本文選題：環(huán)境治理 + 環(huán)境法律倡導(dǎo)性規(guī)范�。� 參考：《山東師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：伴隨著人類社會(huì)和科學(xué)技術(shù)的不斷進(jìn)步,我國環(huán)境法治建設(shè)也取得了蓬勃的發(fā)展。但是,讓眾多的環(huán)境法學(xué)者沒有料到的是,這對于環(huán)境治理的效果卻不盡人意,我國的環(huán)境質(zhì)量也越來越讓人感到擔(dān)憂。這表明,傳統(tǒng)的環(huán)境治理模式在日益復(fù)雜的環(huán)境問題面前顯得力不從心,并不斷地暴露出弊端。此時(shí),倡導(dǎo)性規(guī)范的治理模式就應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。倡導(dǎo)性規(guī)范在現(xiàn)實(shí)立法中大量的存在,并呈不斷增多的趨勢。但作為一種新型的治理模式,似乎并未引起理論界足夠的重視。 環(huán)境法律倡導(dǎo)性規(guī)范的本質(zhì)旨在強(qiáng)調(diào)政府與社會(huì)的共同治理,調(diào)動(dòng)民眾的積極性,以此來引導(dǎo)人們的環(huán)境行為。這一模式有助于政府高效地應(yīng)對千變?nèi)f化的環(huán)境問題,并真正的實(shí)現(xiàn)廣泛的民眾參與。筆者認(rèn)為,環(huán)境法律倡導(dǎo)性規(guī)范可以為環(huán)境保護(hù)提供一條獨(dú)特的路徑。 本文總共分為四個(gè)部分: 第一部分,“環(huán)境法律倡導(dǎo)性規(guī)范的概念與特征”,主要是對環(huán)境法律倡導(dǎo)性規(guī)范進(jìn)行簡要闡述,列舉了我國環(huán)境法律中的倡導(dǎo)性規(guī)范大量存在的情況,并借鑒相關(guān)領(lǐng)域?qū)W者的理念,將其定義為“環(huán)境法律倡導(dǎo)性規(guī)范,是指在環(huán)境法律規(guī)范中,提倡、誘導(dǎo)當(dāng)事人采用特定的行為模式,為或不為某種行為,以期達(dá)到某種特定環(huán)境目的的規(guī)范。”緊接著論述了環(huán)境法律倡導(dǎo)性規(guī)范的事先性、引導(dǎo)性、肯定性、政策性等特征。 第二部分,“環(huán)境法律倡導(dǎo)性規(guī)范的社會(huì)適存性及價(jià)值分析”。本部分認(rèn)為,由于傳統(tǒng)治理模式的諸多不足之處,加之政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變的要求,環(huán)境法律倡導(dǎo)性規(guī)范有其產(chǎn)生的必要性,并從環(huán)保意識、環(huán)保文化方面入手,結(jié)合法經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)及可持續(xù)發(fā)展的理論,指出環(huán)境法律倡導(dǎo)性規(guī)范是符合法經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)宗旨的治理方式,因此這種規(guī)范具有社會(huì)適存性。環(huán)境法律倡導(dǎo)性規(guī)范具有環(huán)境法律強(qiáng)制性規(guī)范所不能比擬的諸多優(yōu)點(diǎn),可為現(xiàn)行環(huán)境事務(wù)管理提供新的思路,降低環(huán)境管理的成本,促進(jìn)環(huán)境管理理念的轉(zhuǎn)變,整合現(xiàn)行環(huán)境法律關(guān)系,通過肯定性評價(jià)引導(dǎo)主體的行為,完善環(huán)境法治體系等。 第三部分,“我國環(huán)境法律倡導(dǎo)性規(guī)范的主要類型”。本部分通過對我國現(xiàn)行環(huán)境法律規(guī)范的歸納總結(jié),主要將其分為五類:獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)類規(guī)范、指導(dǎo)類規(guī)范、經(jīng)濟(jì)扶持類規(guī)范、協(xié)議類規(guī)范、普及推廣類規(guī)范。獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)類的規(guī)范是環(huán)境法律倡導(dǎo)性規(guī)范中最顯著的表現(xiàn)形式,是環(huán)境法律倡導(dǎo)性規(guī)范的精髓所在。指導(dǎo)類規(guī)范、經(jīng)濟(jì)扶持類規(guī)范、協(xié)議類規(guī)范分別從不同的角度對環(huán)境相對人的行為進(jìn)行引導(dǎo),從而以相對緩和的方式來達(dá)到社會(huì)所追求的環(huán)境保護(hù)目的。 第四部分,“我國環(huán)境法律倡導(dǎo)性規(guī)范的完善”,這部分是文章的結(jié)論部分,通過對四類環(huán)境法律倡導(dǎo)性規(guī)范的分析,提出應(yīng)正確對待、合理配置環(huán)境法律倡導(dǎo)性規(guī)范,且應(yīng)注重環(huán)境法律倡導(dǎo)性規(guī)范的實(shí)施效果,并針對每一類規(guī)范提出相應(yīng)的完善建議,最終形成相對完善的環(huán)境法律倡導(dǎo)性規(guī)范體系。
[Abstract]:With the continuous progress of human society and science and technology, the construction of environmental rule of law has made vigorous development in our country. However, it is not expected by many environmental law makers that the effect of environmental governance is not satisfactory, and the environmental quality of our country is becoming more and more worrying. In the face of complicated environmental problems, it appears to be ineffective and constantly exposes its disadvantages. At this time, the governance mode of advocating sexual norms arises at the historic moment. The advocacy norms exist in a large number of realistic legislation and are increasing. However, as a new type of governance model, it seems not to have aroused enough attention from the theoretical circle.
The essence of the advocacy norm of environmental law is to emphasize the common governance of the government and the society and to arouse the enthusiasm of the people to guide the people's environmental behavior. This model helps the government to deal with the ever-changing environmental problems efficiently and truly realize the widespread public participation. Provide a unique path for environmental protection.
