國(guó)際人權(quán)法視野下的強(qiáng)迫遷離
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-04-09 14:00
【摘要】：人權(quán)源于人的生命和固有尊嚴(yán)，所有人權(quán)都是對(duì)人的尊嚴(yán)的宣示，人權(quán)又是普遍性的權(quán)利，這在國(guó)際人權(quán)法中體現(xiàn)為習(xí)慣國(guó)際國(guó)法或協(xié)議國(guó)際法所承認(rèn)的、國(guó)際社會(huì)所能接受或承擔(dān)的最低限度的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。但是，受制于人的認(rèn)識(shí)能力，人們所能認(rèn)識(shí)到人權(quán)和應(yīng)然的人權(quán)之間存在巨大差距，這就決定了國(guó)際人權(quán)法中的人權(quán)是一種開放性的概念。但是同時(shí)，我們也不能泛化的理解人權(quán)，必須對(duì)其有明確的界定，才能對(duì)其進(jìn)行有效的保護(hù)。 作為一種嚴(yán)重侵犯人權(quán)尤其是適足住房權(quán)的現(xiàn)象，，強(qiáng)迫遷離為國(guó)際社會(huì)所不能容忍。聯(lián)合國(guó)的各人權(quán)機(jī)構(gòu)做出了大量的一般性意見、建議和決議等文件對(duì)國(guó)際人權(quán)法的相關(guān)條款及其法理進(jìn)行論述，明確了強(qiáng)迫遷離是國(guó)際人權(quán)法所禁止的行為。本文基于對(duì)這些國(guó)際人權(quán)文件的解讀，分析和論述了國(guó)際人權(quán)法視野下，強(qiáng)迫遷離的界定、國(guó)際人權(quán)法保護(hù)人們免遭強(qiáng)迫遷離的依據(jù)、關(guān)于強(qiáng)迫遷離的相關(guān)國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以及現(xiàn)有制度的不足和完善等問題以期為今后的相關(guān)立法或?qū)W術(shù)研究提供一些思路。 本文由三個(gè)部分及結(jié)論組成，具體如下： 第一部分是強(qiáng)迫遷離的概述。這一部分主要論述了何謂強(qiáng)迫遷離、強(qiáng)迫遷離與類似概念的區(qū)分、強(qiáng)迫遷離的特征；強(qiáng)迫遷離產(chǎn)生的原因；強(qiáng)迫遷離引發(fā)的人權(quán)侵害；保護(hù)免遭強(qiáng)迫遷離的法治和人權(quán)理論基礎(chǔ)。 第二部分對(duì)保護(hù)免遭強(qiáng)迫遷離的國(guó)際人權(quán)法基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行論述。這一部分主要涉及對(duì)強(qiáng)迫遷離進(jìn)行國(guó)際保護(hù)的國(guó)際人權(quán)法淵源以及國(guó)家與強(qiáng)迫遷離兩個(gè)部分。后者又包括國(guó)家承擔(dān)相應(yīng)義務(wù)的國(guó)際法依據(jù)、國(guó)家義務(wù)二項(xiàng)內(nèi)容。 第三部分對(duì)保護(hù)免遭強(qiáng)迫遷離的國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行概括和總結(jié)。這一部分主要通過對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)和文化權(quán)利委員會(huì)第7號(hào)一般性意見、《強(qiáng)迫遷離：關(guān)于發(fā)展引起的流離失所的全面人權(quán)準(zhǔn)則》以及《關(guān)于出于發(fā)展目的的搬遷和遷離問題的基本原則和準(zhǔn)則》三份國(guó)際人權(quán)文書的分析而進(jìn)行論述。 結(jié)論部分主要是對(duì)前三章所做論述的總結(jié)，指出了國(guó)際人權(quán)法保護(hù)免遭強(qiáng)迫遷離現(xiàn)狀所存在的不足，并提出了相應(yīng)的完善建議。
[Abstract]:Human rights are derived from human life and inherent dignity, and all human rights are an expression of human dignity, and human rights are the right to universality, as recognized in international human rights law as a minimum standard recognized by customary international law or in accordance with international law, as recognized by customary international law or in accordance with international law. However, there is a large gap between human rights and the human rights to be recognized, which determines that human rights in international human rights law are an open concept. But at the same time, we can't make a generalization of the human rights, and it must be clearly defined before it can be effectively protected. Forced evictions, as a serious human rights violation, in particular the right to adequate housing, cannot be accommodated by the international community The United Nations human rights bodies have made numerous general comments, recommendations and resolutions on the relevant provisions of international human rights law and their jurisprudence, and it is clear that forced evictions are prohibited by international human rights law In this paper, based on the interpretation, analysis and discussion of these international human rights documents, the definition of forced evictions in the field of international human rights law, the protection of people from forced evictions in international human rights law are analysed and discussed. The relevant international standards on forced evictions, as well as the deficiencies and improvements of existing systems, were reported with a view to providing a number of ideas for future relevant legislation or academic research The paper is composed of three parts and conclusions. The body is as follows: The first part is forced An overview of evictions. This section focuses on the distinction between forced evictions, forced evictions and similar concepts, the characteristics of forced evictions, the causes of forced evictions, the human rights violations resulting from forced evictions, the rule of law and human rights to protect against forced evictions The second part of the right to the protection of international human rights from forced evictions On the basis of the law, this part is primarily concerned with the origin of international human rights law for the international protection of forced evictions, as well as the State and the strong Two parts of forced evictions, which, in turn, include the basis of international law on which the State bears the corresponding obligation, and the State II. Part III: International standards for protection against forced evictions The content is summarized and summarized, as part of which is mainly adopted by the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, No.7 Sexual Views,
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D998.2
本文編號(hào)：2455243
[Abstract]:Human rights are derived from human life and inherent dignity, and all human rights are an expression of human dignity, and human rights are the right to universality, as recognized in international human rights law as a minimum standard recognized by customary international law or in accordance with international law, as recognized by customary international law or in accordance with international law. However, there is a large gap between human rights and the human rights to be recognized, which determines that human rights in international human rights law are an open concept. But at the same time, we can't make a generalization of the human rights, and it must be clearly defined before it can be effectively protected. Forced evictions, as a serious human rights violation, in particular the right to adequate housing, cannot be accommodated by the international community The United Nations human rights bodies have made numerous general comments, recommendations and resolutions on the relevant provisions of international human rights law and their jurisprudence, and it is clear that forced evictions are prohibited by international human rights law In this paper, based on the interpretation, analysis and discussion of these international human rights documents, the definition of forced evictions in the field of international human rights law, the protection of people from forced evictions in international human rights law are analysed and discussed. The relevant international standards on forced evictions, as well as the deficiencies and improvements of existing systems, were reported with a view to providing a number of ideas for future relevant legislation or academic research The paper is composed of three parts and conclusions. The body is as follows: The first part is forced An overview of evictions. This section focuses on the distinction between forced evictions, forced evictions and similar concepts, the characteristics of forced evictions, the causes of forced evictions, the human rights violations resulting from forced evictions, the rule of law and human rights to protect against forced evictions The second part of the right to the protection of international human rights from forced evictions On the basis of the law, this part is primarily concerned with the origin of international human rights law for the international protection of forced evictions, as well as the State and the strong Two parts of forced evictions, which, in turn, include the basis of international law on which the State bears the corresponding obligation, and the State II. Part III: International standards for protection against forced evictions The content is summarized and summarized, as part of which is mainly adopted by the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, No.7 Sexual Views,
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D998.2
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相關(guān)期刊論文 前4條
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本文編號(hào)：2455243
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