發(fā)布時間：2018-06-01 04:19

  本文選題：航空法 + 第五航空權(quán)　； 參考：《西南政法大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：二戰(zhàn)前后，國際民用航空無論是從技術(shù)的發(fā)展、商業(yè)運營還是管理國際合作都取得了長足的進步。1944年在芝加哥締結(jié)的《國際民用航空公約》代替了《巴黎航空公約》，針對國際民航活動制定了一系列的原則和規(guī)定。會議期間締結(jié)的《國際航空運輸協(xié)定》和《國際航空過境協(xié)定》，與《民用航空公約》共同構(gòu)成了《芝加哥公約》的主要內(nèi)容�！秶H航空運輸協(xié)定》的締約國相互之間交換五種營運權(quán)，又稱為空中的“五種自由”。該協(xié)議的前兩種營運權(quán)與《國際航班過境協(xié)定》相同，后三種營運權(quán)在締約國之間才直接發(fā)生商業(yè)性運輸?shù)臉I(yè)務(wù)。第五航空權(quán)一般針對兩個國家的雙邊協(xié)定而言，在兩國的協(xié)定中約定允許對方行使涉及第三國的運輸權(quán)利。第五航空權(quán)的復(fù)雜性就在于它涉及到多個雙邊協(xié)定，并且在不同的協(xié)定中意味著不同種類的航空權(quán)。第五航空權(quán)的開放意味著國外航空公司不僅要分享飛往國之間的市場，同時還要分享到航線上第三國的市場資源。 本文在查閱大量相關(guān)書籍和論文資料的基礎(chǔ)上，運用國際法專業(yè)理論知識，并結(jié)合法學理論的相關(guān)知識，采用歷史研究方法、對比研究方法、實證分析方法等對論題進行了研究。第五航空權(quán)產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展及開放的脈絡(luò)，主要國家開放第五航空權(quán)的態(tài)度、總體思路和相關(guān)的法律制度、各國對待第五航空權(quán)開放不同態(tài)度之間的原因和表現(xiàn)形式、因?qū)嵭胁煌暮娇展苤企w系而產(chǎn)生的不同效果，，以及中國開放第五航空權(quán)的相關(guān)問題進行深入研究。希望通過對現(xiàn)有相關(guān)法律制度的分析，根據(jù)第五航空權(quán)的特點，為中國開放第五航空權(quán)的問題解決找到最可行最有效的途徑。同時也關(guān)注到我國經(jīng)濟戰(zhàn)略走向，在第五航空權(quán)的開放問題上提出自己的見解。 本文除引言和結(jié)語外，共分為六個部分，約三萬字。 第一部分“第五航空權(quán)的法律性質(zhì)”，介紹了航空權(quán)產(chǎn)生的歷史條件和發(fā)展背景，闡述第五航空權(quán)的概念和內(nèi)涵，探討第五航空權(quán)在法律特點以及其自身有別于其他航空權(quán)利的特點。在此基礎(chǔ)上，介紹了關(guān)于第五航空權(quán)的性質(zhì)之爭，分析各方流派的觀點，并提出自己的看法。 第二部分“第五航空權(quán)開放的演進”，闡釋第五航空權(quán)開放在世界上的演進過程，比較研究世界上幾個主要經(jīng)濟體對第五航空權(quán)開放的態(tài)度及相關(guān)的做法，以及第五航空權(quán)開放的發(fā)展趨勢。 第三部分“第五航空權(quán)開放的理論依據(jù)”，根據(jù)國際法理論和經(jīng)濟學理論，分析第五航空權(quán)開放的利與弊，以及在開放中所可能遇到的問題，提出第五航空權(quán)開放的理論依據(jù)和經(jīng)濟依據(jù)。 第四部分“第五航空權(quán)開放度的法律依據(jù)”，根據(jù)對《芝加哥協(xié)議》、GATS航空服務(wù)貿(mào)易協(xié)議、國內(nèi)民用航空法的研究，分析第五航空權(quán)開放度的相關(guān)問題。 第五部分“第五航空權(quán)開放的模式”，介紹了現(xiàn)階段世界各國第五航空權(quán)開放的主要方式。再結(jié)合中國的國情，論述我國第五航空權(quán)開放可能的主要方式。 第六部分“中國開放第五航空權(quán)的國家利益”：有利于國際經(jīng)濟戰(zhàn)略目標的實現(xiàn)；有利于增加經(jīng)濟伙伴、獲得更多的航空資源；對國內(nèi)民用航空產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展具有促進作用。 經(jīng)過上述幾個方面的分析，中國對外開放第五航空權(quán)的逐步開放是不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的國際形勢。經(jīng)過多方比較和分析，得出開放對我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展利大于弊的結(jié)論。現(xiàn)今航空權(quán)開放的主要依據(jù)是國家的指導方針、經(jīng)濟政策等，真正用以規(guī)范開放天空的法律法規(guī)幾乎沒有，僅存的航空法也是側(cè)重于規(guī)范開放之后國內(nèi)航空服務(wù)的內(nèi)容。隨著我國改革開放政策實施的不斷深入，我國經(jīng)濟快速發(fā)展，中國民航也在國家經(jīng)濟的邁進中迅速發(fā)展，開放的力度也不斷加大。特別是在國際航空運輸發(fā)展方面，航空權(quán)開放的政策走向日益明確，我國國際航空運輸發(fā)展受到了重大的影響。中國的第五航空權(quán)開放可以在雙邊體制模式的基礎(chǔ)上，積極推進依仗區(qū)域經(jīng)濟發(fā)展而形成的多變模式。從經(jīng)濟合作伙伴的結(jié)構(gòu)上保障第五航空權(quán)的開放順利進行。
[Abstract]:Before and after World War II, international civil aviation has made great progress in the development of technology, business operation or management international cooperation. The International Civil Aviation Convention, which was concluded in Chicago in Chicago, took the place of the Paris Convention on aviation, and set up a series of principles and regulations for International Civil Aviation activities. The air transport agreement and the international air transit agreement, together with the Civil Aviation Convention, constitute the main contents of the Chicago convention. The States parties to the international air transport agreement exchange five operating rights between each other, also known as "five freedoms" in the air. The first two kinds of operational rights of the agreement are the same as those of the international flight transit agreement, and three The right to operate directly between a Contracting State. Fifth the right to aviation is generally agreed in the bilateral agreements of two countries to allow the other to exercise the right to transport a third country. The complexity of fifth is that it involves multiple bilateral agreements and in different agreements. It means different types of aviation rights. The opening of the fifth air rights means that foreign airlines not only share the market between the flying countries, but also share the market resources of the third country on the route.
