【摘要】：保障措施是國際貿(mào)易三大救濟(jì)手段之一，其重要性不言而喻。迄今為止，隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的不斷發(fā)展，保障措施已經(jīng)被廣泛應(yīng)用于貨物貿(mào)易領(lǐng)域并形成了相應(yīng)的法律體系。而新興的國際服務(wù)貿(mào)易產(chǎn)業(yè)在迅猛發(fā)展的同時(shí)，相關(guān)的法律制度卻并不完善，尤其是對(duì)服務(wù)貿(mào)易保障措施制度的構(gòu)建存在很大的缺失�！斗⻊�(wù)貿(mào)易總協(xié)定》（GATS）第10條對(duì)緊急保障措施的規(guī)定，只是服務(wù)貿(mào)易領(lǐng)域保障措施的原則性規(guī)定，不具有實(shí)際操作性，，今后仍需相關(guān)談判來加以確定。 面對(duì)成員方在GATS多邊規(guī)則框架下進(jìn)一步確立服務(wù)貿(mào)易保障措施規(guī)則的分歧，不難看出分歧產(chǎn)生的原因是國家利益的考慮以及政治力量的抗衡。實(shí)際上根據(jù)服務(wù)貿(mào)易的特性以及保障措施的功能、鑒于發(fā)展中國家保護(hù)國內(nèi)產(chǎn)業(yè)的需要，建立服務(wù)貿(mào)易保障措施制度十分必要。 對(duì)于國際服務(wù)貿(mào)易保障措施的制度設(shè)計(jì)，許多國家做了具體研究并提出了不同的模式。進(jìn)行比較分析之后，發(fā)現(xiàn)借鑒成熟的貨物貿(mào)易領(lǐng)域保障措施體系——《關(guān)稅與貿(mào)易總協(xié)定》（GATT）第19條和《保障措施協(xié)定》相關(guān)規(guī)定的方案最為可行。但同時(shí)，不能忽略服務(wù)貿(mào)易與貨物貿(mào)易的差別，借鑒過程中需要對(duì)相關(guān)概念，如“進(jìn)口增加”、“國內(nèi)行業(yè)”等進(jìn)行明確地界定。 在肯定以貨物貿(mào)易保障措施體系為藍(lán)本的基礎(chǔ)上，大膽地對(duì)如何實(shí)施國際服務(wù)貿(mào)易保障措施進(jìn)行構(gòu)想，包括服務(wù)貿(mào)易保障措施的類型以及在不同服務(wù)貿(mào)易形式下的具體實(shí)施。 研究服務(wù)貿(mào)易領(lǐng)域的保障措施，不僅僅是為了完善國際多邊規(guī)則，更重要的是為我國保護(hù)服務(wù)產(chǎn)業(yè)提供援引的依據(jù)。我國對(duì)外服務(wù)貿(mào)易的成績可喜但存在的問題不容忽視。為了保護(hù)國家利益，促進(jìn)我國對(duì)外服務(wù)貿(mào)易健康有序地發(fā)展，需要針對(duì)目前我國相關(guān)立法的缺陷，就進(jìn)一步建立和完善國內(nèi)服務(wù)貿(mào)易保障措施體制提出合理化建議。
[Abstract]:Safeguard measure is one of the three remedies in international trade, and its importance is self-evident. Up to now, with the development of economic globalization, safeguard measures have been widely used in the field of goods trade and formed the corresponding legal system. While the burgeoning international service trade industry is developing rapidly, the relevant legal system is not perfect. In particular, there is a great lack of the construction of safeguard measures for trade in services. Article 10 of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) provides for emergency safeguard measures, which are only the principled provisions of safeguard measures in the field of trade in services, and do not have practical operation. Future negotiations are still needed to determine. In the face of the differences between member countries in establishing the rules of safeguard measures of trade in services under the framework of GATS multilateral rules, it is not difficult to see that the reasons for the differences are the consideration of national interests and the counterbalance of political forces. In fact, according to the characteristics of trade in services and the function of safeguard measures, it is necessary to establish a system of safeguard measures for trade in services in view of the need of developing countries to protect domestic industries. Many countries have made specific research and put forward different models for the system design of safeguard measures of international trade in services. After comparative analysis, it is found that it is most feasible to draw lessons from the mature system of safeguard measures in the field of trade in goods, Article 19 of the General Agreement on tariffs and Trade (GATT) and the relevant provisions of the Agreement on safeguard measures. But at the same time, the difference between trade in services and trade in goods can not be ignored. In the process of reference, the related concepts, such as "import increase" and "domestic industry", should be clearly defined. On the basis of affirming the system of guarantee measures for goods trade, this paper boldly conceives how to implement the safeguard measures of international trade in services, including the types of safeguard measures of trade in services and the concrete implementation under different forms of trade in services. The research on the safeguard measures in the field of trade in services is not only to perfect the international multilateral rules, but also to provide the basis for the protection of the service industry in China. The achievement of our country's foreign service trade is gratifying, but the existing problems can not be ignored. In order to protect the national interests and promote the healthy and orderly development of China's foreign trade in services, it is necessary to put forward some reasonable suggestions for further establishing and perfecting the system of safeguard measures of domestic service trade in view of the defects of the relevant legislation of our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D996.1

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