本文選題：補貼 + 可訴性補貼�。� 參考：《湖南師范大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：自2004年以來,各國對中國發(fā)起了五十多起反補貼調(diào)查,作為威懾和回應,中國也對美國等國家和地區(qū)發(fā)起了四起反補貼調(diào)查,在這種形勢下,更好地了解國際反補貼規(guī)則,維護我國的利益成為一個重要的問題。 根據(jù)WTO《補貼與反補貼措施協(xié)定》(以下簡稱SCM協(xié)定),補貼造成了不利影響是對可訴性補貼采取反補貼措施的必要條件。不利影響有三種情形：國內(nèi)產(chǎn)業(yè)的損害、利益的喪失或減損、嚴重侵害。雖然SCM協(xié)定第6條對嚴重侵害的認定做出了全面的規(guī)定,但因條文中使用了較多的模糊性概念等因素,嚴重侵害的認定在實踐中頗為復雜,而WTO在實踐中對相關問題進行了一些分析,歐美等國也積累了相關的實踐經(jīng)驗。 本文共分為三章,第一章結合WTO的裁決,歸納出了嚴重侵害的含義及幾個特征,再從歷背景的角度,分析WTO有關嚴重侵害規(guī)定的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展歷程,探析其深刻內(nèi)涵,即嚴重侵害本質上屬于一個成員通過授予可訴性補貼在補貼實施方或其它方市場上對另一個成員的相似產(chǎn)品在價格、市場地位、銷售情況等市場狀況方面造成的不利影響。 第二章對WTO相關案件的裁決進行了歸納分析,詳細論述了WTO實踐中對嚴重侵害認定相關實體規(guī)則的分析。具體而言,先歸納了WTO實踐中對嚴重侵害的認定分析路徑,再以此為線索,對SCM協(xié)定第6條第3款規(guī)定的嚴重侵害的四類情形進行一一分析,著重突出對“相似產(chǎn)品”、“市場”、“因果關系”、“取代或阻礙”、“價格抑制”等關鍵詞的分析。 文章第三部分的程序規(guī)則研究了嚴重侵害的信息搜集程序。SCM協(xié)定給予了各成員國協(xié)助專家組搜集與嚴重侵害有關信息的強制義務,但對于第三國承擔的該項義務,有一定限制。這項程序的進行,主要由指定代表完成,且指定代表對于信息搜集中的相關事項有獨立決定權,專家組無權干涉。SCM協(xié)定對信息搜集程序中商業(yè)秘密保護、反向推斷等問題規(guī)定得不明確,但實踐中已有一些值得學習的經(jīng)驗。
[Abstract]:Since 2004, various countries have launched more than 50 countervailing investigations against China. As a deterrent and response, China has also launched four countervailing investigations against the United States and other countries and regions. Under this situation, we should better understand the international countervailing rules. Safeguarding the interests of our country has become an important issue. According to the WTO Agreement on subsidies and countervailing measures (hereinafter referred to as SCM Agreement), the adverse effects of subsidies are the necessary conditions for taking countervailing measures on actionable subsidies. There are three kinds of adverse effects: damage to domestic industry, loss or loss of benefits, and serious infringement. Although Article 6 of the SCM Agreement provides comprehensive provisions for the determination of serious violations, due to the use of many fuzzy concepts and other factors in the articles, the determination of serious violations is quite complicated in practice. WTO has made some analysis on the related problems in practice, and some countries such as Europe and America have accumulated relevant practical experience. This article is divided into three chapters. The first chapter, combined with the ruling of WTO, sums up the meaning and several characteristics of serious infringement, then from the perspective of historical background, analyzes the emergence and development of the provisions of serious infringement of WTO, and analyzes its profound connotation. That is, serious infringement is essentially the adverse effect of one member on the price, market position and sales of similar products of another member in the market of the subsidy implementing party or other party by granting actionable subsidies. The second chapter summarizes and analyzes the decision of WTO related cases, and discusses in detail the analysis of the substantive rules related to the serious infringement in the practice of WTO. Specifically, the paper first summarizes the analysis path of serious infringement in the practice of WTO, and then uses it as a clue to analyze the four categories of serious infringement as stipulated in paragraph 3 of Article 6 of the SCM Agreement, with emphasis on "similar products". Analysis of keywords such as "market", "causality", "substitution or hindrance", "price suppression", etc. In the third part of the article, the procedure of collecting information for serious infringement is studied. SCM Agreement gives member States the compulsory obligation to assist the expert group to collect information related to serious infringement, but there are certain restrictions on the obligation assumed by third countries. This procedure is mainly carried out by the designated representative, and the designated representative has an independent decision on the relevant matters in the collection of information. The panel of experts has no right to interfere with the protection of trade secrets in the information-gathering procedure under the SCM Agreement. Reverse inference and other issues are not clearly defined, but in practice there are some experience worth learning.
【學位授予單位】：湖南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D996.1

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