本文選題：電子廢物 + 跨境轉(zhuǎn)移��； 參考：《中國(guó)政法大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著人類(lèi)社會(huì)科學(xué)技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展,電子產(chǎn)品得到了日益廣泛的應(yīng)用,電子廢物的產(chǎn)生量也因此不斷增加。發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家出于經(jīng)濟(jì)利益、環(huán)境考量等原因,不愿將電子廢物在本國(guó)進(jìn)行處置,而是以各種名義將其出口至其他國(guó)家,而發(fā)展中國(guó)家為了追求短期的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益,往往愿意接受電子廢物入境,由此產(chǎn)生的電子廢物跨境轉(zhuǎn)移問(wèn)題已經(jīng)給全球環(huán)境以及人類(lèi)社會(huì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展帶來(lái)了嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)。如何完善電子廢物跨境轉(zhuǎn)移的法律規(guī)制,是國(guó)際社會(huì)討論的熱點(diǎn),也是目前迫切需要解決的實(shí)際問(wèn)題。本文首先梳理了世界上規(guī)制電子廢物跨境轉(zhuǎn)移的立法情況,在此基礎(chǔ)上找到現(xiàn)有規(guī)制體系存在的問(wèn)題,并嘗試提出解決辦法。全文共分為五個(gè)部分: 第一部分是對(duì)電子廢物跨境轉(zhuǎn)移法律規(guī)制的背景介紹。本部分界定了廢物、電子廢物、跨境轉(zhuǎn)移等基本概念,分析了電子廢物跨境轉(zhuǎn)移的成因及規(guī)制的必要性。 第二部分是世界范圍內(nèi)的電子廢物跨境轉(zhuǎn)移的法律規(guī)制框架介紹。本部分分為全球性公約的規(guī)制、區(qū)域性條約的規(guī)制、部分國(guó)內(nèi)法的規(guī)三個(gè)部分,從不同層面分析梳理了電子廢物跨境轉(zhuǎn)移的國(guó)際法律規(guī)制現(xiàn)狀。 第三部分著重研究現(xiàn)有法律規(guī)制制度和存在的問(wèn)題。電子廢物跨境轉(zhuǎn)移法律規(guī)制已形成了無(wú)害環(huán)境管理制度、事先知情同意制度、非法運(yùn)輸控制制度等基本制度,但各層面的規(guī)制仍存在著種種不足之處,本部分的分析為改進(jìn)和完善建議的提出打下了良好的基礎(chǔ)。 第四部分提出了完善電子廢物跨境轉(zhuǎn)移法律規(guī)制的構(gòu)想。根據(jù)現(xiàn)有規(guī)制存在的問(wèn)題,建議在國(guó)際法層面充分發(fā)揮《巴塞爾公約》的主導(dǎo)作用,加強(qiáng)區(qū)域合作,構(gòu)建與電子廢物跨境轉(zhuǎn)移的法律相協(xié)調(diào)的WTO規(guī)則。同時(shí),為使國(guó)際規(guī)制體系更好地發(fā)揮作用,各國(guó)有必要進(jìn)一步完善其國(guó)內(nèi)法的規(guī)定。 第五部分是對(duì)完善我國(guó)電子廢物跨境轉(zhuǎn)移法律規(guī)制的建議。本部分從我國(guó)電子廢物立法、執(zhí)法的現(xiàn)狀入手,分析存在的問(wèn)題,并嘗試對(duì)提出完善建議。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of science and technology in human society, electronic products have been increasingly widely used, and the amount of electronic waste has been increasing. For reasons of economic interest, environmental considerations and other reasons, developed countries are reluctant to dispose of e-waste in their own countries and export it to other countries in various names, while developing countries pursue short-term economic benefits. The problem of cross-border transfer of e-waste, which is often willing to accept the entry of e-waste, has brought serious challenges to the global environment and the sustainable development of human society. How to perfect the legal regulation of the cross-border transfer of electronic waste is a hot topic in the international community, and it is also a practical problem that needs to be solved urgently. This paper firstly combs the legislation of regulating the cross-border transfer of electronic waste in the world, and on this basis, finds out the existing problems in the existing regulatory system, and tries to put forward solutions. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part is the background of the legal regulation of electronic waste cross-border movement. This part defines the basic concepts of waste, electronic waste and cross-border transfer, and analyzes the causes of the cross-border transfer of e-waste and the necessity of regulation. The second part is the introduction of the legal framework of electronic waste transborder transfer in the world. This part is divided into three parts: the regulation of global convention, the regulation of regional treaty and the regulation of part of domestic law. The third part focuses on the existing legal regulation system and existing problems. The legal regulation on the cross-border transfer of electronic waste has formed the basic systems such as environmentally sound management system, prior informed consent system, illegal traffic control system and so on, but there are still various deficiencies in the regulation of various levels. The analysis of this part lays a good foundation for the improvement and improvement of the proposal. The fourth part puts forward the idea of perfecting the legal regulation of cross-border transfer of e-waste. According to the existing problems of regulation, it is suggested to give full play to the leading role of Basel Convention in international law, to strengthen regional cooperation, and to construct WTO rules that coordinate with the laws on the cross-border transfer of electronic wastes. At the same time, in order to make the international regulation system play a better role, it is necessary for countries to further improve the provisions of their domestic laws. The fifth part is to consummate our country electronic waste cross-boundary transfer legal regulation suggestion. This part starts with the current situation of legislation and law enforcement of electronic waste in China, analyzes the existing problems, and tries to put forward some suggestions for perfection.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D996

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