中國應(yīng)對美國反補(bǔ)貼措施的法律策略分析
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-31 14:04
【摘要】：隨著2001年中國加入WTO以來，對外貿(mào)易取得突飛猛進(jìn)的發(fā)展，一躍成為世界第二大貨物出口國。同時，中美之間的貿(mào)易摩擦也急速上升。目前，美國對華貿(mào)易的主要救濟(jì)手段是反補(bǔ)貼，通過研究美國反補(bǔ)貼法如何適用于中國，從而為中國應(yīng)對美國的“雙反”調(diào)查提供理論和實(shí)踐依據(jù)，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)以下目標(biāo)：（i）著重從非市場經(jīng)濟(jì)地位、反傾銷和反補(bǔ)貼重復(fù)救濟(jì)，以及如何具體在對華反補(bǔ)貼案中適用，分析美國對華反補(bǔ)貼的具體運(yùn)作、救濟(jì)效果、涉及領(lǐng)域及對中國的影響；（ii）中國如何從法律層面尋求應(yīng)對美國反補(bǔ)貼的相關(guān)對策。 本文的主體結(jié)構(gòu)如下： 首先，分析目前美國對中國反補(bǔ)貼的現(xiàn)狀及中國頻繁遭遇美國反補(bǔ)貼調(diào)查的原因，及對中國企業(yè)的影響，深刻認(rèn)識美國對華反補(bǔ)貼問題的嚴(yán)重性。 其次，美國反補(bǔ)貼法對華貿(mào)易適用的分析。通過分析美國如何通過立法實(shí)踐將非市場經(jīng)濟(jì)國家納入反補(bǔ)貼法管轄范圍，就美國對華貿(mào)易采用“雙反”措施的問題進(jìn)行具體論述，分析美國反補(bǔ)貼法對華反補(bǔ)貼案的如何適用。 最后，中國如何在實(shí)踐中保護(hù)中美貿(mào)易中的利益，如何從立法和實(shí)踐層面進(jìn)行完善，不斷在中美貿(mào)易中進(jìn)行博弈。 本文嘗試從理論和實(shí)踐、法學(xué)和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的角度對美國對華反補(bǔ)貼及其影響問題進(jìn)行探討。從分析美國對華反補(bǔ)貼的現(xiàn)狀出發(fā)，對美國對華反補(bǔ)貼問題進(jìn)行立法和實(shí)踐方面的闡釋，重點(diǎn)分析美國對華反補(bǔ)貼適用中的兩個問題：非市場經(jīng)濟(jì)地位和“雙反”措施問題，美國對中國產(chǎn)品特殊的政策和做法，導(dǎo)致了反傾銷和反補(bǔ)貼的重復(fù)救濟(jì)與過度救濟(jì)，由于反補(bǔ)貼所涉及的經(jīng)濟(jì)和政策領(lǐng)域不斷擴(kuò)大，并不斷觸及宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策層面，對中國造成的影響不容忽視，中國政府和企業(yè)有必要做好長期應(yīng)對的準(zhǔn)備，積極尋求應(yīng)對之策。 本文的研究意義在于：隨著中國產(chǎn)品遭遇美國越來越多的“雙反”調(diào)查，雙重救濟(jì)問題也普遍存在；美國“雙反”調(diào)查不僅對中國企業(yè)微觀層面帶來不利影響，也對中國各級政府的宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策帶來不可忽視的挑戰(zhàn)。同時，美國對華的反補(bǔ)貼措施也必將會引起其他國家和地區(qū)的大面積效仿，將會使中國遭遇新一輪的反補(bǔ)貼浪潮，應(yīng)對形勢相當(dāng)嚴(yán)峻。在此背景下，就美國對華反補(bǔ)貼問題從理論和規(guī)則依據(jù)、實(shí)踐做法、救濟(jì)效果和涉及對象等方面進(jìn)行深入研究，并探求中國的應(yīng)對之策，有著較大的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 在中國入世十一年的今天，進(jìn)入了WTO的后過渡期，隨著中美貿(mào)易逆差的不斷擴(kuò)大，中美貿(mào)易爭端在未來的幾十年里必將更加激烈，而中國如何在世界反補(bǔ)貼的浪潮中立足和發(fā)展將成為一個重要的課題，，這既考量中國應(yīng)對危機(jī)的能力，也督促中國在危機(jī)中尋求機(jī)遇，以便實(shí)現(xiàn)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的共同發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:With China's entry into WTO in 2001, China's foreign trade has made rapid progress, and it has become the second largest exporter of goods in the world. At the same time, the trade friction between China and the United States has also risen rapidly. At present, the main remedy for US trade with China is countervailing. By studying how the United States countervailing law is applicable to China, it provides a theoretical and practical basis for China to deal with the "double countervailing" investigation conducted by the United States. In order to achieve the following objectives,: (i) focuses on non-market economy status, anti-dumping and countervailing repeated relief, and how to specifically apply in countervailing cases to China, and analyzes the specific operation and relief effect of US countervailing to China. Areas involved and its impact on China; (ii) China seeks legal responses to U.S. countervailing measures. The main structure of this paper is as follows: firstly, this paper analyzes the current situation of American countervailing to China, the reasons why China frequently encounters American countervailing investigation, and the influence on Chinese enterprises. Deeply understand the seriousness of the US countervailing problem to China. Secondly, the analysis of the application of American countervailing law to China's trade. By analyzing how the United States brings non-market economy countries into the jurisdiction of countervailing law through legislative practice, this paper discusses in detail the issue of "double countervailing" measures adopted by the United States in trade with China. This paper analyzes how to apply American countervailing law to Chinese countervailing cases. Finally, how to protect the interests of Sino-US trade in practice, how to perfect it in legislation and practice, and how to play games in Sino-US trade. This paper attempts to probe into American countervailing to China and its influence from the angle of theory and practice, law and economics. Based on the analysis of the current situation of US countervailing to China, this paper expounds the legislation and practice of US countervailing to China, focusing on two problems in the application of US countervailing to China: the status of non-market economy and the problem of "double countervailing" measures. The special policies and practices of the United States towards Chinese products have led to repeated relief and excessive relief of anti-dumping and countervailing, because the economic and policy fields involved in countervailing have been continuously expanded, and the macroeconomic policy level has been constantly touched upon. The impact on China cannot be ignored. It is necessary for the Chinese government and enterprises to prepare for a long-term response and actively seek countermeasures. The significance of this paper lies in: as Chinese products are subjected to more and more "double reaction" investigations in the United States, the problem of dual remedies is also widespread, and the American "double counter" investigation not only has a negative impact on the micro level of Chinese enterprises, It also poses a challenge to the macro-economic policies of Chinese governments at all levels. At the same time, the countervailing measures of the United States to China will certainly lead other