【摘要】：近幾年,商業(yè)銀行委托貸款業(yè)務(wù)迅速發(fā)展,為社會閑置資金的有效運用提供了良好的途徑。商業(yè)銀行作為受托方不承擔(dān)任何風(fēng)險和責(zé)任,商業(yè)銀行應(yīng)按照委托方的要求發(fā)放貸款資金,監(jiān)督貸款資金的使用情況并協(xié)助收回,還可按約定收取一定比例的手續(xù)費,全部貸款風(fēng)險由提供貸款資金的委托方來承擔(dān)。但是由于我國有關(guān)委托貸款業(yè)務(wù)的法律法規(guī)的不完善,導(dǎo)致在司法實踐中出現(xiàn)了大量的問題,不利于商業(yè)銀行委托貸款業(yè)務(wù)的健康有序發(fā)展。 本文內(nèi)容共分為三部分： 本文第一部分對商業(yè)銀行委托貸款業(yè)務(wù)進行了基本界定,介紹了委托貸款業(yè)務(wù)的概念以及分類,通過與自營貸款、信托貸款相關(guān)概念的比較,得出委托貸款業(yè)務(wù)的法律特征,在此基礎(chǔ)上著重分析了委托貸款業(yè)務(wù)的法律性質(zhì)是一種間接代理關(guān)系,并進一步理清了委托貸款業(yè)務(wù)中當(dāng)事人的權(quán)利與義務(wù),明確了商業(yè)銀行發(fā)展委托貸款業(yè)務(wù)的意義。 本文第二部分闡述了我國商業(yè)銀行委托貸款業(yè)務(wù)的立法現(xiàn)狀以及存在的問題。本部分首先列舉了商業(yè)銀行委托貸款業(yè)務(wù)的相關(guān)法律規(guī)定,包括《合同法》、《商業(yè)銀行法》、司法解釋以及部門規(guī)章中的相關(guān)法律規(guī)定,在此基礎(chǔ)上從五個方面重點分析了委托貸款業(yè)務(wù)中存在的法律問題,分別是借款人逾期不歸還本息的責(zé)任分配不明確、委托貸款業(yè)務(wù)擔(dān)保規(guī)定有欠缺、集合委托貸款業(yè)務(wù)的法律規(guī)定不完善、商業(yè)銀行內(nèi)控機制的不健全和委托貸款監(jiān)管法規(guī)的不完善。 本文第三部分結(jié)合我國商業(yè)銀行委托貸款業(yè)務(wù)實踐中存在的法律問題,針對性地提出相應(yīng)的對策建議。具體建議如下：針對借款人逾期不歸還本息的責(zé)任分配不明確問題,筆者認為可以從受托人主張債權(quán)和不主張債權(quán)兩種情況下認定責(zé)任主體與責(zé)任范圍；關(guān)于委托貸款企業(yè)與擔(dān)保人簽訂的合同效力問題可從三方約定和沒有約定兩種情況下確定擔(dān)保合同的效力,針對擔(dān)保合同中受托商業(yè)銀行不積極主張權(quán)利的問題,委托人可以行使介入權(quán)保障自己的合法權(quán)益；從嚴格設(shè)定借款人條件、規(guī)范業(yè)務(wù)操作和建立產(chǎn)品流動機制三方面來完善集合委托貸款業(yè)務(wù)；通過加強合規(guī)性審查、禁止墊付資金以及完善內(nèi)部責(zé)任追究制三方面健全商業(yè)銀行委托貸款業(yè)務(wù)內(nèi)部控制；從統(tǒng)一監(jiān)管標(biāo)準、健全監(jiān)管手段和規(guī)范信息披露三方面來完善商業(yè)銀行委托貸款業(yè)務(wù)外部監(jiān)管。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the entrusted loan business of commercial banks has developed rapidly, which provides a good way for the effective use of social idle funds. The commercial bank, as the trustee, shall not bear any risks and responsibilities. The commercial bank shall issue the loan funds in accordance with the requirements of the entrusting party, supervise the use of the loan funds and assist in the recovery of the loan funds, and may also charge a certain proportion of the handling fees as agreed. All loan risks are borne by the principal who provides the loan funds. However, due to the imperfect laws and regulations on entrusted loan business in our country, there are a lot of problems in judicial practice, which is not conducive to the healthy and orderly development of entrusted loan business of commercial banks. The content of this paper is divided into three parts: the first part of this paper gives a basic definition of the entrusted loan business of commercial banks, introduces the concept and classification of entrusted loan business, and compares the related concepts with self-financing and trust loan. On the basis of the analysis of the legal nature of the entrusted loan business is an indirect agency relationship, the author further clarifies the rights and obligations of the parties in the entrusted loan business. The significance of the development of entrusted loan business in commercial banks is clarified. The second part of this paper expounds the legislative status and existing problems of entrustment loan business of commercial banks in China. This part first lists the relevant legal provisions of the entrusted loan business of commercial banks, including the contract Law, the Commercial Bank Law, the judicial interpretation and the relevant legal provisions in the departmental rules and regulations. On this basis, the author analyzes the legal problems existing in the entrusted loan business from five aspects. They are the unclear distribution of the borrower's responsibility for failing to return principal and interest, and the lack of guarantee provisions in the entrusted loan business. The laws and regulations of collective entrustment loan business are not perfect, the internal control mechanism of commercial banks is not perfect, and the supervision and regulation of entrusted loans are not perfect. The third part of this paper combines the legal problems in the practice of entrustment loan business of commercial banks in our country, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions. The specific suggestions are as follows: in view of the unclear distribution of the borrower's responsibility for failing to return principal and interest in due time, the author thinks that the subject and scope of liability can be determined from the two situations of the trustee's claim of creditor's rights and non-claim of creditor's rights; With regard to the validity of the contract signed between the entrusted loan enterprise and the guarantor, the validity of the guarantee contract can be determined under the circumstances of the tripartite agreement and the absence of an agreement, and the problem of the fiduciary commercial bank not actively asserting its rights in the security contract, The principal may exercise the right of intervention to protect his legitimate rights and interests; From strict setting the borrower's condition, standardizing the business operation and establishing the product flow mechanism to perfect the collective entrustment loan business; Through strengthening compliance examination, prohibiting advance payment of funds and perfecting internal liability investigation system, the internal control of entrusted loan business of commercial banks should be improved. The external supervision of entrusted loan business of commercial banks is improved from three aspects: unifying supervision standard, perfecting supervision means and standardizing information disclosure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D922.28;F832.4

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