發(fā)布時間：2018-06-09 16:16

  本文選題：中國 + 印度�。� 參考：《武漢大學》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：中印兩國人口占世界總?cè)丝诘娜种灰陨�。作為世界上重要的發(fā)展中國家和新興國家,中印兩國經(jīng)濟的可持續(xù)發(fā)展以及社會、環(huán)境利益均嚴重依賴于自然資源。眾多的人口和強勁的經(jīng)濟增長使兩國對水資源的需求日益增加。如今,這兩個亞洲大國均已開始計劃利用發(fā)源于中國、流經(jīng)南亞的國際河流。然而,由于某些干擾因素(如領(lǐng)土爭端和政治信任缺失),印度媒體反復炒作“中國水資源威脅論”,導致跨界水資源問題日漸上升為一個矛盾點,損害了中印關(guān)系。 談到南亞次大陸的水資源歷史,涉及的國家包括孟加拉共和國、不丹、印度、尼泊爾和巴基斯坦,這些國家均位于喜馬拉雅帶,幾條主要的國際河流也流經(jīng)該區(qū)域。該地區(qū)有著世界上最復雜的國際河流爭端,同時也擁有解決此類爭端較為成功和有意義的合作模式。因此,南亞地區(qū)水資源法規(guī)在國際法上享有特殊重要的地位。所以,我們有必要通過分析南亞國際河流的沖突和爭端解決方式,提出中印跨界水資源沖突的最新解決方法及雙方合作的可能性。 本文共分為七章。第一章介紹選題動機、意義、問題、范圍、研究方法和論文的大綱,同時還包括了國內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究的文獻綜述。第二章主要討論國際水資源沖突、區(qū)域安全和國際水法之間的內(nèi)在銜接關(guān)系。第三章對南亞次大陸的區(qū)域安全和地區(qū)霸權(quán)進行了詳細分析。第四章闡述了南亞國際河流的水資源沖突及解決爭端的合作路徑,包括法律途徑、組織機制、第三方介入和未來合作前景。第五章詳述了中印水資源現(xiàn)狀及兩國對共有跨界河流各自的開發(fā)利用計劃,并指出中印水資源沖突的動機以及上述沖突對兩國關(guān)系的影響。第六章指出中印利用共享跨界河流的不對等性,并提出中印水資源沖突的有效解決方案,建議兩國增強政治互信,引入制度合作安排機制,在水資源利用和水資源管理問題上加強技術(shù)合作,從而實現(xiàn)從“分享水權(quán)”到“分享水利益”觀念的轉(zhuǎn)變來應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn)。構(gòu)建“中國一南亞,水資源區(qū)域合作組織”亦是應(yīng)對“中國—印度—南亞水資源沖突”的一劑良方。最后,本文得出結(jié)論：南亞國際河流沖突和爭端的解決方式,可以為中印跨界水資源沖突的解決方法及雙方合作的可能性提供借鑒。整個地區(qū)的共享水資源的合作前景(不僅包括中印合作,還包括中國和所有南亞國家之間的合作)令人期待。
[Abstract]:China and India account for more than 1/3 of the world's total population. As an important developing and emerging country in the world, China and India depend heavily on natural resources for their sustainable economic development and social and environmental benefits. Large populations and strong economic growth have increased the demand for water resources in both countries. Now, both Asian powers are planning to use international rivers originating in China and flowing through South Asia. However, due to certain interference factors (such as territorial disputes and lack of political trust), the Indian media have repeatedly hyped up the "China Water Resources threat" theory, which has led to a growing contradiction between transboundary water resources problems. The history of water resources in the South Asian subcontinent involves the Republic of Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal and Pakistan, all of which are located in the Himalayan belt. Several major international rivers also flow through the region. The region has one of the world's most complex international river disputes, as well as a more successful and meaningful model of cooperation to resolve such disputes. Therefore, South Asia water resources laws and regulations in international law enjoy a special important position. Therefore, it is necessary for us to analyze the conflict and dispute settlement of international rivers in South Asia, and to put forward the latest solutions to the conflicts between China and India and the possibility of cooperation between the two sides. This paper is divided into seven chapters. The first chapter introduces the motivation, significance, problems, scope, research methods and the outline of the thesis, as well as the literature review of related research at home and abroad. The second chapter mainly discusses the connection between international water resources conflict, regional security and international water law. Chapter three makes a detailed analysis of regional security and regional hegemony in the South Asian subcontinent. The fourth chapter expounds the conflict of water resources in international rivers in South Asia and the ways of cooperation in resolving disputes, including legal approach, organization mechanism, third party intervention and the prospect of future cooperation. The fifth chapter details the current situation of water resources in China and India and their respective plans for the development and utilization of common transboundary rivers, and points out the motives of the conflicts between China and India and the impact of the conflicts on the relations between the two countries. Chapter VI points out the unequal utilization of shared transboundary rivers between China and India, and proposes an effective solution to the water resources conflict between China and India. It is suggested that the two countries should enhance political mutual trust and introduce institutional cooperation arrangements. Strengthen technical cooperation on water resources utilization and water resources management, so as to realize the change from "sharing water right" to "sharing water benefits" to meet the challenge. The establishment of "China-South Asia, Water Resources Regional Cooperation Organization" is also a good way to deal with the "China-India-South Asia Water Resources conflict". Finally, this paper draws a conclusion that the settlement of international river conflicts and disputes in South Asia can be used as a reference for the solution of transboundary water resources conflicts between China and India and the possibility of cooperation between the two sides. Prospects for shared water resources across the region, not only between India and China, but also between China and all South Asian countries, are expected.
【學位授予單位】：武漢大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D993.3

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