countries and regions to emulate in a large area, and will make China encounter a new wave of countervailing, and the situation will be quite severe. In this context, it is of great practical significance to study the countervailing problems of the United States to China from the aspects of theory and rules, practice, relief effect and objects involved, and to explore China's countermeasures. Today, 11 years after China's accession to the WTO, China has entered the second transitional period of the WTO. With the increasing trade deficit between China and the United States, Sino-US trade disputes will become more intense in the coming decades. How to base and develop China in the wave of countervailing will become an important issue, which not only considers China's ability to deal with the crisis, but also urges China to seek opportunities in the crisis so as to realize the common development of the global economy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D996.1
本文編號：2215220
[Abstract]:With China's entry into WTO in 2001, China's foreign trade has made rapid progress, and it has become the second largest exporter of goods in the world. At the same time, the trade friction between China and the United States has also risen rapidly. At present, the main remedy for US trade with China is countervailing. By studying how the United States countervailing law is applicable to China, it provides a theoretical and practical basis for China to deal with the "double countervailing" investigation conducted by the United States. In order to achieve the following objectives,: (i) focuses on non-market economy status, anti-dumping and countervailing repeated relief, and how to specifically apply in countervailing cases to China, and analyzes the specific operation and relief effect of US countervailing to China. Areas involved and its impact on China; (ii) China seeks legal responses to U.S. countervailing measures. The main structure of this paper is as follows: firstly, this paper analyzes the current situation of American countervailing to China, the reasons why China frequently encounters American countervailing investigation, and the influence on Chinese enterprises. Deeply understand the seriousness of the US countervailing problem to China. Secondly, the analysis of the application of American countervailing law to China's trade. By analyzing how the United States brings non-market economy countries into the jurisdiction of countervailing law through legislative practice, this paper discusses in detail the issue of "double countervailing" measures adopted by the United States in trade with China. This paper analyzes how to apply American countervailing law to Chinese countervailing cases. Finally, how to protect the interests of Sino-US trade in practice, how to perfect it in legislation and practice, and how to play games in Sino-US trade. This paper attempts to probe into American countervailing to China and its influence from the angle of theory and practice, law and economics. Based on the analysis of the current situation of US countervailing to China, this paper expounds the legislation and practice of US countervailing to China, focusing on two problems in the application of US countervailing to China: the status of non-market economy and the problem of "double countervailing" measures. The special policies and practices of the United States towards Chinese products have led to repeated relief and excessive relief of anti-dumping and countervailing, because the economic and policy fields involved in countervailing have been continuously expanded, and the macroeconomic policy level has been constantly touched upon. The impact on China cannot be ignored. It is necessary for the Chinese government and enterprises to prepare for a long-term response and actively seek countermeasures. The significance of this paper lies in: as Chinese products are subjected to more and more "double reaction" investigations in the United States, the problem of dual remedies is also widespread, and the American "double counter" investigation not only has a negative impact on the micro level of Chinese enterprises, It also poses a challenge to the macro-economic policies of Chinese governments at all levels. At the same time, the countervailing measures of the United States to China will certainly lead other countries and regions to emulate in a large area, and will make China encounter a new wave of countervailing, and the situation will be quite severe. In this context, it is of great practical significance to study the countervailing problems of the United States to China from the aspects of theory and rules, practice, relief effect and objects involved, and to explore China's countermeasures. Today, 11 years after China's accession to the WTO, China has entered the second transitional period of the WTO. With the increasing trade deficit between China and the United States, Sino-US trade disputes will become more intense in the coming decades. How to base and develop China in the wave of countervailing will become an important issue, which not only considers China's ability to deal with the crisis, but also urges China to seek opportunities in the crisis so as to realize the common development of the global economy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D996.1
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