本文選題：環(huán)境侵權(quán)　切入點：環(huán)境社會保障　出處：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學》2009年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】： 隨著社會經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,環(huán)境侵權(quán)案件日趨增加。環(huán)境侵權(quán)是一種對社會性權(quán)益的嚴重侵害,故對大規(guī)模受害人的救濟問題也不再是個人問題,而顯現(xiàn)出社會化的傾向。由于新的侵權(quán)形式的產(chǎn)生,侵權(quán)的救濟方式也會發(fā)生相應(yīng)的變化。環(huán)境侵權(quán)的救濟制度研究,就是研究環(huán)境侵權(quán)這一新的侵權(quán)形式出現(xiàn)后的情況,伴隨著侵權(quán)案件數(shù)量增加、賠償數(shù)額巨大、履行賠償義務(wù)又易導致侵權(quán)人破產(chǎn)的現(xiàn)象,而環(huán)境侵權(quán)的存在又有其社會合法性;或者是在賠償主題不明確的情況下,關(guān)注社會救濟制度的擴張,由社會承擔賠償責任,以保證受害人的合法權(quán)益。日本、德國等國家已經(jīng)在環(huán)境侵權(quán)社會救濟方面邁出具有實踐意義的步伐,對經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和公民私權(quán)利的保護產(chǎn)生了積極作用。然而,我國對環(huán)境侵權(quán)的救濟及損害賠償制度卻存在著諸多的不完善。一個合理的環(huán)境侵權(quán)損害賠償制度應(yīng)能夠兼顧受害人及侵權(quán)者雙方的利益,一方面應(yīng)該使受害者得到及時合理的賠償,另一方面又要使侵權(quán)者對其侵權(quán)行為承擔合理的責任。故筆者在借鑒國外經(jīng)驗的基礎(chǔ)上,來研究環(huán)境侵權(quán)的社會化救濟制度。 本文首先闡述了環(huán)境侵權(quán)社會救濟制度的概述。該部分在分析環(huán)境權(quán)、環(huán)境侵權(quán)概念及特征的基礎(chǔ)上,引出環(huán)境侵權(quán)的救濟。在分析環(huán)境侵權(quán)社會救濟產(chǎn)生原因的基礎(chǔ)上,進而界定環(huán)境侵權(quán)社會救濟制度的概念。即將環(huán)境侵權(quán)產(chǎn)生的損害視為社會損害通過相應(yīng)制度的設(shè)立由有產(chǎn)生環(huán)境侵權(quán)之虞的企業(yè)和國家在一定條件下承擔應(yīng)由加害人負擔的損失從而給予受害人及時有效救濟的制度。 然后文章著重闡述了環(huán)境侵權(quán)的社會保障制度。該部分在分析環(huán)境侵權(quán)社會保障制度概念和性質(zhì)的基礎(chǔ)上,提出構(gòu)建環(huán)境社會保障制度的原則。本部分比較了日本、法國、加拿大以及新西蘭在環(huán)境侵權(quán)社會保障制度上的實踐,從而在我國環(huán)境法領(lǐng)域構(gòu)建環(huán)境侵權(quán)的社會保障制度。該制度的構(gòu)建主要從以下方面著手:環(huán)境社會保障制度模式的選擇、該制度的構(gòu)成要件、保障基金的來源、該制度救濟的范圍和內(nèi)容,并比較分析了疾病醫(yī)療、失業(yè)等社會保障與環(huán)境社會保障的區(qū)別聯(lián)系,從而闡述了環(huán)境社會保障制度的功能。 最后闡述了環(huán)境侵權(quán)社會保險制度。該部分在分析環(huán)境侵權(quán)社會保險制度的來源的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了環(huán)境侵權(quán)社會保險制度的概念及特點。在分析該制度主要構(gòu)建模式的基礎(chǔ)上,比較分析了美國、法國、德國和英國的環(huán)境社會保險制度。最后闡述了我國環(huán)境社會保險制度在海洋領(lǐng)域的實踐與發(fā)展,并提出該制度存在的問題及其完善。
[Abstract]:With the development of social economy, environmental tort cases increase. The environmental tort is a serious violation of social rights and interests, so the large-scale relief problem is no longer a personal problem, but a social. As a result of new infringement forms, tort remedies will be corresponding change. The study of environmental tort relief system of environmental tort, is the emergence of this new form of infringement after, with the increase in the number of infringement cases, the huge amount of compensation, perform the obligation of compensation and easily lead to infringement phenomenon of bankruptcy, and the existence of environmental tort and its social legitimacy; or in the compensation subject under the condition of not clear, pay attention to the expansion of the social relief system, the social liability, in order to ensure the legitimate rights and interests of victims. Japan, Germany and other countries have been in the social environment right infringement relief Take practical steps to protect the economic development and the private rights of citizens had a positive effect. However, China's environmental tort relief and compensation system is far from perfect. A rational system of compensation for damage of environmental tort should be two sides to both the victim and the infringer's interests on the one hand, should make the victims receive timely and reasonable compensation, on the other hand, the infringer bear reasonable responsibility for the infringement. So the author on the basis of foreign experience, to study the environmental tort social relief system.
This paper first describes the overview of environmental tort social relief system. The analysis of environmental rights, basic concepts and characteristics of environmental tort, points out the relief of environmental tort. In the analysis of environmental tort social relief cause on the basis of the concept and definition of environmental tort social relief system of environmental tort. The damage caused by the apparent for the social damage through the establishment of the corresponding system has produced by Yu environmental rights infringement enterprises and countries bear by the perpetrators burden under certain conditions to give timely and effective relief to victims of the loss of the system.
Then the article focuses on the environmental tort social security system. This part analyzes the environmental tort concept and nature of the social security system, proposes the construction environment of the social security system. This part compares Japan, France, in the social security system of environmental tort practice of Canada and New Zealand, in order to build the social environment tort security system of environmental law in China. Construction of the system mainly from the following aspects: the mode of social security system, the elements of the system, to protect the sources of funds, the scope and content of the relief system, and analyzes the relationship between medical disease, unemployment, social security and social security environment thus, elaborated the environmental function of the social security system.
Finally elaborated the environmental tort social insurance system. The basic part in the analysis of environmental tort social insurance system, put forward the concept and characteristics of environmental tort social insurance system. Based on the analysis of the system construction model, comparative analysis of the United States, France, Germany and the UK Environment of social insurance system. Finally, expounds the practice and development of the social insurance system of our country in the field of marine environment, and puts forward the problems of the system and its perfection.

