本文選題：性別平等　切入點：公共政策　出處：《山西大學》2009年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】： 目前,中國社會正處于轉(zhuǎn)型過程中,在現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展和社會進步方面取得了巨大進展的同時,由于社會快速的變化,新的社會問題不斷出現(xiàn),比如大學生就業(yè)難、貧富分化日趨嚴重、女性的不平等待遇等等。這些問題會給整個社會的健康發(fā)展帶來極為不利的影響。解決社會問題需要相關(guān)公共政策的介入加以避免和消除。公共政策是特定的主體對社會資源進行權(quán)威性分配的過程,在現(xiàn)代社會條件下,通過對這種資源的進行合理的分配,對于協(xié)調(diào)社會群體之間的利益關(guān)系、促進社會的整體化發(fā)展、提升社會的質(zhì)量、實現(xiàn)社會的良性運行和健康發(fā)展,有著重大的作用。正因為公共政策針對的是所有社會成員,涵蓋政治、經(jīng)濟、文化教育的方方面面,如果把廣大的女性排除在公共政策的關(guān)注范圍之外,使她們不能從中受益,那么這樣的公共政策顯然是不平等、不公正的。 本文查閱了大量的相關(guān)資料,通過借鑒國外先進的理論知識,并結(jié)合中國特殊的歷史國情,以社會性別平等的視角審視我國現(xiàn)行的公共政策。首先,吸納大量的國內(nèi)外的理論體系,對性別平等的內(nèi)涵、女性主體意識、公共政策的內(nèi)涵及特征做出了基本的概念界定,并且引入社會性別視角對公共政策進行性別分析。其次,以我國推動性別平等的公共政策的發(fā)展歷程入手,整理并總結(jié)建國初期、文革時期到十一屆三中全會時期的發(fā)展脈絡。分析發(fā)現(xiàn),我國已經(jīng)形成了以憲法為基礎,以婦女權(quán)益保障法為主體,包括勞動法、婚姻法、繼承法等法律、法規(guī)在內(nèi)的保障婦女權(quán)益和促進婦女發(fā)展的法律體系,并且把男女平等作為基本國策加以貫徹實施。最后,分析我國現(xiàn)行的人口生育政策、教育政策、就業(yè)政策、婦女參政政策、婚姻家庭政策中性別不平等的具體表現(xiàn)形式,并探究其深層次的制度原因。 本文通過文獻分析法,收集了國內(nèi)外的重要文獻和理論進行分析研究,以獲得重要的理論支持和經(jīng)驗支撐;比較研究法,研究我國兩性平等發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀時,主要從女性發(fā)展為切入點,并以男性發(fā)展為參照來進行比較一定的研究和分析。并結(jié)合國際婦女的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,國外在兩性發(fā)展、婦女發(fā)展方面所取得的成績和經(jīng)驗,以尋求促進我國女性發(fā)展、兩性平等的有效途徑。最后,本文提出只有通過有利于兩性平等發(fā)展的公共政策選擇,把社會性別意識納入決策主流,以及政治、經(jīng)濟、文化教育相關(guān)的機制保障,才能實現(xiàn)真正意義上的性別平等和諧發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:At present, the Chinese society is in the process of transformation. While great progress has been made in the development of modernization and social progress, as a result of the rapid changes in society, new social problems are constantly emerging, such as the difficulty of obtaining employment for college students. The polarization between the rich and the poor is becoming increasingly serious. The unequal treatment of women and so on. These problems will have a very negative impact on the healthy development of the whole society. Solving social problems needs the intervention of relevant public policy to avoid and eliminate. Public policy is the specific main body. The process of authoritative allocation of social resources, Under the condition of modern society, through the rational allocation of this kind of resources, it can coordinate the benefit relations among social groups, promote the whole development of society, improve the quality of society, realize the healthy operation and healthy development of society. Because public policy is aimed at all members of society, covering all aspects of politics, economics, culture and education, if women are excluded from public policy concerns, they cannot benefit from it. Well, such a public policy is clearly unequal and unfair. This article consulted a large number of relevant materials, through drawing lessons from foreign advanced theoretical knowledge, and combined with the special historical situation of China, from the perspective of gender equality to examine the current public policy in China. Absorbing a large number of theoretical systems at home and abroad, this paper defines the connotation of gender equality, the consciousness of female subject, the connotation and characteristics of public policy, and introduces the gender perspective to analyze the gender of public policy. Starting with the development course of China's public policy to promote gender equality, this paper collates and summarizes the development context of the early years of the founding of the people's Republic of China, from the period of the Cultural Revolution to the third Plenary session of the Eleventh Central Committee, and finds that our country has formed a constitution-based system. Taking the law on the protection of the rights and interests of women as the main body, including the labor law, the marriage law, the inheritance law and other laws and regulations, the legal system to protect the rights and interests of women and promote their development, and to implement equality between men and women as a basic national policy. Finally, This paper analyzes the specific forms of gender inequality in the current population fertility policy, education policy, employment policy, women's participation in politics and marriage and family policy, and probes into its deep-seated institutional reasons. Through literature analysis, this paper collects important literature and theories at home and abroad for analysis and research, in order to obtain important theoretical support and empirical support. Mainly from the perspective of female development, and taking male development as a reference, to carry out certain research and analysis, and to combine the current situation of international women's development, the achievements and experiences of foreign countries in the field of gender development and women's development, In order to find an effective way to promote the development of women and gender equality in our country. Finally, this paper proposes that only through the choice of public policies conducive to the development of gender equality, gender awareness be mainstreamed in decision-making, as well as political and economic. Only the mechanism guarantee of culture and education can realize the real gender equality and harmonious development.
【學位授予單位】：山西大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：C913.1

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本文編號：1590380