本文選題：集體林權(quán) + 產(chǎn)權(quán)　； 參考：《中國海洋大學(xué)》2010年博士論文

【摘要】： 林權(quán)就是森林資源產(chǎn)權(quán)。森林資源產(chǎn)權(quán)的歸屬有國家的森林、林木、林地所有權(quán)；集體的森林、林木、林地所有權(quán)；個(gè)人的林木所有權(quán)、林地使用權(quán)。從橫向上分析,它包括森林、林木的采伐利用權(quán),林上、林中、林下資源采集利用權(quán),森林景觀的開發(fā)利用權(quán)、補(bǔ)償權(quán)、收益權(quán)、流轉(zhuǎn)權(quán)、抵押權(quán)、擔(dān)保權(quán)等。 林業(yè)在貫徹可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略中具有重要地位,在生態(tài)建設(shè)中具有首要地位,在西部大開發(fā)中具有基礎(chǔ)地位,在應(yīng)對氣候變化中具有特殊地位。據(jù)國家林業(yè)局第六次森林資源清查資料,我國集體森林資源占全部森林資源面積的57.55%集體林的產(chǎn)權(quán)落實(shí)問題也一直是林權(quán)制度改革的焦點(diǎn)。通過集體林權(quán)制度改革,“山定權(quán),樹定根,人定心”,激發(fā)農(nóng)民的生產(chǎn)積極性,促進(jìn)農(nóng)民發(fā)展林業(yè),是增強(qiáng)林業(yè)競爭能力的支撐和手段,對于農(nóng)業(yè)和農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,對于農(nóng)民增收致富,對于改善生態(tài)環(huán)境都具有積極的作用。 根據(jù)制度變遷理論,我國集體林權(quán)制度變遷也是一種新制度代替舊制度的過程。我國的集體林權(quán)制度改革經(jīng)歷了土地改革時(shí)期的分林到戶、農(nóng)業(yè)合作化時(shí)期的山林入社、人民公社時(shí)期的山林集體所有統(tǒng)一經(jīng)營階段、林業(yè)“三定”階段。從2003年開始,我國集體林權(quán)制度改革進(jìn)入了新的全面深入改革階段,并以福建、江西等地作為試點(diǎn),建立產(chǎn)權(quán)歸屬清晰、經(jīng)營主體到位、責(zé)權(quán)劃分明確、利益保障嚴(yán)格、流轉(zhuǎn)順暢規(guī)范、監(jiān)管服務(wù)有效的現(xiàn)代林業(yè)產(chǎn)權(quán)制度。 目前,我國集體林產(chǎn)權(quán)制度還存在權(quán)屬不清、權(quán)能殘缺、管理不到位、流轉(zhuǎn)不規(guī)范和處置權(quán)受制約等問題,有必要對現(xiàn)有集體林權(quán)制度進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的改革。從可持續(xù)發(fā)展的角度看,林權(quán)制度改革是實(shí)現(xiàn)森林可持續(xù)發(fā)展的客觀要求,要真正實(shí)現(xiàn)森林可持續(xù)發(fā)展,就必須對現(xiàn)有的森林資源權(quán)利制度進(jìn)行變革和創(chuàng)新。全面推進(jìn)集體林權(quán)制度改革是穩(wěn)定和完善農(nóng)村基本經(jīng)營制度的必然要求,是促進(jìn)農(nóng)民就業(yè)增收、建設(shè)生態(tài)文明、發(fā)展現(xiàn)代林業(yè)的戰(zhàn)略舉措。 在深化集體林權(quán)制度改革過程中,我們應(yīng)以產(chǎn)權(quán)制度和物權(quán)理論為基礎(chǔ),借鑒國外林權(quán)制度的經(jīng)驗(yàn),探索我國集體林權(quán)制度的變革之道。 集體林權(quán)制度改革的重點(diǎn)是所有權(quán)、經(jīng)營權(quán)、處置權(quán)、補(bǔ)償權(quán)和收益權(quán)。針對目前我國集體林權(quán)制度存在的問題,以物權(quán)和產(chǎn)權(quán)理論為基礎(chǔ),本文提出：一是明晰產(chǎn)權(quán),其中包括明晰產(chǎn)權(quán)的具體措施,以及不同的權(quán)利主體的責(zé)權(quán)利；二是規(guī)范林權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn),建立完善林業(yè)要素市場、完善流轉(zhuǎn)程序制度、加強(qiáng)林權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)監(jiān)管；三是放活經(jīng)營權(quán),實(shí)行自主經(jīng)營規(guī)模經(jīng)營、實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)營主體的多元化、完善激勵(lì)措施、提高林業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新能力和規(guī)范商品林的培育采伐管理；四是落實(shí)收益權(quán),完善生態(tài)效益補(bǔ)償基金制度、提高對生態(tài)林的補(bǔ)償、保障征占林地的補(bǔ)償權(quán)、開展林權(quán)抵押貸款和減免稅費(fèi)等。
[Abstract]:Forest right is the property right of forest resources. The ownership of forest resources includes national ownership of forests, trees and woodlands; collective ownership of forests, trees and woodlands; individual ownership of forest trees and the right to use woodland. From the horizontal analysis, it includes forest, forest cutting and utilization right, forest, forest, forest resource collection and utilization right, forest landscape development and utilization right, compensation right, income right, circulation right, mortgage right, security right, etc. Forestry plays an important role in carrying out the strategy of sustainable development, plays an important role in ecological construction, plays a basic role in the development of the western region, and plays a special role in dealing with climate change. According to the sixth forest resources inventory data of the State Forestry Administration, the implementation of collective forest resources in 57.55% of the total forest resources area has also been the focus of forest tenure system reform. Through the reform of the collective forest right system, "setting the right to the mountain, establishing the root, setting the center of the people", arousing the farmers' enthusiasm in production and promoting the farmers' development of forestry are the support and means to strengthen the competitiveness of forestry, and it is also the support and means for the development of agriculture and rural economy. For farmers to increase income and become rich, to