本文選題：內羅畢公約 + 領海及內水�。� 參考：《大連海事大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：一直以來,殘骸清除打撈是困擾各沿岸國的一個大難題,尤其是在清除費用的追償、責任主體的認定等問題上世界各國存在著各種分歧,長期以來并沒有一個統(tǒng)一的國際公約來規(guī)范。1996年在IMO第73次會議上第一次提出了《殘骸清除公約草案》,后于2007年5月在內羅畢召開的外交會議上決議并通過了該《公約》,2015年4月14日自丹麥成為第十個締約國的一年以后,2007年《內羅畢國際殘骸清除公約》正式生效。我國交通運輸部也在2016年12月30日發(fā)布了《公約》將于2017年2月11日在我國生效的公告,全世界的殘骸清除形勢將會被改寫。但是《公約》規(guī)定適用的范圍是一國的專屬經濟區(qū),對于領海是進行"原則加選擇性適用"的規(guī)則,鑒于我國對于殘骸清除的國內法目前處于混亂狀態(tài),法律數(shù)目繁多,位階層次不清,適用法律困難,法律規(guī)定落后等等問題,在我國宣布《公約》適用之后,專屬經濟區(qū)的問題可以迎刃而解,但是我國的領海及內水仍然殘存很多亟待解決的問題。筆者通過查閱多方資料,探究《公約》在IMO法律委員會的制定過程,從《公約》的制定過程出發(fā),列舉了《公約》在制定過程中部分締約國不同的立場觀點,然后主要探究了《公約》適用專屬經濟區(qū)對我國的影響,分析《公約》中"原則加選擇性適用"的規(guī)則機制,對比了如果擴大適用到領海及內水之后的被保留的規(guī)定以及未保留的規(guī)定,并且探討了兩種類規(guī)定分別可能產生的影響,其中最主要的是對主權是否會產生不利影響,后來大膽假設如果我國將《公約》擴大適用之后會對我國的海事主管機關、航運企業(yè)、保險公司以及沉船沉物打撈企業(yè)會產生怎樣的利弊影響,最后結合我國的立法現(xiàn)狀,如果擴大適用之后我們應該在哪方面做出改變,以及即使不擴大適用我們應該采取什么措施,最后分析得出關于《公約》可以擴大適用至領海及內水的結論。
[Abstract]:For a long time, debris removal and salvage has been a major problem for coastal states. In particular, there are various differences in the world over the recovery of removal costs, the identification of the responsible parties, and so on. There has long been no uniform international convention to regulate it. The draft wreckage removal convention was first presented at the IMO 73rd meeting in 1996, and was adopted at a diplomatic conference held in Nairobi in May 2007. The Nairobi Convention on Wreck removal came into force in 2007, one year after Denmark became the tenth party to the Convention on April 14, 2015. China's Ministry of Transport also announced on December 30, 2016 that the Convention will enter into force in China on February 11, 2017, and the world's debris removal situation will be rewritten. However, the scope of application of the provisions of the Convention is the exclusive economic zone of a State and the rule of "principle plus selective application" for the territorial sea. In view of the fact that China's domestic law on debris removal is currently in a state of confusion, there are a large number of laws. The level is unclear, the application of the law is difficult, the legal provisions are backward, and so on. After our country declares the application of the Convention, the problem of the exclusive economic zone can be easily solved. However, China's territorial waters and internal waters are still a lot of problems to be solved. The author explores the process of making the Convention in the Law Committee of IMO by consulting various materials. From the process of making the Convention, the author enumerates the different positions of some States parties in the process of making the Convention. Then it mainly explores the impact of the Convention's application of the exclusive economic zone on our country, and analyzes the rule mechanism of "principle plus selective application" in the Convention. Comparing the provisions which, if extended to the territorial sea and after the internal waters, are retained, as well as those that are not, and exploring the possible effects of each of the two categories of provisions, the most important of which is whether or not there will be adverse effects on sovereignty, Later, it was boldly assumed that if our country extended the application of the Convention, it would have a negative and negative impact on our maritime authorities, shipping enterprises, insurance companies and shipwrecking enterprises, and finally on the current legislative situation of our country. If we make changes after the extension of application and what measures we should take even if we do not, the conclusion that the Convention can be extended to the territorial sea and internal waters is finally analysed.
【學位授予單位】：大連海事大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D996.9

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