本文選題：婚約 + 彩禮　； 參考：《華中科技大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：婚約是我國幾千年來的婚嫁風俗。直至今日,這種傳統(tǒng)習慣仍廣泛流行于社會。彩禮是婚約現(xiàn)象應運而生的產(chǎn)物。然而,時代的不斷發(fā)展和社會的日益變遷,居高不下的彩禮往往會因為婚約解除產(chǎn)生返還的糾紛,甚至引發(fā)惡性事件,不利于社會秩序的穩(wěn)定。雖然,目前有我國最高院頒布的法律文件《婚姻法解釋(二)》,作為彩禮糾紛相關問題的處理法律依據(jù),使得在實際操作過程中,司法審判人員有了可靠的依據(jù)。但是,對于理論界爭論的有關彩禮的法律屬性問題,該條法律解釋規(guī)定并沒有進行比較全面的研究界定,而且彩禮返還規(guī)則的設置過于簡單粗糙,在司法審判實際操作中發(fā)現(xiàn)很多問題和弊端,使得當事人極為不滿,更是引發(fā)了許多社會爭端矛盾。對于出現(xiàn)的這些彩禮問題,我們應該積極予以完善,有必要對彩禮的每個問題進行深入研究,這樣不僅有利于緩解法官斷案實踐依據(jù)與法律的理論知識這兩者的緊張關系,也有利于國家正式法之間與民間習慣鴻溝的彌合。從而提高司法判決中的彩禮糾紛案在社會的認可度,使得司法判決更好的達到其在法律效果和社會效果上的內(nèi)在一致協(xié)調(diào)。本文按照提出問題、分析問題和解決問題這樣的思維邏輯,對文章的結構進行了系統(tǒng)的排列。文章內(nèi)容分為三大版塊,第一版塊為導論,正文為第二版塊,最后一版塊為結論。其中正文中包含以下四個部分:第一部分是對彩禮含義的界定。這一部分我們對彩禮的概念作了介紹,并對彩禮和其他一些相關概念的做了區(qū)分。第二部分是對彩禮給付行為的法律性質的討論。這一部分內(nèi)容主要通過對彩禮給付性質爭議相關觀點的簡要介紹,表達了自己的觀點。第三部分為彩禮返還制度的法理依據(jù)。主要從善良風俗和利益均衡兩個原則著手分析。第四部分對我國當前彩禮返還的規(guī)則的不足及其帶來的影響做了概述。第五部分為構建彩禮返還制度的立法建議。主要是通過上文中對我國彩禮制度的分析探討,指出其存在的問題,進而提出的幾點完善建議:明確彩禮范圍的界定、引入過錯責任制度、確立返還比例標準、明確訴訟時效及起算點、限制請求彩禮返還的請求權期限、明確未辦理結婚登記時彩禮返還的情況。
[Abstract]:Marriage contract is the custom of marriage for thousands of years in our country. To this day, this traditional habit is still widespread in society. The bride price is the product of the marriage contract. However, with the development of the times and the changes of the society, the high bride price often leads to the disputes of return due to the dissolution of marriage contract, and even leads to vicious events, which is not conducive to the stability of social order. Although there is a legal document "interpretation of Marriage Law (2)" issued by the Supreme Court of our country at present, as the legal basis for handling the problems related to the bride price dispute, the judicial judge has a reliable basis in the actual operation process. However, as to the legal attribute of the bride price, which is controversial in the theoretical circle, the legal interpretation has not carried out a relatively comprehensive study and definition, and the setting of the rules for the return of the bride price is too simple and rough. Many problems and malpractices are found in the actual operation of judicial trial, which make the parties extremely dissatisfied and lead to many contradictions in social disputes. As to the problems of bride price, we should actively perfect them. It is necessary to conduct a thorough study on each issue of the bride price, which is not only conducive to alleviating the tension between the practical basis of the judge's adjudication and the theoretical knowledge of the law. It also helps to bridge the gap between the formal law of the country and the folk custom. In order to improve the recognition of the dispute in the judicial decision in the society, make the judicial decision better to achieve its legal effect and social effect on the internal consistent coordination. According to the thinking logic of problem raising, problem analysis and problem solving, this paper systematically arranges the structure of the article. The content of this paper is divided into three sections: the first is the introduction, the text is the second, and the last is the conclusion. The text contains the following four parts: the first part is the definition of the meaning of the bride price. In this part, we introduce the concept of bride price and distinguish it from other related concepts. The second part is the discussion of the legal nature of the act of giving the bride price. This part mainly introduces the views about the nature of the bride price payment. The third part is the legal basis of the bride price return system. Mainly from the good customs and interests balance two principles to begin to analyze. The fourth part summarizes the deficiency and influence of the current rules of bride price return in our country. The fifth part is the legislative suggestion of constructing the return system of bride price. Mainly through the above analysis of China's bride price system, points out its existing problems, and then puts forward several suggestions: define the scope of the bride price, introduce the fault liability system, establish the return ratio standard. It is clear that the limitation of action and the starting point, the limitation of the time limit for requesting the return of the bride price, and the situation of the return of the bride price when the marriage is not registered.
【學位授予單位】：華中科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D923.9

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