【摘要】：代理制度是市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展到一定階段的產(chǎn)物,它解決了人們?cè)诮灰谆顒?dòng)中因事事躬親的限制而造成的交易困難,極大的延伸了市場(chǎng)主體的活動(dòng)能力,降低了交易成本�，F(xiàn)在代理活動(dòng)的范圍已不再局限于某一國(guó)或者某一領(lǐng)域而是擴(kuò)展到整個(gè)國(guó)際社會(huì)的方方面面,代理制度已然在國(guó)內(nèi)外扮演重要的角色,其已成為人們交易活動(dòng)的工具,成為人們從事社會(huì)交往必不可少的手段。隨著市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,代理制度必將在更大范圍、更廣領(lǐng)域、更高層級(jí)內(nèi)有所突破。 代理活動(dòng)既然已經(jīng)突破一國(guó)地域限制,必然需要具有統(tǒng)一性質(zhì)的國(guó)際規(guī)則對(duì)此加以調(diào)整,《國(guó)際商事合同通則2004》(簡(jiǎn)稱《通則2004》)中的代理制度正是國(guó)際統(tǒng)一私法協(xié)會(huì)為適應(yīng)國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)的發(fā)展而對(duì)《國(guó)際商事合同通則1994》進(jìn)行修訂后新增的內(nèi)容。1994年頒布的《國(guó)際商事合同通則》并沒(méi)有規(guī)定代理制度,但隨著代理活動(dòng)在廣度和深度上的發(fā)展,規(guī)則的制定者們意識(shí)到這一問(wèn)題已經(jīng)迫在眉睫,便集合各方組織、專家及學(xué)者對(duì)此一問(wèn)題加以研究并制定出了符合國(guó)際商事交易要求的代理規(guī)則,具有重要的理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。以一種示范法、統(tǒng)一規(guī)則及國(guó)際重述方式存在的《通則2004》,必將有利于其代理制度在國(guó)際社會(huì)的普及及發(fā)展。 本文研究的重點(diǎn)即為《通則2004》中新增的代理?xiàng)l款,通過(guò)對(duì)相關(guān)條文分門別類的整合、分析,通過(guò)研究不同學(xué)者對(duì)相關(guān)問(wèn)題的不同見(jiàn)解,同時(shí)通過(guò)比較其與我國(guó)現(xiàn)存代理規(guī)定的異同,對(duì)同一問(wèn)題從不同角度加以闡釋,從而為完善我國(guó)代理制度增磚添瓦。 本文一共分為三個(gè)部分： 第一部分介紹了《通則2004》中有關(guān)代理的基礎(chǔ)性問(wèn)題,介紹了代理的內(nèi)部關(guān)系與外部關(guān)系,介紹了代理權(quán)的產(chǎn)生、確定、范圍及代理權(quán)的終止、代理行為的范圍,并介紹了一種代理分類的情形——公開(kāi)被代理人身份的代理及未公開(kāi)被代理人身份的代理。 第二部分介紹了《通則2004》中的無(wú)權(quán)代理問(wèn)題,主要包括狹義無(wú)權(quán)代理中各方當(dāng)事人的權(quán)責(zé)、狹義無(wú)權(quán)代理的法律效果。此外,介紹了表見(jiàn)代理,即表見(jiàn)代理的理論基礎(chǔ)和信賴基礎(chǔ)。 第三部分介紹了《通則2004》中的利益沖突和復(fù)代理問(wèn)題。利益沖突問(wèn)題主要涉及利益沖突的類型以及效力,復(fù)代理則主要涉及復(fù)代理的特點(diǎn)及復(fù)任權(quán)問(wèn)題。
[Abstract]:Agency system is the product of the development of market economy to a certain stage, it solves the transaction difficulties caused by the restrictions of hands-on in the trading activities, greatly extends the activity ability of the main body of the market, and reduces the transaction cost. At present, the scope of agency activities is no longer limited to a certain country or field, but to all aspects of the entire international community, the agency system has played an important role at home and abroad, it has become a tool for people to trade. Become a necessary means for people to engage in social intercourse. With the development of market economy, the agency system will break through in a wider range, a wider field and a higher level. Since agency activities have broken through the territorial restrictions of a country, It is inevitable that international rules of a uniform nature should be adjusted. The agency system in the General principles of International Commercial contracts 2004 (abbreviated as "General principles 2004") is exactly what the International Institute for the Unification of Private Law (Unidroit) has done to adapt to the development of international economic activities. General principles of Commercial contracts 1994 > contents added after revision. The General principles of International Commercial contracts promulgated in 1994 did not provide for the agency system. But with the breadth and depth of agency activity growing, the rule-setters realized that the problem was imminent and brought together the various organizations. Experts and scholars have studied this problem and worked out agency rules that meet the requirements of international commercial transactions, which has important theoretical and practical significance. The existence of "General Rule 2004" in a model law, uniform rules and international restatement will be conducive to the popularization and development of its agency system in the international community. The emphasis of this paper is the new agency clause in General Rule 2004. Through the integration and analysis of the relevant articles, the author studies the different opinions of different scholars on the related issues. At the same time, by comparing its similarities and differences with the existing agency regulations in China, the same problem is explained from different angles, so as to add bricks and tiles to the perfection of our country's agency system. This paper is divided into three parts: the first part introduces the basic issues of agency in "General principles 2004", introduces the internal and external relations of agency, introduces the emergence and determination of agency right. The scope and the termination of the power of agency, the scope of the agency act, and the situation of a kind of agent classification, that is, the agent who discloses the identity of the principal and the agent who does not disclose the identity of the principal, is introduced. The second part introduces the problem of unauthorized agency in General principles 2004, mainly including the rights and responsibilities of the parties in the narrow sense of unauthorized agency, and the legal effect of narrow sense of unauthorized agency. In addition, the paper introduces the theoretical basis and trust basis of apparent agency. The third part introduces the conflict of interest and the problem of complex agency in General principles 2004. Conflict of interest is mainly concerned with the type and effectiveness of conflict of interest, while compound agency is mainly concerned with the characteristics and the right of reinstatement.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D997.1

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