【摘要】：國(guó)際貨運(yùn)代理行業(yè)市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入政策的變化將使更多的國(guó)際貨運(yùn)代理企業(yè)產(chǎn)生，從而使我國(guó)的國(guó)際貨運(yùn)代理行業(yè)更加繁榮；另一方面，伴隨著我國(guó)加入WTO，特別是經(jīng)過四年過渡期后，我國(guó)已于2005年年底允許外資獨(dú)資經(jīng)營(yíng)國(guó)際貨運(yùn)代理業(yè)務(wù)，這將對(duì)目前大量的中小貨運(yùn)代理企業(yè)帶來嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。在這樣一個(gè)市場(chǎng)背景下，我國(guó)目前還沒有形成一套完善的貨運(yùn)代理法律制度框架，從而導(dǎo)致對(duì)行業(yè)實(shí)踐中的諸多法律問題看法不一，分歧很大。 國(guó)際貨運(yùn)代理業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)營(yíng)范圍擴(kuò)大化、復(fù)雜化的趨勢(shì)使其法律地位突破了傳統(tǒng)意義上的代理人，，而以當(dāng)事人身份參與到貨物運(yùn)輸過程中，此時(shí)國(guó)際貨運(yùn)代理人的內(nèi)涵和外延大大超出了民法代理制度“代理”的含義。貨運(yùn)代理法律地位的不同會(huì)使其承擔(dān)的法律責(zé)任產(chǎn)生變化，因此對(duì)貨運(yùn)代理法律地位的正確定性是解決相關(guān)糾紛的基本前提。而國(guó)際和國(guó)內(nèi)立法尚未對(duì)此形成統(tǒng)一的識(shí)別標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。本文從民法理論和行業(yè)實(shí)踐的角度入手，分析貨運(yùn)代理法律地位，對(duì)其識(shí)別標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行初步探討；并就國(guó)際貨運(yùn)代理業(yè)務(wù)實(shí)踐中容易出現(xiàn)的法律難題，在結(jié)合典型案例的基礎(chǔ)上，予以深刻剖析和研究。對(duì)一些案例進(jìn)行深入地分析，希望能進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)對(duì)國(guó)際貨運(yùn)代理多重角色的了解，以及找到預(yù)防事故發(fā)生和處理爭(zhēng)議與糾紛的正確方法。 目前，國(guó)際貨運(yùn)代理由于其經(jīng)營(yíng)業(yè)務(wù)的特殊性，其法律地位通常被分成兩類，第一類是指作為代理人的法律地位，第二類是指作為當(dāng)事人的法律地位。文章在這個(gè)分類基礎(chǔ)上根據(jù)目前航運(yùn)實(shí)踐的新發(fā)展，進(jìn)一步將其分為狹義代理、獨(dú)立經(jīng)營(yíng)人以及綜合服務(wù)提供者三類，并分別論述了其不同的責(zé)任劃分。 分析問題，解決問題是本文要旨。文章從分析實(shí)證主義法學(xué)的觀點(diǎn)出發(fā)，在借鑒世界上先進(jìn)的國(guó)際貨運(yùn)代理制度規(guī)定的基礎(chǔ)上，分析我國(guó)國(guó)際貨運(yùn)代理制度，重點(diǎn)研究國(guó)際貨運(yùn)代理業(yè)務(wù)中容易出現(xiàn)的法律難題，并提出了自己的觀點(diǎn)。在論述的過程中，首先闡述了國(guó)際貨運(yùn)代理的法律概念以及法律上的分類；接著重點(diǎn)分析了《合同法》對(duì)我國(guó)國(guó)際貨運(yùn)代理法律關(guān)系的影響、貨運(yùn)代理法律地位的界定、識(shí)別標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以及貨運(yùn)代理提單的法律問題。通過分析論述，明確了調(diào)整我國(guó)貨運(yùn)代理關(guān)系的法律規(guī)范，也
[Abstract]:The change of market access policy of international freight forwarding industry will make more international freight forwarders produce, thus make our country's international freight forwarding industry more prosperous. On the other hand, with China's entry into WTO, especially after the transition period of four years, our country has allowed the sole foreign investment to conduct international freight forwarding business at the end of 2005, which will bring severe challenges to a large number of small and medium-sized freight forwarders at present. In such a market background, China has not yet formed a set of perfect legal framework of freight forwarder, which leads to different views on many legal issues in the practice of the industry. The expansion and complication of the international freight forwarding business make its legal status break through the traditional sense of the agent, and participate in the process of cargo transportation as a party. At this time, the connotation and extension of international freight forwarders greatly exceed the meaning of civil law agency system. The different legal status of freight forwarders will change their legal liability, so the correct characterization of the legal status of freight forwarders is the basic premise to solve the related disputes. However, the international and domestic legislation has not yet formed a unified identification standard. From the angle of civil law theory and industry practice, this paper analyzes the legal status of freight forwarder, and makes a preliminary discussion on its identification standard. On the basis of the typical cases, the author makes a deep analysis and research on the legal problems which are easy to appear in the practice of international freight forwarder. It is hoped that the analysis of some cases will further promote the understanding of the multiple roles of international freight forwarders and find out the correct ways to prevent accidents and to deal with disputes and disputes. At present, because of the particularity of its business, the legal status of international freight forwarders is usually divided into two categories: the first is the legal status as an agent, and the second is the legal status as a party. On the basis of this classification, according to the new development of shipping practice at present, the paper further divides it into three categories: narrow sense agent, independent operator and comprehensive service provider, and discusses its different responsibility division respectively. Analyzing and solving problems is the main purpose of this paper. From the point of view of positivist jurisprudence, this paper analyzes the international freight forwarder system in China on the basis of the advanced international freight forwarder system in the world, and focuses on the legal problems which are easy to appear in the international freight forwarder business. And put forward their own point of view. In the process of discussion, firstly, the legal concept and legal classification of international freight forwarding agent are expounded. Then it analyzes the influence of contract Law on the legal relationship of international freight forwarders in China, the definition of legal status of freight forwarders, the identification criteria and the legal problems of freight forwarder bills of lading. Through the analysis and discussion, this paper clarifies the legal norms of adjusting the freight forwarding relations in China, and also
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號(hào)】：D996.1;D923.6

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 郭萍;國(guó)際貨運(yùn)代理人含義及其法律地位探析[J];中國(guó)海商法年刊;2001年00期

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