發(fā)布時間：2018-05-31 07:59

  本文選題：WTO + 裁決執(zhí)行��； 參考：《環(huán)球法律評論》2017年05期

【摘要】：美國主導創(chuàng)設了WTO爭端解決機制。通過這一機制,美國提起WTO申訴的頻率以及申訴的勝訴率都極高,其自助執(zhí)行能力在世界范圍內(nèi)也最強,但是近年來美國卻頻頻與各國進行談判并試圖通過簽訂大區(qū)域貿(mào)易協(xié)定來架空WTO爭端解決機制,甚至直接退出這個機制。從WTO裁決的角度來看,這似乎意味著WTO原告勝訴裁決的執(zhí)行效果和國家利益的完全實現(xiàn)之間并不完全重合。一方面,部分原告勝訴裁決執(zhí)行不完全仍然可以間接的實現(xiàn)國家利益;另一方面,部分原告勝訴裁決完全執(zhí)行卻不能完全的實現(xiàn)國家利益。這種背離現(xiàn)象雖然客觀上起到了調(diào)節(jié)WTO申訴率的作用,然而伴隨著社會經(jīng)濟和政治大環(huán)境的演變,這一現(xiàn)象卻成為如美國這樣具有強大自助執(zhí)行能力的大國意欲改造甚至拋棄WTO體系的重要原因。鑒于此,中國需要在進一步提高WTO申訴率的基礎上,分類評估勝訴裁決執(zhí)行的效果,同時在厘清美國政治結(jié)構(gòu)失衡對執(zhí)行難度的影響后,跟進甚至超越美國對國際經(jīng)貿(mào)糾紛解決程序的設計與引導。
[Abstract]:The United States has led to the creation of the WTO dispute settlement mechanism. Through this mechanism, the United States has a high frequency of appealing to WTO and the high rate of appeal, and its self-service ability is the strongest in the world. However, in recent years, the United States has frequently negotiated with countries and tried to build a WTO dispute settlement mechanism by signing a large regional trade agreement. From the point of view of the WTO verdict, it seems to mean that the implementation effect of the WTO plaintiff's winning decision and the complete realization of the national interests are not completely coincided. On the one hand, the implementation of the decision of a partial plaintiff's winning decision is not entirely possible to achieve the national interests; on the other hand, some of the plaintiffs won the decision to finish the decision. The whole implementation can not fully realize the national interests. This deviant phenomenon has played an objective role in regulating the WTO appeal rate. However, with the evolution of the social economy and the political environment, this phenomenon has become an important reason for the great power of the great power, such as the United States, which has strong self-service ability to transform and even abandon the WTO system. On the basis of this, China needs to further improve the WTO appeal rate and classify the effect of the success of the award, while clarifying the impact of the unbalance of American political structure on the difficulty of execution, and following up and even surpassing the design and guidance of the United States on the international economic and trade dispute settlement procedure.
【作者單位】： 中國政法大學國際法學院;
【基金】：2012年度國家社會科學基金青年項目“WTO爭端解決機制的原告利益取向與對策研究”(12CFX110) 教育部2014年度高等學校全國優(yōu)秀博士學位論文作者專項資金資助項目“國際經(jīng)貿(mào)法律規(guī)則博弈與中國角色研究”(201407)的研究成果
【分類號】：D996.1

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