本文關鍵詞： SPS協(xié)定 風險預防原則 WTO法　出處：《山東大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：風險預防原則起源于德國環(huán)境法,在國際環(huán)境法中發(fā)展成熟,現(xiàn)已成為國際環(huán)境法的重要原則之一。在國際貿(mào)易持續(xù)發(fā)展的今天,風險預防原則逐漸呈現(xiàn)出向WTO法滲透的趨勢�！秾嵤﹦又参镄l(wèi)生檢疫措施的協(xié)定》(SPS協(xié)定)是烏拉圭回合談判的產(chǎn)物,用于約束WTO成員國在國際貿(mào)易中的動植物衛(wèi)生檢疫措施,避免產(chǎn)生相關的貿(mào)易壁壘。在SPS協(xié)定中,風險預防原則主要體現(xiàn)在第5.7條,該條規(guī)定在科學證據(jù)不充分時成員國有權采取臨時的衛(wèi)生檢疫措施保護本國境內(nèi)的環(huán)境和人類、動植物的生命健康。隨著人們對環(huán)境保護和自身健康的關注度日益提高,研究SPS協(xié)定中的風險預防原則具有重大的現(xiàn)實意義。然而,無論對于風險預防原則的國際法律地位這種宏觀問題,還是SPS協(xié)定下風險預防原則的適用要件這種微觀問題,雖然相關案例提供了部分線索,有關該原則的討論卻從未止息。在紛繁復雜的爭議之中正確認識風險預防原則,探尋我國對待風險預防原則所應秉持的態(tài)度和做法,是本文重要的寫作目的。本文共分為四個章節(jié)：第一章闡述了風險預防原則的歷史沿革及其向WTO法的滲透趨勢,總結(jié)出風險預防原則的關鍵要素。在此基礎上,分析了SPS協(xié)定中風險預防原則的制度設計。第二章介紹了WTO有關風險預防原則的案例,發(fā)掘當前爭端中風險預防原則與國際貿(mào)易的密切聯(lián)系,分析該原則的適用情況和爭議所在。第三章詳細分析了目前有關SPS協(xié)定中風險預防原則的幾大爭議,在厘清各方立場的同時,以案例判決為依據(jù),提出本文對以上爭議的態(tài)度。第四章揭示了SPS協(xié)定中風險預防原則對我國的啟示,并結(jié)合發(fā)展中國家的角色定位提出了我國面對風險預防原則的應有立場。
[Abstract]:The precautionary principle of risk originated from the German environmental law, developed in the international environmental law, and has become one of the important principles of international environmental law. The principle of risk prevention gradually showed the trend of infiltrating into the WTO method. The Agreement on the implementation of Sanitary and Phytosanitary measures (SPS Agreement) was the product of the Uruguay Round of negotiations. It is used to restrict the sanitary and phytosanitary measures of WTO member countries in international trade to avoid the occurrence of related trade barriers. In the SPS Agreement, the principle of risk prevention is mainly embodied in Article 5.7. This article provides for the right of member States to take interim sanitary and quarantine measures to protect the environment and human beings in their territories in the event of insufficient scientific evidence. Life and health of animals and plants. With the increasing attention to environmental protection and their own health, it is of great practical significance to study the principle of risk prevention in the SPS agreement. Regardless of the macro problem of the international legal status of the risk prevention principle, or the micro problem of the application elements of the risk prevention principle under the SPS agreement, although the relevant cases provide some clues. The discussion on this principle has never stopped. In the complicated disputes, we should correctly understand the principle of risk prevention and explore the attitude and practice that our country should uphold in dealing with the principle of risk prevention. This paper is an important writing purpose. This paper is divided into four chapters: the first chapter describes the historical evolution of the principle of risk prevention and its infiltration into the WTO method. The key elements of risk prevention principle are summarized. On this basis, the system design of risk prevention principle in SPS agreement is analyzed. The second chapter introduces the case of risk prevention principle in WTO. Explore the close relationship between the principle of risk prevention and international trade in the current dispute, analyze the application of the principle and where the dispute. Chapter three analyzes the current SPS agreement on the principle of risk prevention several major disputes. At the same time to clarify the positions of the parties, based on the case judgment, this paper puts forward the attitude to the above controversy. Chapter 4th reveals the revelation of the risk prevention principle in the SPS agreement to our country. Combined with the role orientation of developing countries, this paper puts forward our country's due stand on the principle of risk prevention.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D922.68

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本文編號：1459634