本文選題：電子廢棄物　切入點(diǎn)：行政許可　出處：《江西理工大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 近年來(lái),我國(guó)電子廢棄物的產(chǎn)生量一直呈現(xiàn)大幅度上漲的趨勢(shì)。未來(lái)幾年內(nèi),我國(guó)電子廢棄物的數(shù)量還將達(dá)到一個(gè)新的高度�？茖W(xué)合理的處置電子廢棄物以及有效的解決由此引發(fā)的環(huán)境資源問(wèn)題將成為制約我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的重要問(wèn)題。電子廢棄物管理的核心問(wèn)題還是其回收處置問(wèn)題。目前我國(guó)電子廢棄物的管理在堅(jiān)持“源頭治理、立法先行”的基礎(chǔ)上已經(jīng)構(gòu)建了相對(duì)完善的法律體系,但是仍然存在著嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題:回收體系混亂無(wú)序,回收利用的主體和責(zé)任不明確;相關(guān)配套管理制度缺失;回收效率低下,資源浪費(fèi);環(huán)境污染日益嚴(yán)重等。可以說(shuō),在現(xiàn)有的法律體系中,行政許可的缺失直接導(dǎo)致了電子廢棄物回收利用的主體和責(zé)任不明確,回收體系的混亂無(wú)序。而現(xiàn)有的事實(shí)上的許可事項(xiàng),因?yàn)槿狈|(zhì)量數(shù)據(jù),信息渠道不暢等原因,導(dǎo)致了相關(guān)配套管理制度的缺失和現(xiàn)有的監(jiān)管體制不能實(shí)現(xiàn)有效的監(jiān)管。 論文分為三個(gè)主要部分:第一部分是對(duì)電子廢棄物管理中的行政許可的概述,并介紹了我國(guó)電子廢棄物管理中行政許可制度的歷史發(fā)展;第二部分介紹了西方主要國(guó)家的電子廢棄物管理中行政許可制度的具體做法以及它們對(duì)我國(guó)的啟示;第三部分是對(duì)我國(guó)電子廢棄物管理中行政許可制度的完善:實(shí)體上,完善電子廢棄物管理中的拆解、利用、處置單位的行政準(zhǔn)入制度以及我國(guó)電子信息產(chǎn)品的進(jìn)口許可制度,推動(dòng)行業(yè)組織的發(fā)展和建立行業(yè)許可制度;程序上,建立預(yù)防性訴訟制度和有效的信息披露機(jī)制。 目前,我國(guó)對(duì)電子廢棄物管理的行政許可制度方面的研究較少,也沒(méi)有形成統(tǒng)一的觀點(diǎn)。行政許可制度的運(yùn)用對(duì)于充分發(fā)揮我國(guó)現(xiàn)有法規(guī)的作用,改變電子廢棄物回收處置的現(xiàn)狀將有重大的意義。論文認(rèn)為應(yīng)該盡快完善我國(guó)電子廢棄物管理中的行政許可制度。 論文的創(chuàng)新之處在于,在我國(guó)電子廢棄物管理的行政許可制度中引入市場(chǎng)機(jī)制,以減少行政許可本身的單方命令性、高強(qiáng)制性可能產(chǎn)生的弊端。建立起政府和電子廢棄物處置單位之間的良性互動(dòng)。 行業(yè)許可的方式逐漸替代行政權(quán)力介入實(shí)施許可的方式是行政許可制度發(fā)展的總體趨勢(shì)之一。論文的創(chuàng)新之處還在于,在電子廢棄物管理中,應(yīng)該積極推動(dòng)行業(yè)組織和行業(yè)許可制度的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the production of electronic wastes in China has been showing a large increase trend. In the next few years, The quantity of electronic waste in our country will reach a new height. The scientific and reasonable disposal of electronic waste and the effective solution to the problem of environmental resources caused by it will become an important problem restricting the economic and social development of our country. The core problem of e-waste management is the problem of recycling and disposal. At present, the management of e-waste in China is insisting on "source management," On the basis of legislation first, a relatively perfect legal system has been constructed, but there are still some serious problems: the recovery system is chaotic and disorderly, the subject and responsibility of recycling is not clear, the relevant supporting management system is missing; It can be said that in the existing legal system, the lack of administrative license directly leads to the unclear subject and responsibility of the recycling and utilization of electronic waste. Due to the lack of quality data and the lack of information channels, the lack of relevant supporting management system and the existing regulatory system can not achieve effective supervision. The thesis is divided into three main parts: the first part is an overview of the administrative license in the management of electronic wastes, and introduces the historical development of the administrative license system in the management of electronic wastes in China; The second part introduces the specific practices of the administrative license system in the electronic waste management of the western countries and their enlightenment to our country; the third part is the perfection of the administrative license system in the electronic waste management of our country: in the entity, the third part is the improvement of the administrative license system in the electronic waste management of our country. To improve the administrative access system of electronic waste management units and the import licensing system of electronic information products in China, to promote the development of industry organizations and to establish an industry license system; Establish preventive litigation system and effective information disclosure mechanism. At present, there is little research on the administrative license system of electronic waste management in our country, and no unified viewpoint has been formed. The application of administrative license system plays an important role in giving full play to the existing laws and regulations of our country. It is of great significance to change the current situation of electronic waste recovery and disposal. This paper holds that the administrative license system in electronic waste management should be improved as soon as possible. The innovation of the paper lies in the introduction of market mechanism in the administrative license system of electronic waste management in China, in order to reduce the unilateral order of administrative license itself. The possible drawbacks of high compulsion. Establish a benign interaction between the government and the electronic waste disposal unit. It is one of the general trends of the development of the administrative license system that the mode of industry license gradually replaces the administrative power to intervene in the implementation of the license. The innovation of the paper also lies in the management of electronic wastes. We should actively promote the development of industry organizations and industry licensing system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D922.68

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