本文選題：漁業(yè)資源 + 補(bǔ)貼制度��； 參考：《海南大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：黨的十八大報(bào)告提出我們要“提高海洋資源開發(fā)能力,發(fā)展海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)”。南海作為我國海洋資源最為豐富的海域,也是海南省經(jīng)濟(jì)得以發(fā)展的重要依托。有效開發(fā)南海資源是海南省經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的必然,也是我國建設(shè)海洋強(qiáng)國的重中之重。開發(fā)南海,漁業(yè)先行,因?yàn)闈O業(yè)能創(chuàng)造巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。南海,特別是南海深海海域漁業(yè)資源豐富,根據(jù)西中沙海域漁業(yè)發(fā)展?jié)摿υu估,海南至少可以再增加1450艘漁船,用于開發(fā)南海漁業(yè)資源。這樣,每年可新增漁業(yè)產(chǎn)值41.2億元。而目前的實(shí)際情況卻是南海近海漁業(yè)資源匱乏且遭到過度捕撈,同時(shí)南海遠(yuǎn)海漁業(yè)資源豐富且?guī)缀酢盁o船問津”。這一狀態(tài)已經(jīng)引起了公眾的廣泛關(guān)注。究其原因,主要是南海漁業(yè)補(bǔ)貼制度的缺陷制約了我國漁民進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)海作業(yè)的積極性,導(dǎo)致近海漁業(yè)資源的衰退和遠(yuǎn)海漁業(yè)資源得不到有效開發(fā)。 目前南海漁業(yè)補(bǔ)貼制度研究在國內(nèi)屬于研究比較少的一塊領(lǐng)域,迫切需要進(jìn)行深入研究。鑒于此,本文從法律的角度對南海漁業(yè)補(bǔ)貼制度進(jìn)行了研究。全文分為五個(gè)部分：第一部分主要是從漁業(yè)補(bǔ)貼入手對南海漁業(yè)補(bǔ)貼的正當(dāng)性、合法性和必要性以及意義進(jìn)行分析；第二部分則是對南海漁業(yè)補(bǔ)貼制度的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行介紹和分析,重點(diǎn)指出我國南海漁業(yè)補(bǔ)貼制度存在的問題；第三部分是從域外尋求解決之道,重點(diǎn)考察加拿大、美國等主要漁業(yè)大國在漁業(yè)補(bǔ)貼制度上的可借鑒之處；第四部分以WTO規(guī)則為背景,在借鑒域外經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,提出完善我國南海漁業(yè)補(bǔ)貼制度的建議；第五部分筆者對本文的研究結(jié)論進(jìn)行了歸納總結(jié)。 本文的主要?jiǎng)?chuàng)新之處在于：首先,從法學(xué)特別是經(jīng)濟(jì)法學(xué)的角度對南海漁業(yè)資源開發(fā)及其開發(fā)中的漁業(yè)補(bǔ)貼制度問題進(jìn)行分析,以解決海南漁業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)的具體問題,推動(dòng)海南社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展；其次,建議制定《南海漁業(yè)補(bǔ)貼法》,對漁業(yè)補(bǔ)貼的種類、對象、適用范圍、補(bǔ)貼標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、實(shí)施主體進(jìn)行總括性規(guī)定,以指導(dǎo)南海漁業(yè)補(bǔ)貼政策的實(shí)施,且對漁業(yè)補(bǔ)貼的種類進(jìn)行了較為詳細(xì)的概括；第三,建議應(yīng)對建造大型漁船進(jìn)行南海遠(yuǎn)海作業(yè)的漁民給予造船補(bǔ)貼,且金融機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)對建造大型漁船進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)海作業(yè)的漁民給予貸款優(yōu)惠以鼓勵(lì)漁民“造大船,闖深�！�,保護(hù)近海漁業(yè)資源,有效開發(fā)南海遠(yuǎn)海漁業(yè)資源；第四,建議完善我國政策性漁業(yè)保險(xiǎn)機(jī)制和南海漁業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)等。
[Abstract]:The report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) proposed that we should "improve the ability of marine resources development and develop marine economy." The South China Sea, as the most abundant sea area in China, is also an important support for the economic development of Hainan Province. The effective exploitation of South China Sea resources is the necessity of the economic development of Hainan Province and the most important part of building a powerful marine country in China. The development of the South China Sea, fisheries first, because fisheries can create great economic benefits. The South China Sea, especially the deep sea area, is rich in fishery resources. According to the assessment of fishery development potential in Xizhong Sha area, Hainan can increase at least 1450 more fishing vessels to exploit fishery resources in the South China Sea. In this way, the annual increase in fishery output value of 4.12 billion yuan. However, the actual situation is that the offshore fishery resources in the South China Sea are scarce and overfishing, and the offshore fishery resources in the South China Sea are abundant and almost "no vessel interested". This state of affairs has aroused widespread public concern. The main reason is that the deficiency of the fishery subsidy system in the South China Sea restricts the enthusiasm of Chinese fishermen to carry out offshore fishing, resulting in the decline of offshore fishery resources and the lack of effective exploitation of offshore fishery resources. At present, the research on the fishery subsidy system in the South China Sea is a relatively small area in China. In view of this, this article carries on the research from the legal angle to the South China Sea fishery subsidy system. The paper is divided into five parts: the first part is mainly from the fisheries subsidies to the South China Sea fishery subsidies legitimacy, legitimacy and necessity and significance of analysis; the second part is to introduce and analyze the current situation of the South China Sea fishery subsidy system. The third part is to seek the solution from the outside, and to investigate the major fishery countries such as Canada, the United States and other major fishing countries in the fisheries subsidy system can be used for reference. In the fourth part, based on the WTO rules and foreign experience, the author puts forward some suggestions to perfect the fishery subsidy system in the South China Sea. In the fifth part, the author summarizes the conclusions of this paper. The main innovations of this paper are as follows: first of all, from the angle of law, especially economic law, this paper analyzes the exploitation of fishery resources in the South China Sea and the fishery subsidy system in order to solve the specific problems of Hainan fishery industry. Secondly, it is suggested that the "South China Sea Fisheries subsidy Law" should be formulated to provide for the types, objects, applicable scope, subsidy standards, and implementing subjects of fishery subsidies in the South China Sea, so as to guide the implementation of the fishery subsidies policy in the South China Sea. And the types of fishery subsidies are summarized in detail. Thirdly, it is suggested that the fishermen who build large fishing boats to operate in the South China Sea should be given shipbuilding subsidies. Moreover, financial institutions should give loans to fishermen who build large fishing boats to operate in the far sea in order to encourage fishermen to "build large vessels and break into the deep sea," protect offshore fishery resources, and effectively exploit the offshore fishery resources in the South China Sea. Fourth, Suggestions are made to improve China's policy fishery insurance mechanism and the construction of fishery infrastructure in the South China Sea.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：海南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D996.1;D922.29

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