This article is divided into four parts:
The first part, "the concept and characteristics of environmental law advocacy norms", is mainly a brief exposition of environmental legal advocacy norms, enumerates the existence of a large number of advocacy norms in environmental laws in China, and defines it as "environmental law advocacy norm", which refers to environmental law. In the norm, it advocates, induces the parties to adopt specific behavior patterns, or not for some kind of behavior, in order to achieve a specific environmental goal. "The following is the characteristics of the prior, guiding, affirmative, policy and other characteristics of the environmental legal advocacy norms.
The second part, "social adaptation and value analysis of environmental law advocacy standard". This part believes that, due to the shortcomings of the traditional governance model and the requirements of the transformation of government functions, the necessity of environmental legal advocacy norms has its emergence, and from environmental awareness, environmental protection culture, legal economics and sustainable development. The theory of sustainable development points out that environmental legal advocacy standard is a way to govern the purpose of legal economics. Therefore, this standard has social adaptability. The advocacy standard of environmental law has many advantages unmatched by environmental law compulsory norms, which can provide new ideas for the current environmental affairs management and reduce the formation of environmental management. It promotes the transformation of the concept of environmental management, integrates the existing environmental legal relationship, guides the behavior of the main body through positive evaluation, and consummate the environmental rule by law system.
The third part, "the main type of China's environmental law advocacy standard". Through the summary of the current environmental legal norms of China, this part mainly divides it into five categories: the award class standard, the guidance class standard, the economic support class standard, the protocol class standard, the popularization and popularization class standard. The standard of the award class is the environmental law advocacy norm. The most significant form of expression is the essence of the environmental law advocacy norms. Guidance class norms, economic support class norms, the protocol category norms Guide the behavior of the relative people from different angles, so as to achieve the goal of environmental protection pursued by the society in a relatively mild way.
The fourth part, "the perfection of our country's environmental law advocacy standard", this part is the conclusion part of the article. Through the analysis of the four types of environmental legal advocacy norms, it is proposed that it should be treated correctly and rationally configure the environmental legal advocacy norms, and should pay attention to the implementation effect of the environmental law advocacy norms, and put forward a phase for each category of norms. Finally, a relatively perfect environmental legal advocacy standard system should be formed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D912.6

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本文編號：1940419