【摘要】：保障措施是WTO的一項(xiàng)重要貿(mào)易救濟(jì)措施。在現(xiàn)有WTO保障措施法律制度有待完善、WTO成員保障措施實(shí)踐蓬勃發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀下,為深化和細(xì)化對(duì)WTO保障措施法律制度的認(rèn)識(shí)、為提供對(duì)WTO成員保障措施實(shí)踐明確性和可操作性的指引、為探索WTO保障措施法律制度發(fā)展的推動(dòng)力量和未來(lái)趨勢(shì),對(duì)WTO保障措施法上的權(quán)利與權(quán)力進(jìn)行研究很有必要。 本文包括引言、正文、結(jié)語(yǔ)三部分。在引言部分,首先對(duì)本文選題的理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義進(jìn)行了介紹,其次綜述了與本文選題相關(guān)的中英文文獻(xiàn),并做了評(píng)述,再次指出了本文研究中擬使用的主要方法。 正文部分分為四章,主要內(nèi)容如下： 第一章是對(duì)權(quán)利、權(quán)力及其相互關(guān)系理論、WTO保障措施法基本問(wèn)題以及前述理論在WTO保障措施法上的運(yùn)用的介紹。該章首先介紹了以國(guó)內(nèi)法為視角的權(quán)利、權(quán)力及其相互關(guān)系的法理學(xué)理論,然后介紹了WTO保障措施法的概念、原則、淵源、歷史發(fā)展和價(jià)值取向等WTO保障措施法的基礎(chǔ)理論問(wèn)題,最后闡述了權(quán)利、權(quán)力及其關(guān)系理論在WTO保障措施法上進(jìn)行運(yùn)用的可能性與解釋力不及的范圍。 第二章是對(duì)WTO保障措施法制定和解釋中的權(quán)力的探討。該章選擇了WTO保障措施法上的法律制定權(quán)和法律解釋權(quán)兩種權(quán)力,分別探討了其各自的權(quán)力目標(biāo)、權(quán)力主體、權(quán)力行使方式和權(quán)力行使成果,并認(rèn)為該兩種權(quán)力分別代表著WTO保障措施法的貿(mào)易保護(hù)和主權(quán)利益兩種價(jià)值取向。 第三章是對(duì)WTO保障措施法實(shí)施中的權(quán)利的探討。該章選擇了WTO保障措施法上的保障措施實(shí)施權(quán)、中止減讓權(quán)、成員表達(dá)意愿權(quán)這三種權(quán)利,分別探討了其各自的權(quán)利主體、規(guī)則體系或行使方式,并認(rèn)為該三種權(quán)利中,前兩種代表著WTO保障措施法的貿(mào)易保護(hù)價(jià)值取向,而第三種代表著主權(quán)利益價(jià)值取向。 第四章是對(duì)WTO保障措施法上的權(quán)利、權(quán)力制約與平衡機(jī)制的論述。在該章中,首先,該章從保障措施實(shí)施權(quán)的主動(dòng)性與中止減讓權(quán)的后發(fā)性上論述了兩權(quán)利間的相互制約關(guān)系,從保障措施適格性標(biāo)準(zhǔn)這一聯(lián)系紐帶上論述了兩權(quán)利間的相互平衡關(guān)系,從成員表達(dá)意愿權(quán)對(duì)前述兩權(quán)利的影響上論述了權(quán)利對(duì)權(quán)利的影響關(guān)系；其次,該章從WTO保障措施法上的法律制定權(quán)和法律解釋權(quán)對(duì)保障措施實(shí)施權(quán)施加影響上,論述了權(quán)力影響權(quán)利的結(jié)果是使WTO保障措施法律規(guī)則趨于嚴(yán)格,從WTO保障措施法上的成員表達(dá)意愿權(quán)對(duì)法律制定權(quán)、法律解釋權(quán)施加影響上,論述了權(quán)利影響權(quán)力的結(jié)果是使WTO保障措施法律規(guī)則易于為己所用,并總結(jié)了WTO保障措施法上的權(quán)力和權(quán)利對(duì)保障措施使用難易程度的影響情況；再次,該章從權(quán)力位階、運(yùn)行效果、組織機(jī)構(gòu)等角度論述了WTO保障措施法上的WTO協(xié)議法律制定權(quán)與爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)構(gòu)法律解釋權(quán)之間的相互制衡關(guān)系,并據(jù)此嘗試對(duì)WTO保障措施法未來(lái)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)做出預(yù)測(cè)。 結(jié)語(yǔ)部分是就WTO保障措施法上的權(quán)利與權(quán)力研究對(duì)發(fā)展中國(guó)家之啟示的思考,本部分根據(jù)對(duì)WTO保障措施法上的每一項(xiàng)權(quán)力和權(quán)利的認(rèn)識(shí)以及對(duì)WTO保障措施法發(fā)展趨勢(shì)的展望,對(duì)WTO發(fā)展中國(guó)家成員如何在保障措施實(shí)踐中把握機(jī)遇提出了一些建議。
[Abstract]:Safeguard measures are an important trade remedy measure of WTO. Under the current situation that the legal system of WTO safeguard measures needs to be improved and the practice of WTO member safeguard measures is flourishing, in order to deepen and refine the understanding of the legal system of WTO safeguard measures, to provide clear and operable guidelines for the practice of WTO member safeguard measures, and to explore WTO safeguard measures. The impetus and future trend of the development of the legal system of barrier measures make it necessary to study the rights and powers in the WTO safeguards law.
