發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-19 04:43

  本文選題：技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘 + 《技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘協(xié)議》�。� 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：自1978年十一屆三中全會(huì),改革開(kāi)放已經(jīng)走過(guò)了34個(gè)年頭,改革開(kāi)放使我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)各個(gè)方面發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化,取得了舉世矚目的成就,其中對(duì)外貿(mào)易的繁榮是一大亮點(diǎn)。據(jù)海關(guān)總署統(tǒng)計(jì),計(jì)入世貿(mào)組織十年以來(lái),我國(guó)進(jìn)出口總值年均增長(zhǎng)20%以上,海關(guān)稅收2010年是2001年入世之初的5倍。英國(guó)研究機(jī)構(gòu)經(jīng)濟(jì)商業(yè)研究中心目前公布的年度世界經(jīng)濟(jì)排名顯示,我國(guó)已經(jīng)超越日本,成為世界上僅次于美國(guó)的世界第二大經(jīng)濟(jì)體,是世界第一大出口國(guó)和第二大進(jìn)口國(guó)。但是我們也應(yīng)該看到,2008年世界金融危機(jī)造成國(guó)際金融市場(chǎng)動(dòng)蕩,世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇放緩,國(guó)際貿(mào)易發(fā)展疲軟的后續(xù)的影響依舊存在。各國(guó)尤其是受金融危機(jī)影響較大的國(guó)家為了刺激新的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)點(diǎn),擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需,大多了采取限制、減少進(jìn)口的措施。這個(gè)時(shí)候,非關(guān)稅壁壘開(kāi)始盛行。作為出口大國(guó),我國(guó)的對(duì)外貿(mào)易遭受了很多國(guó)家的非關(guān)稅壁壘,嚴(yán)重影響了我國(guó)產(chǎn)品進(jìn)入國(guó)際市場(chǎng)尤其是發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的市場(chǎng)。鑒于我國(guó)頻頻遭受國(guó)外技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘的現(xiàn)狀,本文對(duì)技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘的相關(guān)問(wèn)題做了一些初步的研究,希望能夠?yàn)槲覈?guó)國(guó)際貿(mào)易的發(fā)展提供一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)借鑒。 全文共分了四個(gè)部分,以技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘為核心,第一部分著重介紹了技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘的基本認(rèn)識(shí)。首先是技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘的基本概念；接著闡述了技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘產(chǎn)生發(fā)展的復(fù)雜背景；按照WTO《技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘協(xié)議》規(guī)定將技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘分為技術(shù)法規(guī)、技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和合格評(píng)定程序三種表現(xiàn)形式；最后簡(jiǎn)單提及了技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘的主要特點(diǎn),對(duì)其以后的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)作了預(yù)測(cè)。第二部分對(duì)歐盟、美國(guó)和日本等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家和地區(qū)的技術(shù)性貿(mào)易法律體系及其應(yīng)對(duì)機(jī)制作了詳細(xì)的分析,因?yàn)檫@些國(guó)家和地區(qū)作為我國(guó)主要的對(duì)外貿(mào)易相對(duì)方,是我國(guó)所受技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘的主要來(lái)源國(guó),而且他們的貿(mào)易壁壘法律體系和應(yīng)對(duì)機(jī)制都很發(fā)達(dá),能很好地為其本國(guó)貿(mào)易發(fā)展服務(wù),值得我國(guó)借鑒。第三部分介紹了WTO《技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘協(xié)議》的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。第四部分文章回歸到我國(guó)遭受的技術(shù)貿(mào)易壁壘的現(xiàn)狀和應(yīng)對(duì)策略。此部分分析了我國(guó)屢屢遭受貿(mào)易壁壘的現(xiàn)狀、影響、原因和企業(yè)及政府的應(yīng)對(duì)策略。最后是結(jié)語(yǔ)。
[Abstract]:Since the third Plenary session of the Eleventh Central Committee in 1978, the reform and opening up has gone through 34 years. The reform and opening up has brought about tremendous changes in all aspects of China's economy and society, and made remarkable achievements, among which the prosperity of foreign trade is a bright spot. According to the statistics of the General Administration of Customs, the total value of China's imports and exports has increased by more than 20 percent annually since the entry into the WTO ten years ago, and the customs revenue in 2010 was five times that of the beginning of WTO entry in 2001. According to the annual world economic ranking released by the Center for Economic and Commercial Research, a British research institution, China has surpassed Japan as the world's second largest economy after the United States, and is the world's largest exporter and second largest importer. But we should also see that the subsequent impact of the 2008 world financial crisis on international financial markets, the slowdown in the world economic recovery and the weak development of international trade still exists. In order to stimulate new economic growth and expand domestic demand, countries, especially those affected by the financial crisis, have mostly taken measures to restrict and reduce imports. At this time, non-tariff barriers began to prevail. As a big export country, China's foreign trade has suffered from non-tariff barriers in many countries, which has seriously affected the entry of our products into the international market, especially in developed countries. In view of the fact that our country frequently suffers from the foreign technical barriers to trade, this paper makes some preliminary research on the technical barriers to trade, hoping to provide a little reference for the development of our international trade. The paper is divided into four parts, with TBT as the core. The first part focuses on the basic understanding of TBT. First is the basic concept of technical barriers to trade, and then expounds the complex background of the development of technical barriers to trade. According to the WTO Agreement on Technical barriers to Trade, technical barriers to trade are divided into technical regulations. In the end, the main characteristics of TBT are briefly mentioned, and its future development trend is forecasted. The second part makes a detailed analysis of the legal system of technical trade in developed countries and regions, such as the European Union, the United States and Japan, and its response mechanism, because these countries and regions are the main counterparts of China's foreign trade. TBT is the main country of origin of TBT in China, and their legal system and coping mechanism of TBT are well developed and can serve for the development of their own trade, which is worthy of our country's reference. The third part introduces the WTO Agreement on Technical barriers to Trade. The fourth part of the article returns to our country suffered the technical trade barrier present situation and the countermeasure. This part analyzes the current situation, the influence, the reasons and the countermeasures of the enterprises and the government. The last is the conclusion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D996.1

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