【學位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：D922.68

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 王明遠;德國《環(huán)境責任法》的基本內(nèi)容和特色介評[J];重慶環(huán)境科學;2000年04期

2 王明遠;略論環(huán)境侵權(quán)救濟法律制度的基本內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)——從環(huán)境權(quán)的視角分析[J];重慶環(huán)境科學;2001年02期

3 汪學文;聯(lián)邦德國“環(huán)境責任法”的制定[J];德國研究;1994年04期

4 汪學文;中德環(huán)境民事法律責任的比較[J];德國研究;1997年01期

5 丁以升;侵權(quán)行為法的經(jīng)濟學分析[J];法律科學.西北政法學院學報;2004年01期

6 賀海仁;從私力救濟到公力救濟——權(quán)利救濟的現(xiàn)代性話語[J];法商研究;2004年01期

7 翁里,王曉;環(huán)境法的民事侵權(quán)歸責原則和舉證責任——兼論環(huán)境法民事責任的公平適用[J];法學評論;2002年04期

8 楊素娟;論環(huán)境侵權(quán)訴訟中的因果關(guān)系推定[J];法學評論;2003年04期

9 郝慧;談環(huán)境侵權(quán)損害填補責任的社會化問題[J];河海大學學報(哲學社會科學版);2005年03期

10 安樹民,曹靜;試論環(huán)境污染責任保險[J];中國環(huán)境管理;2000年03期

，

本文編號：1646034