【摘要】：1966年《經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)和文化權(quán)利國際公約》以法律的形式確立了經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)和文化權(quán)利的地位,并明確了國際援助與合作對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)和文化權(quán)利實(shí)現(xiàn)的重要意義。迄今為止,國際社會(huì)在這一領(lǐng)域開展了豐富的實(shí)踐。但長(zhǎng)期以來,國際援助與合作的實(shí)踐效果并不十分理想。究其原因有多方面,包括援助方各自不同的政策目標(biāo),受援方不完備的政治經(jīng)濟(jì)體制,有效監(jiān)督評(píng)估機(jī)制的缺乏,以及援助與合作成本過高和資源不合理分配等。 2005年《關(guān)于援助有效性的巴黎宣言》、2008年《阿克拉行動(dòng)議程》都提出了增強(qiáng)援助有效性的要求。克服國際援助與合作面臨的種種困境,提高援助與合作效果,需要國際社會(huì)以先進(jìn)的“人權(quán)本位方針”為核心,堅(jiān)持“人權(quán)本位方針”的政策目標(biāo)和行動(dòng)指導(dǎo)；注重援助與合作資源的合理分配；因地制宜地采用適宜受援國的最佳運(yùn)行管理模式；加強(qiáng)對(duì)援助與合作的監(jiān)督和評(píng)估等。 我國在過去的60年中,對(duì)外援助與合作實(shí)踐很豐富,也取得了顯著的成就,但仍存在著一些不足,應(yīng)從理論研究、法律規(guī)范、管理監(jiān)督和國際合作等方面加以改進(jìn)。
[Abstract]:The 1966 International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights establishes the status of economic, social and cultural rights in the form of law, and clarifies the significance of international assistance and cooperation for the realization of economic, social and cultural rights. So far, the international community has carried out a wealth of practice in this field. However, for a long time, the practical effect of international assistance and cooperation is not very ideal. There are many reasons, including the different policy objectives of the donors, the incomplete political and economic system of the recipients, the lack of effective supervision and evaluation mechanism, the high cost of assistance and cooperation and the unreasonable allocation of resources, and so on. The 2005 Paris Declaration on Aid effectiveness and the Accra agenda for Action 2008 all call for enhanced aid effectiveness. To overcome the difficulties faced by international assistance and cooperation and to improve the effect of assistance and cooperation, it is necessary for the international community to adhere to the policy objectives and operational guidance of the "human rights-based approach" with the advanced "human rights-based approach" as the core; Attention should be paid to the rational allocation of resources for aid and cooperation; the best operational management model suitable for recipient countries should be adapted to local conditions; and the monitoring and evaluation of aid and cooperation should be strengthened. In the past 60 years, China has made great achievements in the practice of foreign assistance and cooperation, but there are still some shortcomings, which should be improved from the aspects of theoretical research, legal norms, management supervision and international cooperation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D998.2

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