improve the ecological environment has a positive role. According to the theory of institutional change, the institutional change of collective forest right in our country is also a new system replacing the old one. The reform of collective forest right system in our country has experienced the period of land reform, the period of land reform, the entry of mountain forest into community, the stage of collective management of mountain forest in the period of people's commune, and the stage of forestry "three fixed". Since 2003, the reform of collective forest right system in China has entered a new stage of comprehensive and in-depth reform, and Fujian, Jiangxi and other places as the pilot, establish a clear ownership of property rights, the main business in place, clear division of responsibility, strict protection of interests. Smooth flow of norms, effective supervision of modern forestry property rights system. At present, there are still some problems in our collective forest property right system, such as unclear ownership, incomplete power, inadequate management, irregular circulation and restricted disposal right, etc. It is necessary to further reform the existing collective forest property right system. From the point of view of sustainable development, the reform of forest tenure system is the objective requirement to realize the sustainable development of forest. In order to realize the sustainable development of forest, it is necessary to reform and innovate the existing system of forest resource rights. It is necessary to promote the reform of collective forest right system in order to stabilize and perfect the basic management system in rural areas. It is a strategic measure to promote farmers' employment and income, to build ecological civilization and to develop modern forestry. In the process of deepening the reform of the collective forest right system, we should take the property right system and the real right theory as the foundation, draw lessons from the experience of foreign forest right system, and explore the reform way of the collective forest right system of our country. The reform of collective forest right system focuses on ownership, management, disposition, compensation and income. In view of the problems existing in the system of collective forest property right in our country at present, based on the theory of real right and property right, this paper puts forward the following points: one is to clarify property right, including the specific measures of clarifying property right, as well as the responsibility rights of different rights subjects; The second is to standardize the circulation of forest rights, to establish and perfect the forestry factor market, to perfect the circulation procedure system and to strengthen the supervision of the circulation of forest rights; third, to liberalize the management right, to carry out the self-management scale management, to realize the diversification of the main body of the management, and to perfect the incentive measures. To improve the ability of forestry science and technology innovation and to standardize the cultivation and harvesting management of commercial forest. Fourth, to implement the right of income, to perfect the system of compensation fund for ecological benefit, to improve the compensation for ecological forest, and to ensure the compensation right of expropriation and occupation of forest land. Carry out forest right mortgage loan and reduce taxes and fees and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D922.6;F326.2

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 劉祥龍;葉金生;;林權(quán)抵押貸款的法律問題研究[J];武漢金融;2011年10期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 裴陽碩;集體林權(quán)制度改革對農(nóng)戶收入影響的研究[D];北京林業(yè)大學(xué);2012年

2 陳榮;毛竹林資源資產(chǎn)評估研究[D];福建農(nóng)林大學(xué);2012年

3 李海權(quán);北京市農(nóng)戶集體林權(quán)制度改革認(rèn)知及評價(jià)的影響因素研究[D];北京林業(yè)大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號：1790728