【摘要】： 氣候變化日益成為全球共同關注的話題,自1979年第一次世界氣候大會上,氣候變化首次作為一個引起國際社會關注的問題提上議程。隨后,近年來氣候變化為越來越多的國家所重視,其帶來的不利影響和災害已嚴重威脅到了人類的生存和環(huán)境的永續(xù)發(fā)展。我國同樣受到氣候變化的嚴重影響,我國未來的氣候變暖趨勢將進一步加劇;極端天氣氣候事件發(fā)生頻率可能增加;降水分布不均現象更加明顯,強降水事件發(fā)生頻率增加;干旱區(qū)范圍可能擴大;海平面上升趨勢進一步加劇。特別是1997年,受近百年罕見的強厄爾尼諾現象的影響,全球范圍內出現氣候異常,自然災害頻繁發(fā)生。我國氣候持續(xù)變暖,出現以高溫和北方干旱為特征的氣象災害,是農業(yè)氣候條件較差的年份。面對氣候變化帶來的不利影響,我國也相繼出臺了一系列的措施和行動。先后出臺了《中國應對氣候變化方案》(以下簡稱《方案》)和《中國應對氣候變化的政策與行動》白皮書等應對氣候變化的方案。 氣候變化不僅對我國的環(huán)境形成威脅,還對中國經濟的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略、能源戰(zhàn)略、溫室氣候控制、沿海地區(qū)發(fā)展以及農業(yè)林業(yè)資源等方面都形成嚴峻的挑戰(zhàn)。因此,應對氣候變化已經成為擺在中國面前的重要任務。我國為應對氣候變化亦作出了相應的努力,積極參與應對氣候變化的國際合作,承擔有關國際條約確定的減排義務等等。去年,隨著《方案》和《白皮書》的出臺,更表明了我國應對氣候變化的決心�！斗桨浮泛汀栋灼犯轻槍χ袊鴼夂蜃兓默F狀及挑戰(zhàn)制定了相應的應對氣候變化的原則和機制。 本文正是在對《方案》和《白皮書》解讀的基礎上,針對中國的具體國情,來分析我國應該如何從法律制度層次應對氣候變化。這些法律對策中,既有現有法律法規(guī)的規(guī)定,又有對外國法律制度的借鑒,同時,對減緩氣候變化的重要內容一清潔生產作出了一定的分析。希望探求一條應對氣候變化的法律道路,以求中國應對氣候變化的活動和措施能夠規(guī)范化和制度化。 本文共分為三大部分,第一部分,中國應對氣候變化的現狀及挑戰(zhàn)。系統(tǒng)介紹中國氣候變化的現狀及挑戰(zhàn),為有針對性的采取應對氣候變化的措施提供依據。 第二部分,中國應對氣候變化的制度和原則。該部分結合《方案》和《白皮書》的有關內容對我國現行的應對氣候變化的制度原則進行分析,為采取應對氣候變化的措施提供原則方面的指導。 第三部分,中國應對氣候變化的法律對策。該部分也是本文的核心部分,分別從現有法律規(guī)定、如何完善相關法律制度、如何實現氣候變化的法律救濟、國際合作的法律規(guī)定以及提高國民應對氣候變化的法律意識等方面進行分析。為中國應對氣候變化提供相應的法律參考。
[Abstract]:Since the first World Climate Conference in 1979, climate change has been put on the agenda for the first time as an issue of concern to the international community. Subsequently, in recent years, more and more countries pay attention to climate change, its adverse effects and disasters have seriously threatened the survival of human beings and the sustainable development of the environment. China is also seriously affected by climate change, the trend of climate warming in the future will be further intensified, the frequency of extreme weather events may increase, the uneven distribution of precipitation is more obvious, and the frequency of heavy precipitation events will increase. The arid area is likely to expand; the sea-level rise trend is further intensified. Especially in 1997, influenced by the rare strong El Ni 帽 o phenomenon in recent 100 years, the global climate anomalies and natural disasters occurred frequently. Weather disasters characterized by high temperature and drought in northern China are characterized by continuous warming of climate in China, which is a year of poor agricultural climate conditions. In the face of the adverse effects of climate change, China has also issued a series of measures and actions. The plan to deal with climate change has been issued successively, such as "China's Climate change Program" (hereinafter referred to as "the Plan") and "China's policies and actions to deal with Climate change", and other white papers to deal with climate change. Climate change not only poses a threat to China's environment, but also poses a serious challenge to China's economic development strategy, energy strategy, greenhouse climate control, coastal development and agricultural and forestry resources. Therefore, dealing with climate change has become an important task in front of China. China has also made corresponding efforts to deal with climate change, actively participate in the international cooperation to combat climate change, undertake the emission reduction obligations established by relevant international treaties, and so on. Last year, with the introduction of the Programme and the White Paper, It also shows China's determination to deal with climate change. The Program and the White Paper also formulate the corresponding principles and mechanisms to deal with the present situation and challenges of climate change in China. Based on the interpretation of "Plan" and "White Paper", this paper analyzes how to deal with climate change from the level of legal system according to China's specific national conditions. Among these legal countermeasures, there are not only the provisions of existing laws and regulations, but also the reference to foreign legal systems. At the same time, some analysis is made on cleaner production, an important content of mitigating climate change. We hope to explore a legal path to deal with climate change, so that China's activities and measures to deal with climate change can be standardized and institutionalized. This paper is divided into three parts, the first part, China's response to climate change status and challenges. The present situation and challenges of climate change in China are systematically introduced in order to provide the basis for targeted measures to deal with climate change. The second part, China's response to climate change system and principles. This part analyzes the current institutional principles of climate change in China in the light of the relevant contents of the Plan and the White Paper, and provides the guidance of the principles for taking measures to deal with climate change. The third part, China's legal response to climate change. This part is also the core part of this paper, respectively from the existing legal provisions, how to improve the relevant legal system, how to achieve the legal relief of climate change, Analysis is made on the legal provisions of international cooperation and on raising the legal awareness of the people to deal with climate change. To provide the corresponding legal reference for China to deal with climate change.
【學位授予單位】：西南政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：D922.6

【引證文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前6條

1 高大力;英國和蘇格蘭《氣候變化法》述評[D];華東政法大學;2011年

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3 高敏;全降解聚甲基乙撐碳酸酯改性的研究[D];北京化工大學;2012年

4 柳珉;應對氣候變化行政法律機制研究[D];中國地質大學(北京);2012年

5 唐子立;柑橘果園監(jiān)測與規(guī)劃模型的初步研究[D];華中農業(yè)大學;2012年

6 徐靚;氣候變化對自然保護區(qū)的影響及法律對策研究[D];浙江農林大學;2012年

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本文編號：2459223