本文選題：夫妻生育權(quán)　切入點：體系構(gòu)建　出處：《蘭州大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 生育是人類延續(xù)和親屬關(guān)系產(chǎn)生的基礎(chǔ)，無論法律是否明文規(guī)定，生育權(quán)在人們的心目中，向來被視為人的基本權(quán)利。但是當(dāng)前侵害生育權(quán)的現(xiàn)象時有發(fā)生，突出的有醫(yī)療事故等侵害生育權(quán)的行為、夫妻一方與他人通奸姘居私生子女、非經(jīng)配偶同意人工生育等。同時由于近些年我國各地(例如四川、南京、北京等地)陸續(xù)受理了多例涉及生育權(quán)的案件，引起了人們對生育權(quán)的廣泛關(guān)注。 在我國法學(xué)研究領(lǐng)域，對于生育權(quán)的性質(zhì)是屬于身份權(quán)還是人格權(quán)(即生育權(quán)是由已婚夫婦才享有還是所有公民都享有)沒有定論，學(xué)者們爭議的焦點之一就在于公民個人的生育權(quán)是否應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)玫椒傻谋Ｗo。所以，無論對于生育權(quán)的性質(zhì)持何種觀點的學(xué)者對于已婚夫婦享有生育權(quán)是沒有爭議的。筆者在本文中只討論夫妻間的生育權(quán)，稱為夫妻生育權(quán)。 目前，我國憲法和計劃生育法是從國策和行政管理的角度，對公民生育權(quán)的保護和行使進行調(diào)整。但從民事的角度，對侵害公民生育權(quán)的行為進行調(diào)整的法律規(guī)范還不多，特別是在夫妻之間由于行使生育權(quán)而產(chǎn)生的沖突或者第三人侵害夫妻生育權(quán)的救濟措施方面，幾乎還是空白。主要規(guī)定夫妻權(quán)利義務(wù)的《婚姻法》也僅僅只有“夫妻雙方都有實行計劃生育的義務(wù)”這種原則性的規(guī)定。學(xué)者們對于生育權(quán)的問題也很少問津。鑒于此筆者認為我國應(yīng)構(gòu)建完善的夫妻生育權(quán)體系，同時在對夫妻生育權(quán)的保護方面，我國法律應(yīng)依照國家計劃生育法的相關(guān)規(guī)定，保障公民生育的基本權(quán)利，在民事立法中確立對侵害夫妻生育權(quán)的行為進行處理的原則以及相關(guān)的具體措施。本文采用歷史分析法、案例分析法、中外比較分析法等多種研究方法，對夫妻生育權(quán)的體系構(gòu)建及其法律保護進行詳細的分析和論述并提出自己的設(shè)想和建議。 本文總共分三個部分。第一部分結(jié)合國際社會對生育權(quán)的定義以及我國相關(guān)的法律規(guī)定，界定了夫妻生育權(quán)的概念。第二部分分析了構(gòu)建夫妻生育權(quán)法律體系的依據(jù)，并且提出了構(gòu)建夫妻生育權(quán)體系的設(shè)想。第三部分詳細闡述了對夫妻生育權(quán)進行法律保護的措施，也提出了自己的建議。 構(gòu)建夫妻生育權(quán)的法律體系并且完善對其進行法律保護的措施，既是婚姻關(guān)系中法定義務(wù)的內(nèi)在要求，，也是婚姻關(guān)系民法屬性的直接反映，同時又是保護婚姻當(dāng)事人合法權(quán)益的需要。筆者相信，隨著我國法律制度的進一步完善，夫妻生育的權(quán)利會得到更好的保護。
[Abstract]:Fertility is the basis for the continuation of human beings and the generation of kinship, regardless of whether or not the law expressly stipulates that reproductive rights have always been regarded as the basic rights of human beings in people's minds, but the phenomenon of infringing on reproductive rights occurs from time to time. Prominent violations of reproductive rights, such as medical malpractice, adultery by one spouse and adultery with another, illegitimate children, artificial childbearing without the consent of the spouse, etc., also due to recent years in various parts of China (such as Sichuan, Nanjing, etc.). Many cases involving reproductive rights have been dealt with in succession, which has aroused widespread concern about reproductive rights. In the field of legal research of our country, there is no conclusion as to whether the nature of reproductive right belongs to identity right or personality right (that is, whether the reproductive right is enjoyed by married couples or all citizens). One of the controversies among scholars is whether individual citizens' reproductive rights should be protected by law. No matter what kind of view on the nature of reproductive rights, there is no dispute that married couples enjoy reproductive rights. In this paper, the author only discusses the reproductive rights between husband and wife, which is called husband and wife reproductive right. At present, the constitution and family planning law of our country adjust the protection and exercise of citizens' reproductive rights from the angle of state policy and administration. However, from the civil point of view, there are few legal norms for the adjustment of acts that infringe upon citizens' reproductive rights. Especially with regard to the conflict between husband and wife as a result of the exercise of their reproductive rights or the relief measures by a third party that infringe upon the husband and wife's reproductive rights, Almost still blank. The "Marriage Law", which mainly stipulates the rights and obligations of husband and wife, is only a principled stipulation that "both husband and wife have the obligation to carry out family planning". Scholars also seldom ask questions about reproductive rights. In view of this, the author thinks that China should construct a perfect system of husband and wife's reproductive rights, At the same time, with regard to the protection of couples' reproductive rights, our laws should protect the basic rights of citizens to have children in accordance with the relevant provisions of the National Family Planning Law. In civil legislation, the principles of dealing with the violation of husband and wife's reproductive rights and the relevant specific measures are established. This paper adopts several research methods, such as historical analysis, case analysis, comparative analysis between China and foreign countries, and so on. The system construction and legal protection of husband and wife's reproductive right are analyzed and discussed in detail, and their own ideas and suggestions are put forward. This paper is divided into three parts. The first part defines the concept of husband and wife's reproductive right in combination with the definition of reproductive rights in the international community and the relevant legal provisions of our country. The second part analyzes the basis of constructing the legal system of husband and wife's reproductive rights. The third part elaborates the legal protection measures of husband and wife's reproductive rights, and puts forward their own suggestions. Constructing the legal system of husband and wife's reproductive right and perfecting the measures to protect it are not only the inherent requirements of the legal obligation in the marriage relationship, but also the direct reflection of the civil law attribute of the marriage relationship. At the same time, it is necessary to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the marriage parties. The author believes that with the further improvement of the legal system of our country, the right of husband and wife to have children will be better protected.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：D923

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 金慧霞;生育權(quán)制度研究[D];華東政法大學(xué);2011年

本文編號：1625362