This paper consists of three parts: the introduction, the main body and the conclusion. In the introduction part, firstly, the theoretical and practical significance of the topic is introduced. Secondly, the Chinese and English literature related to the topic is summarized and commented, and the main methods to be used in this study are pointed out again.
The main body is divided into four chapters. The main contents are as follows:
Chapter one introduces the theory of rights, powers and their interrelations, the basic problems of WTO safeguards law and the application of the above-mentioned theory in WTO safeguards law.This chapter first introduces the jurisprudential theory of rights, powers and their interrelations from the perspective of domestic law, and then introduces the concept, principles, origins and history of WTO safeguards law. The basic theoretical issues of the WTO safeguard law, such as historical development and value orientation, are discussed. Finally, the possibility and scope of the application of the theory of right, power and its relationship in the WTO safeguard law are expounded.
Chapter two discusses the power in the formulation and interpretation of the WTO safeguards law. This chapter chooses two kinds of powers in the WTO safeguards law, namely, the right to formulate laws and the right to interpret laws, and discusses their respective power objectives, power subjects, ways of power exercise and the results of power exercise, and holds that these two powers represent the WTO safeguards measures respectively. The two value orientations of trade protection and sovereign interests are applied.
Chapter 3 is the discussion of the rights in the implementation of the WTO safeguard measures law.It chooses the three rights in the WTO safeguard measures law, namely, the right to implement safeguard measures, the right to suspend concessions and the right to express the will of the members, and discusses their respective subject of rights, the rules system or the way of exercising them respectively. The trade protection value orientation of the measure law, and the third represents the value orientation of sovereignty interest.
Chapter Four discusses the rights, power restriction and balance mechanism in the WTO safeguards law. First of all, this chapter discusses the mutual restriction between the two rights from the initiative of the safeguards implementation right and the backwardness of the suspension of concession right, and discusses the phase between the two rights from the link of the safeguards eligibility standard. The relationship of mutual balance is discussed in terms of the influence of the member's right to express his will on the two rights mentioned above; secondly, the chapter discusses the influence of the right to formulate and interpret the law on the implementation of the safeguard measures in the WTO safeguard measures law, and the result of the influence of the power on the right is that the legal rules of the WTO safeguard measures tend to be changed. Strictly speaking, from the perspective of the member's right to express his will to exert influence on the legislative power and the legal interpretation power, this paper discusses that the result of the influence of the right on the power is to make the legal rules of WTO safeguards easy to use for oneself, and summarizes the influence of the power and the right on the ease of using safeguards in the WTO safeguards law. Thirdly, this chapter discusses the checks and balances between the right to formulate WTO agreements and the right to interpret WTO disputes settlement bodies'laws in the WTO safeguards law from the perspective of power rank, operation effect and organization, and tries to predict the future development trend of WTO safeguards law.
The conclusion part is about the Enlightenment of the study on the rights and powers in the WTO safeguards law to the developing countries. According to the understanding of each power and right in the WTO safeguards law and the prospect of the development trend of the WTO safeguards law, this part puts forward how to grasp the opportunities in the practice of safeguards for the developing countries. Some suggestions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D996.1
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本文編號(hào)：2193127