On the basis of consulting a large number of relevant books and papers, using the theoretical knowledge of international law, combining with the relevant knowledge of law theory, using historical research methods, comparative research methods, and empirical analysis methods, the thesis has been studied. Fifth the emergence, development and opening of aviation rights, and the opening of fifth airlines in the main countries. The attitude of the right, the general idea and the relevant legal system, the reasons and forms of the different attitudes between the fifth air rights open to different countries, the different effects resulting from the implementation of the different air control systems, and the related issues of China's opening to the fifth air rights. Analysis, according to the characteristics of the fifth aviation rights, to find the most feasible and most effective way to solve the problem of opening fifth air rights in China. At the same time, it also pays close attention to the trend of China's economic strategy and puts forward his own opinion on the opening of the fifth aviation rights.
In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this article is divided into six parts, about thirty thousand words.
The first part, "the legal nature of the fifth aviation rights", introduces the historical conditions and development background of the air rights, expounds the concept and connotation of the fifth aviation rights, and probes into the characteristics of the fifth aviation rights in the legal characteristics and its own different from other aviation rights. On this basis, it introduces the disputes about the nature of the fifth aviation rights. Analyze the views of the various genres and put forward their own views.
The second part, "the evolution of the opening of the fifth aviation rights", explains the evolution of the fifth air rights open in the world, and compares the attitudes and practices of several major economies in the world to the opening of the fifth air rights, as well as the development trend of the opening of the fifth air rights.
The third part, "the theoretical basis for the opening of the fifth air rights", analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the opening of the fifth aviation rights according to the theory of international law and the theory of economics, and puts forward the theoretical basis and economic basis for the opening of the fifth air rights.
The fourth part "the legal basis for the opening of the fifth air rights", according to the Chicago agreement, the GATS aviation service trade agreement, the domestic civil aviation law research, analysis of the fifth aviation rights open degree related issues.
The fifth part, "the fifth mode of open air rights", introduces the main ways of opening fifth air rights in the world at the present stage. The main ways of opening up the fifth air rights in China are discussed in the light of China's national conditions.
The sixth part, "China's opening up the national interests of the fifth aviation rights", is conducive to the realization of the international economic strategic objectives, and is conducive to increasing economic partners and gaining more aviation resources, and has a promoting role in the development of domestic civil aviation industry.
Through the analysis of the above aspects, the opening of China's opening to the fifth air rights is an irreversible international situation. Through the comparison and analysis, the conclusion is drawn that the opening to the economic development of China is greater than the disadvantages. The main basis of the opening of the current air rights is the national guidelines, economic policies and so on. There are few laws and regulations of the sky, and the only aviation law is the content of domestic aviation service after the standard opening. With the continuous deepening of the implementation of China's reform and opening policy, China's economy has developed rapidly, China's civil aviation has also developed rapidly in the national economy, and the strength of opening up is increasing. In the development of air transportation, the policy of open air rights is becoming more and more clear, and the development of China's international air transport has been greatly affected. China's fifth air rights open can actively promote the variable mode form on the basis of the bilateral system model. The structure of the economic partners can guarantee the fifth airlines. The opening of the empty rights was carried out smoothly.
【學位授予單位】：西南政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D993.4

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本文編號：1962813