎn)。 這一部分在對以上五個(gè)部分進(jìn)行總結(jié)的基礎(chǔ)上，分析了新中國成立初 期中國婦女地位提高的原因、經(jīng)驗(yàn)及婦女解放運(yùn)動(dòng)的特點(diǎn)。 最后對全文進(jìn)行了總結(jié):新中國初期，中國婦女的解放運(yùn)動(dòng)取得了前 所未有的成就，實(shí)現(xiàn)了質(zhì)的飛躍。然而，婦女解放是一個(gè)長期的歷史過程， 由于歷史和現(xiàn)實(shí)的原因，廣大婦女的社會(huì)地位雖然在總的方面有了長足進(jìn) 步，但依然存在著許多問題。兩性平等還未真正實(shí)現(xiàn)。盡管如此，新中國 成立初期中國婦女的解放運(yùn)動(dòng)所取得的成就還是為以后的婦女解放運(yùn)動(dòng)的 深入奠定了基礎(chǔ)，其影響是深遠(yuǎn)的，在中國婦女解放史上的作用是功不一可 沒的。
[Abstract]:The founding of new China opened a new era of the Chinese women's liberation movement. From the founding of People's Republic of China in 1949 to the 7 years of the basic completion of socialist transformation in 1956, the status of Chinese women has undergone unprecedented changes and a historic leap. The great changes and leaps of social status and the lessons learned from it are of great significance to today's women's liberation movement. This paper is to be divided into six parts to discuss this problem.
The first part: < marriage law > establishes the equal status of women in marriage and family.
This part makes a comparative study on the marital status of Chinese women from two aspects. First, the marriage status of old Chinese women is summarized. Second, after the introduction of the early founding of new China, especially after the promulgation of the marriage law, the majority of women, under the leadership of the party and the government, have embarked on the freedom of marriage. The road has initially completed the transformation of status and role in marriage and family.
The second part: participation in productive labor has enabled women to gain the right to economic independence.
In the early days of the founding of new China, women in urban and rural areas began to go out of their families and widely participated in social activities and productive labor. Land reform, the rise of agricultural socialist transformation not only made the vast rural women obtain certain production materials, but also gave them equal rights to work with men. Each industry exerts their intelligence and intelligence, and has gained economic rights while contributing to society.
The third part: Women's participation in politics has become the master of the new society.
The electoral law makes the women of new China the right to vote and the right to vote. They are no longer excluded from political life. Through the general election of 1953, some excellent women go to politics and talk with men in politics. In addition, the majority of women also participate in the political movements such as the anti American aggression and aid Dynasty, "three anti", "five anti" and so on in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China. The political status has been improved by making contributions in sports.
The fourth part: social education and formal education constantly improve women's quality.
In the early days of the founding of new China, the party and the government carried out the measures of both social and formal education. Social education made women, especially adult women, get rid of illiteracy; regular education was women.
The overall development provides good conditions, all of which promote the comprehensive improvement of women's cultural literacy.
The fifth part: maternal and child health care work has promoted women's physical and mental health.
The birth of the new method guarantees the safety of women's birth.
The establishment of the constitution ensured the physical and mental health of women n.
The sixth part: the reasons, experience and women's solution of the improvement of the status of Chinese women in the early days of new China.
The characteristics of movement.
On the basis of summarizing the above five parts, this part analyzes the beginning of the founding of new China.
The reasons, experience and characteristics of the women's liberation movement are the reasons for the improvement of the status of Chinese women.
Finally, the paper concludes: in the early days of new China, the liberation movement of women in China was achieved.
However, women's emancipation is a long historical process.
Due to historical and realistic reasons, the social status of women has made great progress in general.
Step by step, but there are still many problems. Gender equality has not yet been realized. Nevertheless, new China
In the early days of the founding of the Chinese people's liberation movement, the achievements of the women's liberation movement were still for the future women's liberation movement.
The foundation has been laid in depth, its influence is far-reaching, and its role in the history of Chinese women's liberation is varied.
No, no.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2003
【分類號(hào)】：K27;D442.9
本文編號(hào)：2145500
[Abstract]:The founding of new China opened a new era of the Chinese women's liberation movement. From the founding of People's Republic of China in 1949 to the 7 years of the basic completion of socialist transformation in 1956, the status of Chinese women has undergone unprecedented changes and a historic leap. The great changes and leaps of social status and the lessons learned from it are of great significance to today's women's liberation movement. This paper is to be divided into six parts to discuss this problem.
The first part: < marriage law > establishes the equal status of women in marriage and family.
This part makes a comparative study on the marital status of Chinese women from two aspects. First, the marriage status of old Chinese women is summarized. Second, after the introduction of the early founding of new China, especially after the promulgation of the marriage law, the majority of women, under the leadership of the party and the government, have embarked on the freedom of marriage. The road has initially completed the transformation of status and role in marriage and family.
The second part: participation in productive labor has enabled women to gain the right to economic independence.
In the early days of the founding of new China, women in urban and rural areas began to go out of their families and widely participated in social activities and productive labor. Land reform, the rise of agricultural socialist transformation not only made the vast rural women obtain certain production materials, but also gave them equal rights to work with men. Each industry exerts their intelligence and intelligence, and has gained economic rights while contributing to society.
The third part: Women's participation in politics has become the master of the new society.
The electoral law makes the women of new China the right to vote and the right to vote. They are no longer excluded from political life. Through the general election of 1953, some excellent women go to politics and talk with men in politics. In addition, the majority of women also participate in the political movements such as the anti American aggression and aid Dynasty, "three anti", "five anti" and so on in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China. The political status has been improved by making contributions in sports.
The fourth part: social education and formal education constantly improve women's quality.
In the early days of the founding of new China, the party and the government carried out the measures of both social and formal education. Social education made women, especially adult women, get rid of illiteracy; regular education was women.
The overall development provides good conditions, all of which promote the comprehensive improvement of women's cultural literacy.
The fifth part: maternal and child health care work has promoted women's physical and mental health.
The birth of the new method guarantees the safety of women's birth.
The establishment of the constitution ensured the physical and mental health of women n.
The sixth part: the reasons, experience and women's solution of the improvement of the status of Chinese women in the early days of new China.
The characteristics of movement.
On the basis of summarizing the above five parts, this part analyzes the beginning of the founding of new China.
The reasons, experience and characteristics of the women's liberation movement are the reasons for the improvement of the status of Chinese women.
Finally, the paper concludes: in the early days of new China, the liberation movement of women in China was achieved.
However, women's emancipation is a long historical process.
Due to historical and realistic reasons, the social status of women has made great progress in general.
Step by step, but there are still many problems. Gender equality has not yet been realized. Nevertheless, new China
In the early days of the founding of the Chinese people's liberation movement, the achievements of the women's liberation movement were still for the future women's liberation movement.
The foundation has been laid in depth, its influence is far-reaching, and its role in the history of Chinese women's liberation is varied.
No, no.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2003
【分類號(hào)】：K27;D442.9
【引證文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 李從娜;;近10年來建國初期中國婦女史研究綜述[J];北京黨史;2006年02期
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條
1 李從娜;1950年代湖北婦女健康事業(yè)探析[D];華中師范大學(xué);2007年
2 葛世濤;新婚姻法與建國初期婦女婚姻家庭研究[D];廣西師范大學(xué);2006年
本文編號(hào)：2145500
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